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. 2018 Jun 23;23(7):1517. doi: 10.3390/molecules23071517

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Animal weight and alveolar bone analysis. Eight-week-old male germ-free (GF) and specific pathogen-free (SPF) mice were weighed after isoflurane anesthesia, and then alveolar bones were harvested for micro- micro computed tomography (CT) analysis. (a) The weight of SPF mice was significantly greater than that of GF mice. * p < 0.05, t-test (n = 4/group). (b) 3D micro-CT image of root furcation area of the first molar. Left: GF; right: SPF. (c) Analysis of micro-CT volumetric parameters: bone mineral density (BMD), bone volume fraction (BV/TV), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), trabecular number (Th.N), trabecular separation (Tb.Sp). * p < 0.05, t-test (n = 4/group).