(A) LC-MS traces of the reaction of ACS-7, ACS-7(E339A) single mutant, or ACS-7(E339A, S186A, S187A) triple mutant with IC-asc-C9, detecting IC-asc-C9-CoA. (B–C) LC-MS traces of the reaction of ACS-7, ACS-7 (E339A), or ACS-7 (E339A, S186A, S187A) with ICA, detecting IC-AMP (B) or IC-CoA (C). (D) Activity of ACS-7 in a coupled enzyme assay against a panel of substrates, including fatty acids (fatty acid-C7 and fatty acid-C9), ascarosides (asc-C7, asc-ΔC9, and asc-C9), IC-modified ascarosides (IC-asc-C5, IC-asc-C7, IC-asc-ΔC9, and IC-asc-C9), and ICA. Data represent the mean ± SD of three independent experiments.