Mouth care |
Structured protocols for providing mouth care that include person-centered communication and interaction strategies as well as technical skills. |
Small evidence base |
Well accepted by participants |
Evidence is preliminary; one study found positive effects on care-resistant behaviors |
No known harmful effectsReducing threat, anxiety, fear, and pain may be key elements of effectivenessLow investment (low time, usual caregiver, modest resources) |
More high-quality research required |
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Bathing |
Structured protocols for providing bathing care that include person-centered communication and interaction strategies as well as technical skills. |
Small evidence base |
Well accepted by participantsNo known harmful effectsReducing fear and pain may be key elements of effectivenessLow investment (low time, usual caregiver, modest resources) |
Evidence indicates positive effects on agitation, aggression, irritability, anxiety |
More high-quality research required, using consistent implementation protocols and outcome measures |