Fig. 1.

Differential effects of restraint stress on cued fear conditioning in pre-adolescent and adult rats. (A) Schematic of behavioral protocol. (B) Mean ± SE percent freezing to one CS tone and to the 30-s postshock period (POST) during training, to the 30-s pre-CS period (PRE) and to ten CS tones during extinction, and to the pre-CS period and two CS tones during extinction recall in pre-adolescent rats receiving one hour of restraint stress prior to fear conditioning (n = 9) or unstressed rats (n = 10). Pre-adolescents receiving restraint stress were deficient at extinguishing conditioned fear responses. (C) Mean ± SE percent freezing to one CS tone and postshock freezing during training, the pre-CS period and ten CS tones during extinction and the pre-CS period and two CS tones during extinction recall in adult rats receiving one hour of restraint stress prior to fear