Abstract
Effects of hot water extracts of oriental melon leaves (OML) on promotion of hair growth were investigated. Topical OML extract administration for hair regeneration was investigated using an in vivo model with C57BL/6 mice. Effects of OML extracts on the human hair growth were investigated using a hair follicle organ culture. OML extracts induced a shortened telogen to anagen conversion and promoted hair growth in the C57BL/6 mouse model. Culture of human hair follicles in the presence of OML extracts for 8 days promoted hair growth and prolonged the anagen duration due to induction of hair follicle cell proliferation in the bulb region. OML extracts exert a hair growth promotion effect and, therefore, can be used as a therapeutic agent for prevention of hair loss.
Keywords: oriental melon leaf, C57BL/6 mouse model, hair follicle organ culture, hair growth, hair cycle
References
- 1.Stenn KS, Paus R. Controls of hair follicle cycling. Physiol. Rev. 2001;81:449–494. doi: 10.1152/physrev.2001.81.1.449. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2.Krause K, Foitzik K. Biology of the hair follicle: The basics. Semin. Cutan. Med. Surg. 2006;25:2–10. doi: 10.1016/j.sder.2006.01.002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3.Danilenko DM, Ring BD, Pierce GF. Growth factors and cytokines in hair follicle development and cycling: Recent insights from animal models and the potentials for clinical therapy. Mol. Med. Today. 1996;2:460–467. doi: 10.1016/1357-4310(96)10045-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4.Ando Y, Yamaguchi Y, Hamada K, Yoshikawa K, Itami S. Expression of mRNA for androgen receptor, 5alpha-reductase and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in human dermal papilla cells. Brit. J. Dermatol. 1999;141:840–845. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2133.1999.03156.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 5.Foitzik K, Lindner G, Mueller-Roever S, Maurer M, Botchkareva N, Botchkarev V, Handjiski B, Metz M, Hibino T, Soma T, Dotto GP, Paus R. Control of murine hair follicle regression (catagen) by TGF-beta1 in vivo. FASEB J. 2000;14:752–760. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.14.5.752. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 6.Rebora A. Pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2004;50:777–779. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2003.11.073. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 7.Cowper SE, Rosenberg AS, Morgan MB. An investigation of apoptosis in androgenetic alopecia. Am. J. Dermatopath. 2002;24:204–208. doi: 10.1097/00000372-200206000-00003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 8.Price VH. Treatment of hair loss. New Engl. J. Med. 1999;341:964–973. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199909233411307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 9.Sawaya ME, Blume-Peytavi U, Mullins DL, Nusbaum BP, Whiting D, Nicholson DW, Lotocki G, Keane RW. Effects of finasteride on apoptosis and regulation of the human hair cycle. J. Cutan. Med. Surg. 2002;6:1–9. doi: 10.1007/s10227-001-0024-y. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 10.Park HJ, Zhang N, Park DK. Topical application of Polygonum multiflorum extract induces hair growth of resting hair follicles through upregulating Shh and beta-catenin expression in C57BL/6 mice. J. Ethnopharmacol. 2011;135:369–375. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.03.028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 11.Kang JI, Kim SC, Hyun JH, Kang JH, Park DB, Lee YJ, Yoo ES, Kang HK. Promotion effect of Schisandra nigra on the growth of hair. Eur. J. Dermatol. 2009;19:119–125. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2008.0577. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 12.Rho SS, Park SJ, Hwang SL, Lee MH, Kim CD, Lee IH, Chang SY, Rang MJ. The hair growth promoting effect of Asiasari radix extract and its molecular regulation. J. Dermatol. Sci. 2005;38:89–97. doi: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2004.12.025. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 13.Matsuda H, Yamazaki M, Asanuma Y, Kubo M. Promotion of hair growth by ginseng radix on cultured mouse vibrissal hair follicles. Phytother. Res. 2003;17:797–800. doi: 10.1002/ptr.1241. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 14.Kim SC, Kang JI, Kim MK, Hyun JH, Boo HJ, Park DB, Lee YJ, Yoo ES, Kim YH, Kim YH, Kang HK. Promotion effect of norgalanthamine, a component of Crinum asiaticum, on hair growth. Eur. J. Dermatol. 2010;20:42–48. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2010.0807. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 15.Murata K, Noguchi K, Kondo M, Onishi M, Watanabe N, Okamura K, Matsuda H. Promotion of hair growth by Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract. Phytother. Res. 2013;27:212–217. doi: 10.1002/ptr.4712. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 16.Zhang NN, Park DK, Park HJ. Hair growth-promoting activity of hot water extract of Thuja orientalis. BMC Complem. Altern. Med. 2013;13:9. doi: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-9. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 17.Junlatat J, Sripanidkulchai B. Hair growth-promoting effect of Carthamus tinctorius floret extract. Phytother. Res. 2014;28:1030–1036. doi: 10.1002/ptr.5100. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 18.Park I, Kim J, Lee J, Kim S, Cho O, Yang K, Ahn J, Nahm S, Kim H. Development of SSR markers by next-generation sequencing of Korean landraces of chamoe (Cucumis melo var. makuwa). Mol. Biol. Rep. 2013;40:6855–6862. doi: 10.1007/s11033-013-2803-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 19.Guo JX, Kimura T, Paul PHB, Sung CK. International Collation of Traditional and Folk Medicine. Hackensack, NJ, USA: World Scientific Publishing; 2001. pp. 64–65. [Google Scholar]
- 20.Shin YS, Lee JE, Yeon IK, Do HW, Cheung JD, Kang CK, Choi SY, Youn SJ, Cho JG, Kwoen DJ. Antioxidant and antimicrobial effects of extract with water and ethanol of oriental melon (Cucumis melo L. var makuwa Makino). Appl. Biol. Chem. 2008;51:194–199. [Google Scholar]
- 21.Shin YS, Lee JE, Yeon IK, Do HW, Cheung JD, Kang CK, Choi SY, Youn SJ, Cho JG, Kwoen DJ. Antioxidant effects and tyrosinase inhibition activity of oriental melon (Cucumis melo L.var makuwa Makino) extracts. J. Life Sci. 2008;18:963–967. doi: 10.5352/JLS.2008.18.7.963. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- 22.Kim HS, Ku KM, Shh JK, Kang YH. Quinone reductase inductive activity and growth inhibitory effect against hepatoma cell of oriental melon extract. J. Bio-Environ. Control. 2009;18:448–453. [Google Scholar]
- 23.Muller-Rover S, Handjiski B, van der Veen C, Eichmuller S, Foitzik K, McKay IA, Stenn KS, Paus R. A comprehensive guide for the accurate classification of murine hair follicles in distinct hair cycle stages. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2001;117:3–15. doi: 10.1046/j.0022-202x.2001.01377.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 24.Philpott MP, Sanders D, Westgate GE, Kealey T. Human hair growth in vitro: A model for the study of hair follicle biology. J. Dermatol. Sci. 1994;7:S55–S72. doi: 10.1016/0923-1811(94)90036-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 25.Ito T, Ito N, Saathoff M, Bettermann A, Takigawa M, Paus R. Interferon-gamma is a potent inducer of catagen-like changes in cultured human anagen hair follicles. Brit. J. Dermatol. 2005;152:623–631. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06453.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 26.Kligman AM. The human hair cycle. J. Invest. Dermatol. 1959;33:307–316. doi: 10.1038/jid.1959.156. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 27.Pi LQ, Jin XH, Hwang ST, Lee WS. Effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide on the immune privilege of human hair follicles. Neuropeptides. 2013;47:51–57. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2012.07.008. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 28.Ahn SY, Pi LQ, Hwang ST, Lee WS. Effect of IGF-I on hair growth is related to the anti-apoptotic effect of IGF-I and up-regulation of PDGF-A and PDGF-B. Ann. Dermatol. 2012;24:26–31. doi: 10.5021/ad.2012.24.1.26. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 29.Schneider MR, Schmidt-Ullrich R, Paus R. The hair follicle as a dynamic miniorgan. Curr. Biol. 2009;19:R132–R142. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2008.12.005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]