Table 3.
Cytotoxicity of doxorubicin against CEM/ADR 5000 cells, either alone or in two-drug or three-drug combinations. The IC50 (μM) are presented as the mean ± SD. 0.3 < CI < 0.7 synergism (+ + +), 0.7–0.85 moderate synergism (+ +), 0.85–0.9 slight synergism (+). NR—not relevant. IB—isobologram. DRI—dose reduction indexes.
| Two-Drug Combinations | Three-Drug Combinations with Digitonin | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| IC50 of Dox | IB | DRI | CI | Interpretation | IC50 of Dox | IB | DRI | CI | Interpretation | |
| Doxorubicin alone | 92.59 ± 7.90 | 1.00 | NR | NR | 92.59 ± 7.90 | 1.00 | NR | NR | ||
| Dox + Capsaicin | ||||||||||
| 20 μM (IC10) | 64.73 ± 10.40 | syn | 1.43 | 0.86 | + | 39.87 ± 8.01 | syn | 2.32 | 0.59 | + + + |
| 30 μM (IC20) | 44.17 ± 7.78 | syn | 2.10 | 0.72 | + + | 28.84 ± 5.65 | syn | 3.21 | 0.55 | + + + |
| 50 μM (IC30) | 31.61 ± 9.56 | syn | 2.93 | 0.74 | + + | 19.10 ± 7.02 | syn | 4.85 | 0.60 | + + + |
| Dox + Piperine | ||||||||||
| 25 μM (IC10) | 62.85 ± 9.65 | syn | 1.47 | 0.88 | + | 23.39 ± 4.28 | syn | 3.96 | 0.46 | + + + |
| 30 μM (IC20) | 45.13 ± 7.92 | syn | 2.05 | 0.69 | + + + | 21.52 ± 1.02 | syn | 4.30 | 0.44 | + + + |
| 45 μM (IC30) | 41.02 ± 9.27 | syn | 2.26 | 0.65 | + + + | 8.54 ± 4.55 | syn | 10.84 | 0.30 | + + + |