Table 1.
Baseline Characteristics by Self-Reported Diagnosis of Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS).
| No RLS diagnosis | RLS diagnosis | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristic | (N = 2761) | (N = 62) | p |
| Age, years | 76.30 ± 5.48 | 76.40 ± 5.87 | .89 |
| Non-white | 259 (9.38) | 1 (1.61) | .04 |
| Education | <.0001 | ||
| < High school | 138 (5.00) | 7 (11.29) | |
| High school | 434 (15.72) | 20 (32.26) | |
| Some college or more | 2189 (79.28) | 35 (56.45) | |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.12 ± 3.75 | 28.11 ± 4.03 | .04 |
| Smoking | .41 | ||
| Never | 1098 (39.77) | 20 (32.26) | |
| Past | 1610 (58.31) | 40 (64.52) | |
| Current | 53 (1.92) | 2 (3.23) | |
| Alcohol intake, drinks/week | .08 | ||
| <1 | 1275 (46.41) | 37 (59.68) | |
| 1–13 | 1320 (48.05) | 24 (38.71) | |
| ≥14 | 152 (5.53) | 1 (1.61) | |
| Physical activity scorea | 146.27 ± 71.73 | 134.09 ± 48.70 | .06 |
| Current medication use: | |||
| Benzodiazepines | 111 (4.02) | 12 (19.35) | <.0001 |
| Antidepressants | 201 (7.28) | 15 (24.19) | <.0001 |
| Antihypertensives | 1600 (57.95) | 47 (75.81) | .005 |
| Dopaminergics | 26 (0.94) | 7 (11.29) | <.0001 |
| Anticonvulsants | 83 (3.01) | 8 (12.90) | <.0001 |
| Depression, Geriatric depression scale score ≥ 6 | 159 (5.76) | 11 (17.74) | <.0001 |
| Geriatric depression scale score (range 0 to 15) | 1.70 ± 2.06 | 3.07 ± 2.92 | <.0001 |
| History of: | |||
| Diabetes mellitus | 350 (12.68) | 17 (27.42) | .0006 |
| Myocardial infarction | 474 (17.17) | 12 (19.35) | .65 |
| Stroke or transient ischemic attack | 295 (10.69) | 18 (29.03) | <.0001 |
| Coronary heart diseaseb | 810 (29.39) | 26 (41.94) | .03 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 263 (9.68) | 14 (23.73) | .0004 |
| Cardiovascular diseasec | 1065 (38.66) | 34 (54.84) | .01 |
| Hypertension | 1354 (49.04) | 41 (66.13) | .008 |
| Parkinson’s disease | 34 (1.23) | 0 | .38 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 126.78 ± 16.25 | 127.31 ± 17.41 | .80 |
| Estimated glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73m2 | 70.12 ± 16.95 | 65.19 ± 18.12 | .02 |
| C-reactive protein, ug/ml | 2.74 ± 5.26 | 3.47 ± 3.78 | .06 |
| Interleukin-6, pg/ml | 1.90 ± 6.94 | 1.62 ± 1.51 | .18 |
Results shown as mean ± SD or n (%).p-values for continuous variables are from a t test if normally distributed, a Wilcoxon rank-sum test if skewed. p-values for categorical data are from a chi-square test.
aPhysical Activity Scale for the Elderly (PASE).
bSelf-reported history of coronary heart disease includes myocardial infarction, angina, bypass surgery, or angioplasty.
cCoronary heart disease, peripheral vascular disease, stroke or transient ischemic attack.