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The proposed mechanism of autophagy-based unconventional secretion of PARK7 induced by 6-OHDA. The electrophilic 6-OHDA quinone formed from 6-OHDA lowers GSH levels and induces oxidative stress. Oxidative stress subsequently causes increase in AMP:ATP ratio and activates the AMPK-ULK1 pathway. This induces secretory autophagy, resulting in unconventional secretion of cytosolic PARK7.
