Table 1.
MiRNAs expressed in myeloid cells having an impact on tumorigenesis. MiRNAs having a role in macrophage polarization, tumor invasion and immunosuppression are here listed (↑ = increased; ↓ = decreased).
| miRNA | Expression | Targets | Phenotype | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| miR-155 | ↑ M1 macrophages | C/EBPβ, SHIP1, IL13Rα1, SMAD2/3 | Reprograms pro-tumoral M2/TAM macrophages to M1 pro-inflammatory macrophages | Macrophage Polarization |
| miR-125b | ↑ M1 macrophages | IRF4 | ↑ responsiveness to IFNγ ↑ tumor killing | |
| miR-127 | ↑ in M2 macrophages ↓ by inflammation | DUSP1 | ↑ M1- and ↓ M2-related genes | |
| miR-146a | ↑ M2 macrophages | NOTCH1, INHBA, PPARγ, | ↑ M2 polarization and inflammation ↓ M1 polarization | |
| miR-223 | ↓ TAM | IL1β, IL-6 | ↑ M2 polarization | |
| let-7c | ↑ in M2 macrophages ↓ by inflammation | C/EBPδ, PAK1 | ↑ M2- and ↓ M1-related genes | |
| miR-511-3p | ↑ TAM | ROCK2 | ↓ pro-tumoral gene signature of TAMS and ↓ tumor growth | Tumor invasion |
| miR-155 | ↑ M1 macrophages | SHIP1 | ↑ anti-tumor immunity. MiR-155 KO myeloid cells induce faster tumor growth | |
| miR-155 | ↑ MDSC | SOCS1 | Required for tumor growth and the generation of CD4+ Treg cells. MiR-155 KO mice are resistant to carcinogenesis | Immune suppression (MDSC) |
| miR-494 | ↑ MDSC | PTEN | Regulates cell cycle progression; it induces arrest in G2/M and increased inflammation | |
| miR-20a | ↑ MDSC | STAT3 | ↓ MDSC-dependent suppression of CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response | |
| miR-223 | ↓ MDSC | MEF2C | Suppresses differentiation of tumor induced- CD11bGr1+MDSC | |
| miR-21 | ↑ MDSC | SHIP1 | ↑ proliferation and survival | |
| miR-690 | ↑ MDSC | C/EBPα | ↑ MDSC expansion and proliferation ↓ terminal differentiation | |
| miR-17-5p | ↑ MDSC | STAT3 | ↓ MDSC ability to suppress Ag-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response |