Table 3.
Short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration in faecal samples before (T0) and after (T1) the intervention, expressed by means ± SEM and by μmol/g of faeces.
| SCFA | Placebo Group | Synergy 1 Group | Placebo: T0 vs. T1 2 | Synergy 1: T0 vs. T1 | T1: Placebo vs. Synergy 1 3 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | T1 | T0 | T1 | ||||
| Acetic | 29.84 ± 1.93 | 28.82 ± 4.26 | 30.00 ± 3.35 | 44.06 1 ± 4.13 | 0.520 | 0.047 * | 0.020 * |
| Propionic | 9.91 ± 1.23 | 7.97 ± 1.55 | 10.16 ± 1.25 | 11.14 ± 0.61 | 0.692 | 0.328 | 0.048 * |
| Iso-butyric | 1.41 ± 0.15 | 1.56 ± 0.33 | 1.60 ± 0.14 | 1.33 ± 0.13 | 0.678 | 0.059 | 1.000 |
| Butyric | 8.92 ± 1.37 | 8.21 ± 1.89 | 8.02 ± 1.27 | 10.41 ± 0.89 | 0.889 | 0.047 * | 0.292 |
| Iso-valeric | 1.43 ± 0.18 | 1.46 ± 0.23 | 1.72 ± 0.19 | 1.56 ± 0.16 | 0.515 | 0.400 | 0.419 |
| Valeric | 1.55 ± 0.21 | 0.97 ± 0.16 | 1.72 ± 0.18 | 1.47 ± 0.18 | 0.030 * | 0.123 | 0.062 |
| Total SCFAs | 53.06 ± 5.52 | 48.99 ± 5.22 | 53.23 ± 6.94 | 69.95 ± 5.92 | 0.418 | 0.041 * | 0.005 * |
| Total BCFAs | 2.84 ± 0.30 | 3.02 ± 0.40 | 3.32 ± 0.33 | 2.89 ± 0.28 | 0.765 | 0.132 | 0.679 |
| Relative BCFAs 1 | 5.35 | 6.16 | 6.24 | 4.13 | |||
* p < 0.05. 1 Relative concentration of the total branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) (sum of iso-butyic and iso-valeric acids) expressed as a percentage of the total SCFA. 2 Comparison between groups using Student’s t-test or the Mann–Whitney U test, as appropriate. 3 Comparison within groups before and after intervention using the Student’s t-test or the Wilcoxon test, as appropriate.