Table 4.
Glucose metabolism during hyperglycemic clamp.
| Normal-Control (n = 10) | Control (n = 10) | Positive-Control (n = 10) | AGM-L (n = 10) | AGM-H (n = 10) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Serum glucose levels at 60 min (mM) | 9.8 ± 0.9 c | 17.7 ± 1.4 a | 14.6 ± 1.7 b | 15.1 ± 1.6 b | 15.1 ± 1.1 b |
| Serum glucose levels at 90 min (mM) | 9.9 ± 0.9 c | 18.3 ± 1.7 a | 15.6 ± 1.7 b | 15.2 ± 1.3 b | 14.6 ± 1.2 b |
| Serum insulin levels at 2 min (ng/mL) | 6.2 ± 0.6 a | 3.2 ± 0.5 d | 4.0 ± 0.4 c | 4.6 ± 0.5 b | 3.7 ± 0.4 c |
| Serum insulin levels at 60 min (ng/mL) | 5.1 ± 0.4 a | 2.5 ± 0.4 d | 3.7 ± 0.3 b,c | 4.1 ± 0.5 b | 3.3 ± 0.6 c |
| Glucose infusion rates (umol/kg bw/min) | 59.4 ± 3.9 a | 26.1 ± 2.8 d | 35.6 ± 3.9 c | 32.8 ± 4.4 c | 43.9 ± 3.9 b |
| Insulin sensitivity at hyperglycemic state (µmol glucose min−1 100 g−1 per µmol insulin/L) | 33.3 ± 3.9 a | 19.8 ± 2.4 d | 25.8 ± 2.9 c | 23.4 ± 2.6 c | 28.9 ± 3.3 b |
Values are means ± standard deviation (n = 10 of each group). The test product was the mixture of free-dried aronia, red ginseng, mushroom and nattokinase. Px rats fed a high fat diet supplemented with (1) 0.5 g mixture/kg bw/day (AGM-L), (2) 1 g mixture/kg bw/day (AGM-H), (3) 1 g dextrin /kg bw/day (control), or (4) metformin (120 mg/kg body weight; positive-control) for 12 weeks. Sham-operated rats (normal-control) fed the same diet of the control. a,b,c,d Values on the same row with different superscripts were significantly different at p < 0.05.