Significant differentially detected metabolites and proteins in cells undergoing excretion. (A and B) Metabolite analysis by GC-MS of putrescine from the medium (A) and cell extract (B) of parental (DE3), pET-NusA (E), and pET-eGFP (G) BL21(DE3) strains in the absence (UI) and presence (I) of IPTG. (C) Induction-specific proteins differentially detected by LC-MS analysis in eGFP-induced (GI) versus NusA-uninduced (EU) strains (red, upregulated; green, downregulated). (D) Induction-specific proteins differentially detected by LC-MS analysis in NusA-induced (EI) versus uninduced (EU) strains. (E) Comparison of proteins differentially detected under both conditions (C and D). In panels A and B, the data are mean values of five biological replicates ± the standard deviation. In panels C to E, data are presented as fold changes [FC(log2)] in the normalized mean values for a minimum of four biological replicates of proteins differentially detected with significance (P < 0.05) testing performed by the Wilcoxon RS method.