Effect of diallyl disulfide (DADS) on body weight (A); spleen index (B) and liver index (C) of rats in all groups. Rats (six animals per group) were treated by intraperitoneal injection as follows: cigarette smoke extract (CSE) group (1 mL CSE- phosphate buffer solution on days 1, 8, and 15), DADS group (100 mg/kg/day DADS + CSE), budesonide group (10 mg/kg/day budesonide + CSE), blank control group (the vehicle), and DADS control group (100 mg/kg/day DADS). (A) Rat body weights were measured in each group at the indicated time point; (B) The spleen index of rats in each group is indicated. Weight (spleen) g × 10/Weight (body) kg; (C) The liver index of rats in each group is indicated. Weight (spleen) g/Weight (body) kg. Data are presented as mean ± standard error of the mean (SEM) (n = 6/group). ## p < 0.01 vs. the blank control group. ** p < 0.01 and *** p < 0.001 vs. the CSE group. ★★★
p < 0.001 vs. the budesonide group. ns not significantly p > 0.05.