Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Japanese Journal of Cancer Research : Gann logoLink to Japanese Journal of Cancer Research : Gann
. 1995 Jun;86(6):530–534. doi: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.1995.tb02430.x

Lack of Promoting Effects of α‐Linolenic, Linoleic or Palmitic Acid on Urinary Bladder Carcinogenesis in Rats

Mitsuaki Kitano 1,✉, Satoru Mori 1,2, Tianxin Chen 1, Takashi Murai 1,2, Shoji Fukushima 1
PMCID: PMC5920864  PMID: 7622416

Abstract

Potential promoting effects of α‐linolenic, linoleic and palmitic acids were investigated in a two‐stage urinary bladder carcinogenesis model. In experiment 1, male F344 rats were given 0.05% N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl)nitrosainine (BBN) in their drinking water for 4 weeks and then basal diet containing 10%α‐linolenic, 10% linoleic or 10% palmitic acid along with 0.2% butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) as an antioxidant for 24 weeks. The development of tumors in the urinary bladder was not increased by treatment with any of the fatty acids. In experiment 2, male F344 rats were given 10%α‐linolenic, 10% linoleic or 10% palmitic acid along with 0.2% BHA in their diet for 8 weeks without prior BBN treatment. The administration of fatty acids was not associated with any increase in the 5‐bromo‐2′‐deoxyuridine labeling index of the urinary bladder epithelium. Serum and/or urine fatty acid Ievels increased in the cases of α‐linolenic and linoleic acid treatments, but not with palmitic acid. Under the present experimental conditions neither the two polyunsaturated nor the one saturated fatty acid exerted any promoting effect on urinary bladder carcinogenesis.

Keywords: Urinary bladder carcinogenesis, Fatty acid, N‐Butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl)‐nitrosamine

Full Text

The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (308.7 KB).

REFERENCES

  • 1. ) Franceschi , S.Fat and prostate cancer . Epidemiology , 5 , 271 – 273 ( 1994. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 2. ) Willett , W. C.Dietary fat and risk of breast and colon cancer . Proc. Nutr. Soc. , 53 , 25 – 26 ( 1994. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 3. ) Appel , M. J. , Garderen‐Hoetmer , A. and Woutersen , R. A.Effects of dietary linoleic acid on pancreatic carcinogenesis in rats and hamsters . Cancer Res. , 54 , 2113 – 2120 ( 1994. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 4. ) Cohen , L. A. , Thompson , D. O. , Maeura , Y. , Choi , K. , Blank , M. E. and Rose , D. P.Dietary fat and mammary cancer. I. Promoting effects of different dietary fats on N‐nitrosomethylurea‐induced rat mammary tumorigenesis . J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , 77 , 33 – 42 ( 1986. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 5. ) Reddy , B. S.Dietary fat and colon cancer: animal model studies . Lipids , 27 , 807 – 813 ( 1992. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 6. ) Wynder , E. L. and Hiyama , T.Comparative epidemiology of cancer in the United States and Japan: preventive implications . Gann Monogr. Cancer Res. , 33 , 183 – 191 ( 1987. ). [Google Scholar]
  • 7. ) Narisawa , T. , Fukaura , Y. , Yazawa , K. , Ishikawa , C. , Isoda , Y. and Nishizawa , Y.Colon cancer prevention with a small amount of dietary perilla oil high in alphalinolenic acid in an animal model . Cancer , 73 , 2069 – 2075 ( 1994. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 8. ) Pell , J. D. , Brown , J. C. and Johnson , I. T.Polyunsaturated fatty acids of the n‐3 series influence intestinal crypt cell production in rats . Carcinogenesis , 15 , 1115 – 1119 ( 1994. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 9. ) Ito , N. and Fukushima , S.Promotion of urinary bladder carcinogenesis in experimental animals . Exp. Pathol. , 36 , 1 – 15 ( 1989. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 10. ) Fukushima , S. , Hirose , M. , Tsuda , H. , Shirai , T. , Hirao , K. , Arai , M. and Ito , N.Histological classification of urinary bladder cancers in rats induced by N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine . Gann , 67 , 81 – 90 ( 1976. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 11. ) Hsu , S. M. , Raine , L. and Fanger , H.Use of avidin‐biotin‐peroxidase complex (ABC) in immunoperoxidase techniques: a comparison between ABC and unlabeled antibody (PAP) procedures . J. Histochem. Cytochem. , 29 , 577 – 580 ( 1981. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 12. ) Shibata , M. , Yamada , M. , Asakawa , E. , Hagiwara , A. and Fukushima , S.Responses of rat urine and urothelium to bladder tumor promoters: possible roles of prostaglandin E2 and ascorbic acid synthesis in bladder carcinogenesis . Carcinogenesis , 10 , 1651 – 1656 ( 1989. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 13. ) Karmali , R. A.Prostaglandins and cancer . Ca Cancer J. Clin. , 33 , 322 – 332 ( 1983. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 14. ) Ip , C. , Carter , C. A. and Ip , M. M.Requirement of essential fatty acid for mammary tumorigenesis in the rat . Cancer Res. , 45 , 1997 – 2001 ( 1985. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 15. ) de Kok , T. M. C. M. , ten Vaarwerk , F. , Zwingman , I. , van Maanen , J. M. S. and Kleinjans , J. C. S.Peroxidation of lnoleic, arachidonic and oleic acid in relation to the induction of oxidative DNA damage and cytogenetic effects . Carcinogenesis , 15 , 1399 – 1404 ( 1994. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 16. ) Weitberg , A. B. and Corvese , D.Hydroxy‐ and hydroperoxy‐6,8,11,14‐eicosatetraenoic acids induced DNA strand breaks in human lymphocytes . Carcinogenesis , 10 , 1029 – 1031 ( 1989. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 17. ) Reddy , B. S. and Sugie , S.Effect of different levels of omega‐3 and omega‐6 fatty acids on azoxymethane‐induced colon carcinogenesis in F344 rats . Cancer Res. , 48 , 6642 – 6647 ( 1988. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 18. ) Govers , M. J. A. P. , Termont , D. S. M. L. and Van der Meer , R.Mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of milk mineral and other calcium supplements on colonic epithelium . Cancer Res. , 54 , 95 – 100 ( 1994. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 19. ) Hill , M. J. , Drasar , B. S. , Aries , V. , Crowther , J. S. , Hawksworth , G. and Williams , R. E. O.Bacteria and aetiology of cancer of large bowel . Lancet , i , 95 – 100 ( 1971. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 20. ) Lapre , J. A. and Van der Meer , R.Diet‐induced increase of colonic bile acids stimulates lytic activity of fecal water and proliferation of colonic cells . Carcinogenesis , 13 , 41 – 44 ( 1992. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 21. ) Chyou , P. H. , Nomura , A. M. and Stemmermann , G. N.A prospective study of diet, smoking, and lower urinary tract cancer . Ann. Epidemiol. , 3 , 211 – 216 ( 1993. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 22. ) Cohen , S. M. , Arai , M. , Jacobs , J. B. and Friedell , G. H.Promoting effect of saccharin and DL‐tryptophan in urinary bladder carcinogenesis . Cancer Res. , 39 , 1207 – 1217 ( 1979. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 23. ) Otoshi , T. , Iwata , H. , Yamamoto , S. , Murai , T. , Yamaguchi , S. , Matsui‐Yuasa , I. , Otani , S. and Fukushima , S.Severity of promotion by sodium salts of succinic acid in rat urinary bladder carcinogenesis correlates with sodium ion concentration under conditions of equal urinary pH . Carcinogenesis , 14 , 2277 – 2281 ( 1993. ). [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 24. ) Fukushima , S. , Imaida , K. , Shibata , M. , Tamano , S. , Kurata , Y. and Shirai , T.L‐Ascorbic acid amplification of second‐stage bladder carcinogenesis promotion by NaHCO3 . Cancer Res. , 48 , 6317 – 6320 ( 1988. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  • 25. ) Mori , S. , Kurata , Y. , Takeuchi , Y. , Toyama , M. , Makino , S. and Fukushima , S.Influences of strain and diet on the promoting effects of sodium L‐ascorbate in two‐stage urinary bladder carcinogenesis in rats . Cancer Res. , 47 , 3492 – 3495 ( 1987. ). [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Japanese Journal of Cancer Research : Gann are provided here courtesy of Wiley

RESOURCES