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. 2018 Jun 29;(6):e26203. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.6.e26203

Species conservation profiles of a random sample of world spiders II: Gnaphosidae to Nemesiidae

Sini Seppälä 1,2, Sérgio Henriques 3,2, Michael L Draney 4,2, Stefan Foord 5,2, Alastair T Gibbons 6,2, Luz A Gomez 7,2, Sarah Kariko 8,2, Jagoba Malumbres-Olarte 9,2,10, Marc Milne 11,2, Cor J Vink 12,2, Pedro Cardoso 1,2,✉
PMCID: PMC6065607  PMID: 30065606

Abstract Abstract

Background

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the most widely used information source on the extinction risk of species. One of the uses of the Red List is to evaluate and monitor the state of biodiversity and a possible approach for this purpose is the Red List Index (RLI). For many taxa, mainly hyperdiverse groups, it is not possible within available resources to assess all known species. In such cases, a random sample of species might be selected for assessment and the results derived from it extrapolated for the entire group - the Sampled Red List Index (SRLI). The current contribution is the second in four papers that will constitute the baseline of a future spider SRLI encompassing 200 species distributed across the world.

New information

A sample of 200 species of spiders were randomly selected from the World Spider Catalogue, an updated global database containing all recognised species names for the group. The 200 selected species where divided taxonomically at the family level and the familes were ordered alphabetically. In this publication, we present the conservation profiles of 45 species belonging to the families alphabetically arranged between Gnaphosidae and Nemesiidae, which encompassed Gnaphosidae, Idiopidae, Linyphiidae, Liocranidae, Lycosidae, Micropholcommatidae, Mysmenidae and Nemesiidae.

Keywords: Araneae , Arthropoda , conservation, endangered species, extinction risk, geographical range, IUCN.

Introduction

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the most widely used information source on the extinction risk of species (Lamoreux et al. 2003, Rodrigues et al. 2006, Mace et al. 2008, see also Cardoso et al. 2011, Cardoso et al. 2012). It is based on a number of objective criteria, which are relatively easy to apply when adequate information is available (IUCN 2001). The Red List has been used to raise awareness about threatened species, guide conservation efforts and funding, set priorities for protection, measure site irreplaceability and vulnerability and influence environmental policies and legislation (Gardenfors et al. 2001, Rodrigues et al. 2006, Mace et al. 2008, Martín-López et al. 2009).

One of the uses of the Red List is to evaluate and monitor the state of biodiversity and a possible approach for this purpose is the Red List Index (RLI). The RLI helps to develop a better understanding of which taxa, regions or ecosystems are declining or improving their conservation status. It provides policy-makers, stakeholders, conservation practitioners and the general public with sound knowledge of biodiversity status and change and tools with which to make informed decisions. The RLI uses weight scores based on the Red List status of each of the assessed species. These scores range from 0 (Least Concern) to 5 (Extinct/Extinct in the Wild). Summing these scores across all species, relating them to the worst-case scenario - all species extinct and comparing two or more points in time, gives us an indication of how biodiversity is doing. At a global level, the RLI has been calculated for birds (Butchart et al. 2004, Hoffmann et al. 2010), mammals (Hoffmann et al. 2011), amphibians (Hoffmann et al. 2010), corals (Butchart et al. 2010) and cycads (United Nations 2015).

For many taxa, mainly hyperdiverse groups, it is not possible within available resources to assess all known species. In such cases, a random sample of species might be selected for assessment and the results derived from it extrapolated for the entire group - the Sampled Red List Index (SRLI, Baillie et al. 2008). The SRLI is now being developed for plants (Brummitt et al. 2015) and efforts towards a SRLI of butterflies (Lewis and Senior 2010) and Odonata are also in progress (Clausnitzer et al. 2009).

Spiders currently comprise over 47000 species described at a global level (World Spider Catalog 2017). Of these, only 199 species (0.4%) have beed assessed (www.redlist.org), of which the vast majority are from the Seychelles Islands or belong to the golden-orb weavers, Nephilidae (e.g. Kuntner et al. 2017). To these, a large number will be added in the near future, such as 55 species endemic to the Madeira and Selvagens archipelagos and 25 endemic to the Azores, all in Portugal (Cardoso et al. 2017, Borges et al. submitted). The vast majority of spiders assessed to date are therefore either regionally or taxonomically clustered and do not represent the group as a whole. The current contribution is the second in four papers (Seppälä et al. 2018) that will constitute the baseline of a future spider SRLI encompassing 200 species distributed across the world.

Methods

A sample of 200 species of spiders were randomly selected from the World Spider Catalogue (2018), an updated global database containing all recognised species names for the group. The 200 selected species where divided taxonomically to the family level, and those familes were ordered alphabetically. In this publication, we present the conservation profiles of 45 species belonging to the families alphabetically arranged between Gnaphosidae and Nemesiidae, which encompassed Gnaphosidae, Idiopidae, Linyphiidae, Liocranidae, Lycosidae, Micropholcommatidae, Mysmenidae and Nemesiidae.

Species data were collected from all taxonomic bibliography available at the World Spider Catalogue (2018), complemented by data in other publications found through Google Scholar and georeferrenced points made available through the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (www.gbif.org) and also other sources (https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org; https://login.webofknowledge.com; http://srs.britishspiders.org.uk; http://symbiota4.acis.ufl.edu/scan/portal; https://lepus.unine.ch; http://www.tuite.nl/iwg/Araneae/SpiBenelux/?species; https://atlas.arages.de; https://arachnology.cz/rad/araneae-1.html; http://www.ennor.org/iberia/). Whenever possible, with each species record, we also collected additional information, namely habitat type and spatial error of coordinates.

For all analyses, we used the R package red - IUCN red-listing tools (Cardoso 2017). This package performs a number of spatial analyses based on either observed occurrences or estimated ranges. Functions include calculating Extent of Occurrence (EOO), Area of Occupancy (AOO), mapping species ranges, species distribution modelling using climate and land cover, calculating the Red List Index for groups of species, amongst others. In this work, the EOO and AOO were calculated in one of two ways:

- for extremely range-restricted species for which we assumed knowledge of the full range, these values were classified as observed, the minimum convex polygon encompassing all observations used to calculate the EOO and the 2 km x 2 km cells known to be occupied used to calculate the AOO. When the EOO was smaller than the AOO, it was made equal as per the IUCN guidelines (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017).

- for widespread species or those for which we did not have confidence to know the full range, we performed species distribution modelling (SDM). This was done based on both climatic (Fick and Hijmans 2017) and landcover (Tuanmu and Jetz 2014) datasets, at an approximately 1x1 km resolution. Before modelling, the world layers were cropped to the region of interest for each species and reduced to four layers through a PCA to avoid overfitting. In addition, latitude and longitude were used as two extra layers to avoid the models predicting presences much beyond the known region following the precautionary principle. We then used the Maxent method (Phillips et al. 2006) implemented in the R package red. Isolated patches outside the original distribution polygon were excluded from maps to avoid overestimation of EOO and AOO values. All final maps and values were checked and validated by our own expert opinion. KMLs derived from these maps were also produced using the red package. The cells (2x2 km), predicted to be occupied, were used to calculate the AOO. When the EOO was smaller than the AOO, it was made equal as per the IUCN guidelines (IUCN Standards and Petitions Subcommittee 2017).

To infer possible changes in range and/or abundance and for forest species only, we have also consulted the Global Forest Watch portal (World Resources Institute 2014), looking for changes in forest cover during the last 10 years that could have affected the species.

Supplementary Material

Supplementary material 1

Distribution of Berlandina kolosvaryi Caporiacco, 1947

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_174617.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s001.kml (4.1KB, kml)
Supplementary material 2

Distribution of Drassyllus excavatus (Schenkel, 1963)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170265.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s002.kml (10.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 3

Distribution of Gnaphosa kankhalae Biswas & Roy, 2008

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170269.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s003.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 4

Distribution of Gnaphosa tenebrosa Fox, 1938

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170270.kml

Supplementary material 5

Distribution of Leptodrassus croaticus Dalmas, 1919

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170271.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s005.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 6

Distribution of Orodrassus coloradensis (Emerton, 1877)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_195709.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s006.kml (198.2KB, kml)
Supplementary material 7

Distribution of Scotophaeus nigrosegmentatus (Simon, 1895)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170273.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s007.kml (14.4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 8

Distribution of Urozelotes mysticus Platnick & Murphy, 1984

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_195708.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s008.kml (7.5KB, kml)
Supplementary material 9

Distribution of Zelotes anthereus Chamberlin, 1936

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170275.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s009.kml (188KB, kml)
Supplementary material 10

Distribution of Zelotes ashae Tikader & Gajbe, 1976

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170276.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s010.kml (10.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 11

Distribution of Zelotes mulanjensis FitzPatrick, 2007

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170279.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s011.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 12

Distribution of Cantuaria wanganuiensis (Todd, 1945)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170280.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s012.kml (7.6KB, kml)
Supplementary material 13

Distribution of Cataxia bolganupensis (Main, 1985)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170281.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s013.kml (2.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 14

Distribution of Galeosoma robertsi Hewitt, 1916

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170282.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s014.kml (378.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 15

Distribution of Agyneta flibuscrocus Dupérré, 2013

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_199077.kml

Supplementary material 16

Distribution of Agyneta mongolica (Loksa, 1965)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170284.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s016.kml (121.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 17

Distribution of Ceratinella brunnea Emerton, 1882

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170285.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s017.kml (316.8KB, kml)
Supplementary material 18

Distribution of Mansuphantes ovalis (Tanasevitch, 1987)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170286.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s018.kml (318.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 19

Distribution of Parafroneta marrineri (Hogg, 1909)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170287.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s019.kml (2.4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 20

Distribution of Pelecopsis alticola (Berland, 1936)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_212566.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s020.kml (81.2KB, kml)
Supplementary material 21

Distribution of Pelecopsis parallela (Wider, 1834)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_212565.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s021.kml (1.7MB, kml)
Supplementary material 22

Distribution of Scotinotylus sacer (Crosby, 1929)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170291.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s022.kml (920.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 23

Distribution of Tapinocyba suganamii Saito & Ono, 2001

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170292.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s023.kml (131.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 24

Distribution of Tiso aestivus (L. Koch, 1872)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170293.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s024.kml (530.6KB, kml)
Supplementary material 25

Distribution of Troxochrus triangularis Tanasevitch, 2013

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_195707.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s025.kml (156KB, kml)
Supplementary material 26

Distribution of Arabelia pheidoleicomes Bosselaers, 2009

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170295.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s026.kml (42.6KB, kml)
Supplementary material 27

Distribution of Neoanagraphis pearcei Gertsch, 1941

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170296.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s027.kml (34.8KB, kml)
Supplementary material 28

Distribution of Arctosa villica (Lucas, 1846)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_199025.kml

Supplementary material 29

Distribution of Hippasa greenalliae (Blackwall, 1867)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170298.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s029.kml (52.7KB, kml)
Supplementary material 30

Distribution of Hogna exsiccatella (Strand, 1916)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170299.kml

Supplementary material 31

Distribution of Hogna kankunda Roewer, 1959

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170300.kml

Supplementary material 32

Distribution of Lycosa fuscana Pocock, 1901

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170301.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s032.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 33

Distribution of Lycosa goliathus Pocock, 1901

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170302.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s033.kml (10.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 34

Distribution of Lycosa iranii Pococks, 1901

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170303.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s034.kml (472.1KB, kml)
Supplementary material 35

Distribution of Pardosa izabella Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170304.kml

Supplementary material 36

Distribution of Pardosa kupupa (Tikader, 1970)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_195706.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s036.kml (182.5KB, kml)
Supplementary material 37

Distribution of Pardosa novitatis (Strand, 1916)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170306.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s037.kml (7.4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 38

Distribution of Pardosa pusiola (Thorell, 1891)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_199024.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s038.kml (132KB, kml)
Supplementary material 39

Distributon of Pardosa sinensis in, Wang, Peng & Xie, 1995

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_212567.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s039.kml (7.4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 40

Distribution of Schizocosa avida (Walckenaer, 1837)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170310.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s040.kml (179.8KB, kml)
Supplementary material 41

Distribution of Trochosa longa Qu, Peng & Yin, 2010

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170311.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s041.kml (14.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 42

Distribution of Zenonina fusca Caporiacco, 1941

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170312.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s042.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 43

Distribution of Pua novaezealandiae Forster, 1959

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170313.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s043.kml (1.1MB, kml)
Supplementary material 44

Distribution of Mosu huogou Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170314.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s044.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 45

Distribution of Calisoga sacra Chamberlin, 1937

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170315.kml

Acknowledgements

We thank Robert Bosmans for providing unpublished information. Paulo Borges, Nicola Mumford and Rogerio Bertani reviewed and provided useful advice on previous versions of the manuscript. Paula Cushing helped organising a red-listing workshop during the XXth International Congress of Arachnology, Golden, Colorado, July 2016, where this project started. The Chicago Zoological Society CBOT Endangered Species Fund made such workshop possible through targeted funding.

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Associated Data

This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.

Supplementary Materials

Supplementary material 1

Distribution of Berlandina kolosvaryi Caporiacco, 1947

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_174617.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s001.kml (4.1KB, kml)
Supplementary material 2

Distribution of Drassyllus excavatus (Schenkel, 1963)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170265.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s002.kml (10.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 3

Distribution of Gnaphosa kankhalae Biswas & Roy, 2008

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170269.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s003.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 4

Distribution of Gnaphosa tenebrosa Fox, 1938

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170270.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s004.kml (4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 5

Distribution of Leptodrassus croaticus Dalmas, 1919

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170271.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s005.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 6

Distribution of Orodrassus coloradensis (Emerton, 1877)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_195709.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s006.kml (198.2KB, kml)
Supplementary material 7

Distribution of Scotophaeus nigrosegmentatus (Simon, 1895)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170273.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s007.kml (14.4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 8

Distribution of Urozelotes mysticus Platnick & Murphy, 1984

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_195708.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s008.kml (7.5KB, kml)
Supplementary material 9

Distribution of Zelotes anthereus Chamberlin, 1936

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170275.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s009.kml (188KB, kml)
Supplementary material 10

Distribution of Zelotes ashae Tikader & Gajbe, 1976

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170276.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s010.kml (10.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 11

Distribution of Zelotes mulanjensis FitzPatrick, 2007

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170279.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s011.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 12

Distribution of Cantuaria wanganuiensis (Todd, 1945)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170280.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s012.kml (7.6KB, kml)
Supplementary material 13

Distribution of Cataxia bolganupensis (Main, 1985)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170281.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s013.kml (2.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 14

Distribution of Galeosoma robertsi Hewitt, 1916

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170282.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s014.kml (378.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 15

Distribution of Agyneta flibuscrocus Dupérré, 2013

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_199077.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s015.kml (4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 16

Distribution of Agyneta mongolica (Loksa, 1965)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170284.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s016.kml (121.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 17

Distribution of Ceratinella brunnea Emerton, 1882

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170285.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s017.kml (316.8KB, kml)
Supplementary material 18

Distribution of Mansuphantes ovalis (Tanasevitch, 1987)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170286.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s018.kml (318.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 19

Distribution of Parafroneta marrineri (Hogg, 1909)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170287.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s019.kml (2.4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 20

Distribution of Pelecopsis alticola (Berland, 1936)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_212566.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s020.kml (81.2KB, kml)
Supplementary material 21

Distribution of Pelecopsis parallela (Wider, 1834)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_212565.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s021.kml (1.7MB, kml)
Supplementary material 22

Distribution of Scotinotylus sacer (Crosby, 1929)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170291.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s022.kml (920.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 23

Distribution of Tapinocyba suganamii Saito & Ono, 2001

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170292.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s023.kml (131.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 24

Distribution of Tiso aestivus (L. Koch, 1872)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170293.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s024.kml (530.6KB, kml)
Supplementary material 25

Distribution of Troxochrus triangularis Tanasevitch, 2013

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_195707.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s025.kml (156KB, kml)
Supplementary material 26

Distribution of Arabelia pheidoleicomes Bosselaers, 2009

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170295.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s026.kml (42.6KB, kml)
Supplementary material 27

Distribution of Neoanagraphis pearcei Gertsch, 1941

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170296.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s027.kml (34.8KB, kml)
Supplementary material 28

Distribution of Arctosa villica (Lucas, 1846)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_199025.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s028.kml (74KB, kml)
Supplementary material 29

Distribution of Hippasa greenalliae (Blackwall, 1867)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170298.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s029.kml (52.7KB, kml)
Supplementary material 30

Distribution of Hogna exsiccatella (Strand, 1916)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170299.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s030.kml (4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 31

Distribution of Hogna kankunda Roewer, 1959

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170300.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s031.kml (4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 32

Distribution of Lycosa fuscana Pocock, 1901

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170301.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s032.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 33

Distribution of Lycosa goliathus Pocock, 1901

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170302.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s033.kml (10.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 34

Distribution of Lycosa iranii Pococks, 1901

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170303.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s034.kml (472.1KB, kml)
Supplementary material 35

Distribution of Pardosa izabella Chamberlin & Ivie, 1942

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170304.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s035.kml (4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 36

Distribution of Pardosa kupupa (Tikader, 1970)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_195706.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s036.kml (182.5KB, kml)
Supplementary material 37

Distribution of Pardosa novitatis (Strand, 1916)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170306.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s037.kml (7.4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 38

Distribution of Pardosa pusiola (Thorell, 1891)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_199024.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s038.kml (132KB, kml)
Supplementary material 39

Distributon of Pardosa sinensis in, Wang, Peng & Xie, 1995

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_212567.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s039.kml (7.4KB, kml)
Supplementary material 40

Distribution of Schizocosa avida (Walckenaer, 1837)

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170310.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s040.kml (179.8KB, kml)
Supplementary material 41

Distribution of Trochosa longa Qu, Peng & Yin, 2010

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170311.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s041.kml (14.3KB, kml)
Supplementary material 42

Distribution of Zenonina fusca Caporiacco, 1941

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170312.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s042.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 43

Distribution of Pua novaezealandiae Forster, 1959

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170313.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s043.kml (1.1MB, kml)
Supplementary material 44

Distribution of Mosu huogou Miller, Griswold & Yin, 2009

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170314.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s044.kml (3.9KB, kml)
Supplementary material 45

Distribution of Calisoga sacra Chamberlin, 1937

Cardoso, P.

Data type: Distribution

File: oo_170315.kml

bdj-06-e26203-s045.kml (4KB, kml)

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