Table 5.
Adjusted Mean Absolute Changes in Carotid Artery Measures in PAP-dherent OSA Patients Following 4 Months of Treatment, Overall and Stratified by Obesity.
| Measure | Overall | Nonobese* | Obese* | p § | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | β (95% CI)† | p ‡ | N | β (95% CI)† | p ‡ | N | β (95% CI)† | p ‡ | ||
| Combined | ||||||||||
| Average IMT (mm) | 115 | −0.003 (−0.02, 0.01) | .724 | 41 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | .550 | 74 | 0.000 (−0.02, 0.02) | .995 | .644 |
| Maximum IMT (mm) | 115 | 0.003 (−0.01, 0.02) | .711 | 41 | −0.004 (−0.03, 0.03) | .798 | 74 | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | .535 | .583 |
| Minimum IMT (mm) | 115 | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.01) | .429 | 41 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | .622 | 74 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | .543 | .968 |
| Diameter (mm) | 115 | 0.13 (0.06, 0.20) | .0004 | 41 | 0.17 (0.05, 0.29) | .007 | 74 | 0.10 (0.01, 0.18) | .037 | .335 |
| Arterial wall mass | 115 | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | .203 | 41 | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | .535 | 74 | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.04) | .339 | .954 |
| Circumferential stress | 109 | 0.91 (−1.08, 2.90) | .367 | 38 | 2.76 (−0.73, 6.25) | .119 | 71 | −0.09 (−2.59, 2.40) | .941 | .204 |
| Right side | ||||||||||
| Average IMT (mm) | 115 | −0.01 (−0.02, 0.01) | .560 | 41 | −0.01 (−0.04, 0.02) | .366 | 74 | 0.000 (−0.02, 0.02) | .991 | .477 |
| Maximum IMT (mm) | 115 | −0.002 (−0.02, 0.02) | .811 | 41 | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.02) | .389 | 74 | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.03) | .690 | .370 |
| Minimum IMT (mm) | 115 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.01) | .348 | 41 | −0.01 (−0.05, 0.02) | .389 | 74 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | .650 | .678 |
| Diameter (mm) | 115 | 0.08 (0.001, 0.17) | .046 | 41 | 0.12 (−0.03, 0.26) | .117 | 74 | 0.06 (−0.05, 0.17) | .272 | .545 |
| Arterial wall mass | 115 | 0.004 (−0.02, 0.03) | .728 | 41 | −0.002 (−0.05, 0.04) | .942 | 74 | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.04) | .644 | .750 |
| Circumferential stress | 109 | 1.23 (−1.10, 3.56) | .297 | 38 | 3.46 (−0.62, 7.54) | .096 | 71 | −0.09 (−3.01, 2.83) | .951 | .177 |
| Left side | ||||||||||
| Average IMT (mm) | 113 | 0.00 (−0.02, 0.02) | .996 | 40 | −0.001 (−0.04, 0.03) | .959 | 73 | 0.000 (−0.03, 0.02) | .977 | .981 |
| Maximum IMT (mm) | 113 | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | .431 | 40 | 0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) | .698 | 73 | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.04) | .550 | .973 |
| Minimum IMT (mm) | 113 | −0.004 (−0.02, 0.02) | .708 | 40 | 0.001 (−0.03, 0.03) | .949 | 73 | −0.01 (−0.03, 0.02) | .582 | .719 |
| Diameter (mm) | 113 | 0.18 (0.10, 0.26) | <.0001 | 40 | 0.24 (0.10, 0.37) | .001 | 73 | 0.13 (0.04, 0.23) | .008 | .234 |
| Arterial wall mass | 113 | 0.02 (−0.003, 0.05) | .077 | 40 | 0.03 (−0.02, 0.07) | .253 | 73 | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.05) | .269 | .786 |
| Circumferential stress | 107 | 0.59 (−1.57, 2.75) | .587 | 37 | 2.09 (−1.74, 5.91) | .281 | 70 | −0.09 (−2.81, 2.62) | .945 | .374 |
CI = confidence interval; IMT = intima-media thickness; OSA = obstructive sleep apnea; PAP = positive airway pressure.
*Nonobese or obese defined using a waist circumference cut-point of >107 cm in men or >96 cm in women;
†Linear (right, left) or mixed (combined) model derived estimate of within group change from baseline on PAP (calculated as follow-up minus baseline values), adjusted for site, AHI, age, gender, race, current smoking status, current alcohol use, HDL, lipid lowering medication use, number of antihypertensive medications (0, 1 or ≥2), glucose, and BMI (overall model only);
‡ p value testing whether within group change on PAP is significantly different from zero;
§ p value comparing changes in nonobese versus obese OSA.