Figure 5.

Exudative age-related macular degeneration with parafoveal neovascular component localized inferiorly in the area of intraretinal hemorrhage. The area of atrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium in the macular and superior paramacular sites. The exact pathological mechanisms leading to the different forms of AMD are still unclear. Oxidative stress and inflammation seem to play a major role in both AMD and aging, leading to the formation of abnormal extracellular matrix. This event results in altered behavior of RPE choriocapillaries, ultimately leading to atrophy of the retina, RPE, and choriocapillaries, which is paralleled by neovascularization of the choroid.