Table 3.

Models used to determine human exposure levels to phthalates but using different input and different methods.

Models	PBPK Model	SHEDS	ExpoCast from Wambaugh et al. (2014),b
Model form	Reverse dosimetry	Monte Carlo-based	Heuristic
		Mechanistic (e.g., human behavior, exposure equations) High-Throughput	High-Throughput
Input data	NHANES data	Consumer product chemical weight fractions	Has industrial and consumer use
	Physiological and Physicochemical properties	Consumer product use patterns	Is a pesticide inert
		Chemical properties	Is a pesticide active
		Food and drinking water concentrations	Has industrial use but no consumer
		U.S. Census data	use
		Food, drinking, and activity diariesa
Output data	Estimation of population exposure intakes
Regulatory Use	Screening chemicals
	Evaluating chemicals
	Classifying chemicals for more toxicity testing
Metabolites analyzed	MEHP	MnBP	MEHP
	5OH-MEHP		MnBP
	5CX-MEPP
	5OXO-MEHP
	MnBP

^aInformation adapted from Isaacs et al., (2014) (Fig. 1).

^bValues were taken from Wambaugh et al. (2014)