Figure 3. Effects of in ovo exposure to tamoxifen and 17α-ethinylestradiol on mortality, left and right gonad surface area, cortex thickness and percentage of seminiferous tubules of left gonad of embryos of the domestic fowl (Gallus g. domesticus).

Effects of in ovo exposure to tamoxifen (TAM, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 µg/g egg) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE₂, 20 ng/g egg) on mortality (A), left and right gonad surface area (B) and cortex thickness and percentage of seminiferous tubules of left gonad (C) of embryos of the domestic fowl (Gallus g. domesticus) on embryonic day 19. Statistical analysis by Fisher’s exact test (A), one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test or Kruskal-Wallis test with Dunn’s multiple comparison test (B, C). Grey background distinguishes the co-exposure to tamoxifen and EE₂. Lowercase indicates significant differences compared to the solvent control. Level of significance: a, p < 0.05; b, p < 0.01; c, p < 0.001.