Abstract
The quality check and determination of permitted and non-permitted additive colors in food products is very important for customer׳s right protection and health. This survey was undertaken to demonstrate the frequently use of additive colors and products targeted to color adulteration in Iranian foods and beverages. From the 1120 of the samples, 18.86% contained artificial colors, 11.89% contained natural colors and 69.25% of samples had no additive colors. Tartrazine (E102) was the only non-permitted artificial dye used in samples. Among products with additive colors, only 4.38% of samples failed to meet with national Iranian standard and 61.23% of non-compliance samples were from non-industrial sectors and mostly were saffron and food containing saffron such as saffron rock candy and saffron chicken. These places and products quality are main the concern to solve the color adulteration in Iranian food market.
Keywords: Artificial additive colors, Natural additives colors, Permitted colors, Non-permitted colors
Specifications Table
| Subject area | Chemistry |
| More specific subject area | Food chemistry |
| Type of data | Tables |
| How data was acquired | The data were collected from Kimia Test Fam Laboratory, Tehran, Iran during the years of 2011–2015 |
| Data format | Raw, Analyzed |
| Experimental factors | The mentioned parameters above, in abstract section, were analyzed according to the standard methods. |
| Experimental features | The food additive colors in various food products were determined. |
| Data source location | Tehran province, Iran |
| Data accessibility | The data is with this article and supplemented excel file |
Value of the data
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•
The dataset shows the amount of additive colors in local food and beverage products.
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•
The dataset signifies the amount of permitted and non-permitted colors under Iranian laws.
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The dataset of this article identifies products with non-authorized colors, which can be useful for other investigators working in area of quality assurance of foods.
1. Data
The dataset provided here (Table 1, Table 2, Table 3) demonstrate the distribution of artificial and natural colors in samples, the distribution of artificial colors and non-compliance products with authorized and non-authorized colors according to Iranian national standard.
Table 1.
Distribution of artificial and natural colors in products.
| Category | Sample analyzed | Samples containing food colors |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Artificial color | Natural color | ||
| Energy-Drink | 83 | 71.08 | 28.92 |
| Soft-drink | 41 | 58.70 | 41.30 |
| Candy/Gummy-candy | 49 | 67.35 | 28.57 |
| Chewing Gum | 37 | 61.16 | 29.73 |
| Saffron | 72 | 13.89 | 1.39 |
| Fruit drink powder | 13 | 53.33 | 26.67 |
| Rock-candy | 46 | 13.04 | 17.39 |
| Pastry/ready cake powder | 34 | 17.65 | 11.76 |
| Saffron Chicken | 11 | 27.27 | 18.18 |
| Edible ices | 5 | 100 | 0 |
| Snack | 5 | 100 | 0 |
| Fruit-drink | 122 | 2.46 | 2.46 |
| Syrup | 17 | 16.67 | 55.56 |
| Jelly | 14 | 78.57 | 14.29 |
| Chocolate/ice cream powder | 5 | 40 | 20 |
| Fruit-juice /fruit syrup | 81 | 2.47 | 1.23 |
| Sweet cream | 8 | 0 | 87.50 |
| Vinegar/vinegar drink | 15 | 0 | 73.33 |
| Ketchup sauce | 19 | 5.26 | 0 |
| Pomegranate sauce | 6 | 0 | 33.33 |
| Canned | 41 | 0 | 22.44 |
| Rusk powder | 2 | 50 | 50 |
| Cooked meat | 3 | 33.33 | 0 |
| Other products | 391 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 1120 | 18.86 | 11.89 |
Table 2.
Distribution of artificial colors in products.
| Category | E104% | E110% | E122% | E124% | E129% | E133% | E102% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Energy-Drink | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.2 | 0 | 1.2 |
| Soft-drink | 24.39 | 17.07 | 2.44 | 0 | 29.27 | 19.51 | 0 |
| Candy/Gummy-Candy | 8.16 | 8.16 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2.04 | 0 |
| Chewing Gum | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 | 0 |
| Saffron | 1.39 | 4.17 | 11.11 | 4.17 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fruit drink powder | 23.08 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 46.15 | 23.08 | 0 |
| Rock-candy | 13.04 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Pastry/ready cake Powder | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.14 | 0 | 0 |
| Saffron Chicken | 0 | 18.18 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 27.27 |
| Edible ices | 20 | 20 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 40 | 0 |
| Snack | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fruit-drink | 0 | 1.46 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.82 |
| Syrup | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.11 | 5.56 | 0 |
| Jelly | 35.71 | 21.43 | 28.57 | 0 | 7.14 | 28.57 | 0 |
| Chocolate/ice Cream Powder | 20 | 20 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 |
| Fruit-juice /fruit Syrup | 1.23 | 0 | 1.23 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ketchup sauce | 0 | 0 | 5.26 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cooked meat | 0 | 33.33 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rusk powder | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 |
| Total | 24.83 | 20.69 | 13.79 | 2.07 | 15.86 | 18.62 | 4.14 |
Table 3.
Distribution of permitted and non-permitted additive color in products.
| Category | Polluted Products (%) | E104 (%) | E110 (%) | E122 (%) | E124 (%) | E129 (%) | E133 (%) | E102 (%) | E100 (%) | E150a-d (%) | Carthamus yellow (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saffron Rock Candy | 30.43 | 42.86 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 42.86 | 0 | 14.29 |
| Saffron | 15.28 | 6.67 | 20 | 53.33 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Pastry | 25 | 50 | 0 | 12.50 | 0 | 0 | 37.50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Saffron Chicken | 45.45 | 0 | 40 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 60 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fruit Drink | 2.48 | 0 | 66.67 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 33.33 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Sauce | 5.56 | 0 | 0 | 20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 80 | 0 |
| Cooked Meat | 33.33 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Energy drink | 1.20 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fruit Juice | 1.45 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Fruit Syrup | 16.67 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Ready Cake Powder | 10 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Rusk Powder | 50 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 50 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 4.38 | 21.67 | 16.67 | 20 | 5 | 3.33 | 6.67 | 10 | 10 | 3.33 | 3.33 |
2. Experimental design, materials and methods
The Iranian national standard organization only permits seven artificial dyes of Quinoline Yellow (E104), Sunset Yellow FCF (E110), Azorubine (E122), as well as Ponceau 4R (E124), Allura Red AC (E129), Indigotine (E132) and Brilliant Blue FCF (E133) in different type of products. The prevalence use of permitted and non-permitted artificial dyes has been reported from different states of Iran, previously. The required data were collected from the results documented in Kimia Test FAM Laboratory during the five years of 2011–2015. The additive color of 1120 samples, which represent 30% of samples analyzed in Tehran city for additive colors, was determined using thin layer chromatography methods (TLC) according to 2634 Iranian national standard and were compared to 740 Iranian national standard for permitted food additive colors. The data were entered into an Excel spreadsheet and were analyzed by descriptive statistics [1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10].
Acknowledgements
This work was carried out as a part of a M.Sc. Thesis study at the Tehran University of Medical Science. We gratefully acknowledge the help provided by the Kimia Test Fam laboratory for this study.
Footnotes
Transparency data associated with this article can be found in the online version at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.07.001.
Supplementary data associated with this article can be found in the online version at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.07.001.
Transparency document. Supplementary material
Supplementary material
.
Appendix A. Supplementary material
Supplementary material
.
References
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