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. 2018 Nov;182:299–311. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.07.043

Fig. 5.

Fig. 5

Functional validation of organoids. (A) Albumin secretion rate of IH-ICC vs. 2D (N = 8). (B) Basal metabolic activity of Cytochrome P450 isoforms CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 in IH-ICC vs 2D (N = 8). RLU, relative luminescence unit. (C) Confocal micrographs showing expression of hepatocyte polarity markers (MRP2, ZO-1, CD26 and Pan-Cadherin) in IH-ICC organoids. Scale bar, 50 μm. White arrowhead points to apical region. (D) Accumulation of Cholyl-L-lysyl-fluorescein (CLS) in IH-ICC organoids after 40 min of CLF incubation followed by 40 min of washing. White arrowhead points to the CLF accumulation. (E) Effect of adding Troglitazone (TGZ) to CLS retention in IH-ICC (N = 4). (F) A list of uniquely upregulated genes in IH-ICC vs 2D that involved in establishment and maintenance of cell polarity. FC, fold change. (G) The STRING functional network predicted the associations between proteins (nodes) from regulated genes involved in cell polarity in IH-ICC. The cluster analysis was performed using KMEANS clustering algorithms. Mean ± sd, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.005; ***p < 0.0005; ****p < 0.0001; ns nonsignificant.