Figure 1.

Robust and rapid bactericidal activity of ClyR against planktonic E. faecalis. (a) Lysis curves of ClyR against E. faecalis ATCC 51299. Bacterial cells are washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and mixed with various concentrations of ClyR (0, 12.5, 25, and 50 μg/mL), the decrease of OD₆₀₀ is monitored by a microplate reader for 30 min at 37 °C. (b) Dose-dependent killing efficacy of ClyR against E. faecalis ATCC51299. Bacterial cells are washed with PBS and treated with various concentrations of ClyR (0, 0.5, 2, 5, and 25 μg/mL) for 40 min at 37 °C, the viable cell number after each treatment is determined by plating on brain heart infusion (BHI) agar. (c) Time-dependent killing efficacy of ClyR against E. faecalis ATCC51299. Bacterial cells are washed with PBS and treated with 50 μg/mL of ClyR at 37 °C for different times (0, 0.5, 1, 5, and 15 min), the viable cell number after each treatment is determined by plating on BHI agar. (d) Susceptibility of multiple E. faecalis strains to ClyR. The result of each treatment is compared with that of the PBS-treated controls by Two-tailed Student’s t test. Data is shown as mean ± standard deviation, and * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001.