Table 1. Basic descriptive characteristics of the male participants by exercise.
| Variable | Exercise/hours/week | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0 n = 43322(51.77%) | <2.5 n = 28869(34.50%) | ≥2.5 n = 11490(13.73%) | ||
| Age (years) | 62.85±13.34 | 63.65±12.64 | 65.47±12.17 | <0.0001 |
| Area | <0.0001 | |||
| Taichung | 30966(71.48%) | 23032(79.78%) | 9411(81.91%) | |
| Yunlin | 12356(28.52%) | 5837(20.22%) | 2079(18.09%) | |
| Smoking status | <0.0001 | |||
| Never | 32435(74.87%) | 22289(77.21%) | 9691(84.34%) | |
| Occasional | 2135(4.93%) | 1646(5.70%) | 434(3.78%) | |
| <1 pack/day | 5349(12.35%) | 3446(11.94%) | 999(8.69%) | |
| ≥1 pack/day | 3403(7.86%) | 1488(5.15%) | 366(3.19%) | |
| Drinking status | <0.0001 | |||
| Never | 32613(75.28%) | 20239(70.11%) | 8135(70.80%) | |
| Occasional | 8017(18.51%) | 7296(25.27%) | 2882(25.08%) | |
| Frequent | 2692(6.21%) | 1334(4.62%) | 473(4.12%) | |
| Betel nut status | <0.0001 | |||
| Never | 39220(90.53%) | 26974(93.44%) | 11092(96.54%) | |
| Occasional | 2363(5.45%) | 1240(4.30%) | 301(2.62%) | |
| Frequent | 1739(4.01%) | 655(2.27%) | 97(0.84%) | |
| Disease history | ||||
| Hypertension | 12458(28.76%) | 10007(34.66%) | 4368(38.02%) | <0.0001 |
| Diabetes | 5812(13.42%) | 4205(14.57%) | 1781(15.50%) | <0.0001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 2780(6.42%) | 2015(6.98%) | 1212(10.55%) | <0.0001 |
| Heart disease | 2830(6.53%) | 2159(7.48%) | 1028(8.95%) | <0.0001 |
| Stroke | 1195(2.76%) | 564(1.95%) | 207(1.80%) | <0.0001 |
| Kidney disease | 1003(2.32%) | 505(1.75%) | 238(2.07%) | <0.0001 |
| Height (cm) | 165.63±6.64 | 165.79±6.51 | 165.91±6.42 | <0.0001 |
| Weight (kg) | 68.64±11.85 | 68.8±10.96 | 68.37±10.48 | 0.0029 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.97±3.73 | 24.98±3.42 | 24.80±3.29 | <0.0001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 71.29±26.50 | 72.50±25.41 | 74.00±24.38 | <0.0001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 132.11±18.48 | 132.69±18.29 | 132.63±18.16 | <0.0001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 79.71±11.87 | 79.47±11.53 | 79.22±11.14 | <0.0001 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 187.08±39.28 | 188.14±37.10 | 187.40±36.07 | 0.0011 |
| LDL-c (mg/dl) | 109.67±36.30 | 110.32±35.72 | 108.91±35.38 | 0.0011 |
| HDL-c (mg/dl) | 49.47±17.82 | 51.04±19.77 | 53.32±21.44 | <0.0001 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 144.37±90.27 | 137.90±84.96 | 128.08±75.21 | <0.0001 |
| ALT | <0.0001 | |||
| ≤40 IU/l | 36081(83.29%) | 24684(85.50%) | 9982(86.88%) | |
| >40 IU/l | 7241(16.71%) | 4185(14.50%) | 1508(13.12%) | |
| Blood glucose (mg/dl) | 112.95±47.76 | 110.99±41.27 | 108.23±35.4 | <0.0001 |
| Blood creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.12±0.74 | 1.07±0.61 | 1.07±0.53 | <0.0001 |
| EGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 75.71±21.87 | 74.84±19.40 | 73.37±18.12 | <0.0001 |