Table 1.

Baseline Characteristics of California Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Patients with Total or Near-Total Thyroidectomy by Neck Reoperation (91 Days–5 Years), 1991–2008

	Neck reoperation		No neck reoperation
	n	%	n	%	p-Value
All	1231	100	22,999	100
Sex
Male	391	31.7	5085	22.1	<0.001
Female	842	68.3	17,914	77.9	<0.001
Race/ethnicity
NH white	625	50.8	13,447	58.5	<0.001
NH African American	24	1.9	785	3.4	0.005
Hispanic	342	27.8	5157	22.4	<0.001
NH Asian/Pacific Islander	231	18.8	3397	14.8	<0.001
Other/unknown	9	0.7	213	0.9	0.48
Age at diagnosis (years)
15–24	130	10.6	1424	6.2	<0.001
25–34	247	20.1	4141	18.0	0.07
35–44	277	22.5	5767	25.1	0.04
45–54	228	18.5	5324	23.1	<0.001
55–64	160	13.0	3332	14.5	0.14
65–74	137	11.1	2015	8.8	0.005
≥75	52	4.2	996	4.3	0.96
Year of diagnosis
1991–1999	280	22.7	8262	35.9	<0.001
2000–2008	951	77.3	14,737	64.1	<0.001
Histology
Papillary	1178	95.7	20,791	90.4	<0.001
Follicular	53	4.3	2208	9.6	<0.001
N stage at diagnosis
N0	265	21.5	13,072	56.8	<0.001
N1	677	55.0	4623	20.1	<0.001
Unknown	289	23.5	2159	9.4	0.15
M stage at diagnosis
M0	877	71.2	17,406	75.7	<0.001
M1	34	2.8	352	1.5	<0.001
Unknown	320	26.0	1474	6.4	0.001
Tumor size
<1 cm	169	13.7	5936	25.8	<0.001
1–2 cm	320	26.0	6592	28.7	0.04
2–3 cm	289	23.5	4393	19.1	<0.001
3–4 cm	139	11.3	2181	9.5	0.03
>4 cm	221	18.0	2278	9.9	<0.001
Unknown	93	7.6	1619	7.0	0.50
Extrathyroidal extension
No	615	50.0	17,393	75.6	<0.001
Yes	571	46.4	4293	18.7	<0.001
Unknown	45	3.7	1313	5.7	0.002
Comorbidities at diagnosisa
No admission ≤2 years of diagnosis	753	61.2	11,349	49.3	<0.001
0	180	14.6	6419	27.9	<0.001
1–2	240	19.5	4252	18.5	0.39
≥3	58	4.7	979	4.3	0.45
Treatment
Radioiodine therapy	929	75.5	13,513	58.8	<0.001
Neighborhood socioeconomic status
Low	595	48.3	11,317	49.2	0.51
High	619	50.3	11,466	49.9	0.72
Unknown	17	1.4	216	0.9	0.12
Residence at time of diagnosis
Urban	1193	96.9	22,054	95.9	0.07
Rural	38	3.1	930	4.0	0.09
Unknown			15	0.1	0.37
Marital status
Never married	337	27.4	4944	21.5	<0.001
Previously married	127	10.3	2,923	12.7	0.01
Married	744	60.4	14,758	64.2	0.009
Unknown	23	1.9	374	1.6	0.52
Insurance coverage
No insurance/self-pay	26	2.1	403	1.8	0.35
Private insurance	869	70.6	15,398	67.0	0.009
Medicaid/government	81	6.6	1682	7.3	0.33
Medicare	172	14.0	2159	9.4	<0.001
Unknown	83	6.7	3357	14.6	<0.001
Hospital thyroidectomy volumeb
High	501	40.7	9072	39.4	0.37
Low	611	49.6	11,144	48.5	0.42
Unknown	119	9.7	2783	12.1	0.01
Vital status
All cause	229	18.6	2524	11.0	<0.001
Thyroid cancer specific	148	12.0	631	2.7	<0.001

^aExlihauser comorbidity index diagnosis or two years prior to diagnosis, cancer was excluded as a comorbidity.

^bHigh-volume thyroidectomy hospital defined as the top 10% of hospitals performing thyroidectomies.

NH, non-Hispanic.