Table 2.
Pre-test and post-test probabilities of stroke using different tests to ‘rule out’ stroke in the spontaneous acute vestibular syndrome (s-AVS)
| Post-Test Probability of Stroke following a Negative Test Obtained in First 24 Hours | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-Test Probability of Stroke (vascular risk profile) | General Neuro Exam (Sn 18.8%,56 Sp 95%, NLR 0.85) | CT Brain (Sn 16%,13 Sp 98%,13 NLR 0.86) |
MRI-DWI Brain (Sn 80.0%,62 Sp 96.0%,13 NLR 0.21) |
HINTS+ Battery (Sn 99.2%,63 Sp 97.0%, NLR 0.01) |
| 10% (low) | 8.7% | 8.7% | 2.3% | 0.1% |
| 25% (average62) | 22.2% | 22.3% | 6.5% | 0.3% |
| 50% (high) | 46.1% | 46.2% | 17.2% | 0.8% |
| 75% (very high) | 71.9% | 72.1% | 38.5% | 2.4% |
Abbreviations: CT – computed tomography; HINTS+ - head impulse, nystagmus, test of skew, plus hearing; MRI-DWI – magnetic resonance imaging with diffusion weighted imaging; NLR – negative likelihood ratio; Sn – sensitivity; Sp – specificity
Modified from Newman-Toker, et al., 2015 © Georg
Thieme Verlag KG.23