Table 1.
Baseline characteristics at admission and labour interventions in the study populations
| Study | Year of publication | Ruptured membranes (%) | Effacement (median) | Effacement [p10 (%)] | Effacement [p90 (%)] | Cervical dilatation (median, cm) | Cervical dilatation (p10) | Cervical dilatation (p90) | Fetal station (median) | Fetal station (p10) | Fetal station (p90) | Vaginal exam/woman (median) | Vaginal exam/woman (p10) | Vaginal exam/woman (p90) | Amniotomy (%) | Oxytocin augmentation (%) | CS (%) | IVB (%) | Epidural (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nulliparous women (parity = 0) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Chen et al.23 | 1986 | — | — | — | — | 3.6c | +0.4c | — | — | — | — | — | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | ||
| Zhang et al.7 | 2002 | 35.0 | 100% effaced in 38% | — | — | 3.5 | 1.5 | 5.0 | — | — | — | 6 | 4 | 10 | — | 50.0 | 0.0 | 13.0 | 48.0 |
| Suzuki et al.24 | 2010 | — | — | — | — | 2.9c | — | 1.6d | — | — | — | 4 | — | — | — | 6.5 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Zhang et al.6 | 2010 | 29.0 | 85% | 50 | 100 | 3 | 1 | 6 | 0 | −2 | 1 | 6 | 3 | 11 | — | 20.0 | 0.2e | 73.0 | 4.0 |
| Zhang et al.21 | 2010 | — | 90% | 60 | 100 | 4 | 1 | 7 | −1 | −3 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 9 | — | 47.0 | 0 | 12.0 | 84.0 |
| Shi et al.22 | 2016 | 22.7 | 57% admitted at <3 cm | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 4 | 3 | 6 | 49.8 | 9.2 | 0.0 | 1.3 | — |
| OT Oladapo et al. (unpubl. data) | 2017 | 24.7 | 80% effaced in 42.4% | — | — | 4 | 2 | 6 | ≤−1 in 73.5% | — | — | 3 | 2 | 5 | — | 23.5 | 0.0 | 2.9 | 0.0 |
| Parous women (parity ≥ 1) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Zhang et al.a, 6 | 2010 | 26 | 80% | 45 | 100 | 3.5 | 2 | 7 | 0 | −2 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 9 | — | 12.0 | 0.02e | 45.0 | 5.5 |
| Zhang et al.b, 6 | 2010 | 27 | 75% | 30 | 100 | 3.5 | 1.5 | 6.5 | −1 | −3 | 1 | 5 | 2 | 9 | — | 12.0 | 0.05e | 24.0 | 4.0 |
| Zhang et al.a, 21 | 2010 | — | 90% | 50 | 100 | 4.5 | 2 | 8 | −1 | −3 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 9 | — | 45.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 77.0 |
| Zhang et al.b, 21 | 2010 | — | 80% | 50 | 100 | 5 | 2 | 8 | −2 | −3 | 0 | 4 | 1 | 7 | — | 45.0 | 0.0 | 2.0 | 71.0 |
| OT Oladapo et al. (unpubl. data)a | 2017 | 19.8 | 80% effaced in 49.5% | — | — | 4 | 2 | 6 | ≤−1 (in 71.0%) | — | — | 3 | 2 | 4 | — | 29.8 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 |
| OT Oladapo et al. (unpubl. data)b | 2017 | 21.5 | 80% effaced in 47.2% | — | — | 4 | 2 | 6 | ≤−1 (in 70.8%) | — | — | 3 | 2 | 4 | — | 26.7 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.0 |
IVB, instrumental vaginal birth.
a
Data only for parity = 1.
b
Data only for parity > 1.
c
Mean.
d
SD.
e
Second‐stage caesarean section (CS).
–, no data reported.