Figure 4. T. maculipennis from the Polish Antarctic Arctowski Station, Admiralty Bay (photo: E Krzemińska (A–D, G) and E Przepiórka (E–F)).

Various stages of female maturity: young female with eggs not fully developed yet (A); a mature female filled with ripe eggs (B); and old female devoid of eggs (C). (D) striped abdomen, posterior margins of segments are lighter. (E) a female on snow, in vicinity of the sewage. (F) swarming on the substrate surface. (G) larvae: on the left, a possibly third instar, remaining larvae are fourth instars in various sizes; note the dark brown color gradually developing together with age (size) from left to right.