Anti-viral activity of favipiravir and ribavirin in hNPCs. (A) hNPCs were infected with ZIKV at MOI of 10 for indicated times. ZIKV E and NS5 expressions are shown. (B) hNPCs were infected with ZIKV (MOI-10) and treated with either DMSO control (0 M), favipiravir (1, 10, 25 μM), or ribavirin (1, 10, 25 μg/mL) for 72 h after infection, and the levels of ZIKV E and NS5 mRNA were measured over time using qRT-PCR. The expression of viral genes was normalized to GAPDH and the levels of expression for the control DMSO-treated group were arbitrarily set to 1. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001, compared with DMSO control-treated cells. (C) Immunofluorescent staining of ZIKV E protein in hNSCs at 72 h post infection is shown. Magnification shown is 400 × and the scale bar represents 20 μm. % ZIKV E-stained cells were calculated and the graph shows an average of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05.