Table 3.
Inhibitory effect of SCS-isolated compounds 3. Inhibition of AGEs formation, AR, α-glucosidase and lipase activities by isolated compounds from SCS.
| Test Materials | AGEs | Aldose Reductase | α-Glucosidase | Lipase |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IC50 (µM) | IC50 (µM) | IC50 (µM) | IC50 (µM) | |
| Protocatechuic acid (1) | 418 ± 10 * | ND | 176 ± 7 | 22.9 ± 0.8 *** |
| 5-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (2) | 215 ± 18 *** | 87.5 ± 1.6 *** | 389 ± 14 | 474 ± 35 ** |
| 3-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (3) | 80.5 ± 5.5 ** | 0.60 ± 0.03 ** | 608 ± 5 *** | >1000 |
| 4-O-Caffeoylquinic acid (4) | 74.1 ± 3.1 ** | 20.1 ± 0.1 *** | 736 ± 15 | >1000 |
| Kaempferol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-7-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (5) | 193 ± 9 ** | 9.38 ± 1.46 | 609 ± 32 *** | >1000 |
| Quercitrin (6) | 58.0 ± 2.5 ** | 0.56 ± 0.14 ** | 135 ± 13 * | 96.7 ± 7.0 ** |
| Afzelin (7) | 75.4 ± 3.8 ** | 87.9 ± 2.1 *** | 31.7 ± 1.6 ** | 572 ± 102 * |
| trans-Resveratrol (8) | 148 ± 14 *** | 60.5 ± 16.8 * | 5.97 ± 0.20 ** | 61.2 ± 11.7 * |
| Helonioside A (9) | 227 ± 16 ** | 34.5 ± 0.1 *** | 154 ± 4 | >1000 |
| Isoscutellarein-8-O-rhamnoside (10) | 440 ± 17 * | 17.0 ± 3.6 | 45.1 ± 2.6 ** | 101 ± 18 * |
| AMG a | 515 ± 33 *** | - | - | - |
| TMG b | - | 6.97 ± 0.56 *** | - | - |
| Acarbose c | - | - | 172 ± 17 ** | - |
| Orlistat d | - | - | - | 1.40 ± 0.12 * |
a Used as positive control in AGEs formation inhibitory assay; b Used as positive control in AR activity inhibitory assay; c Used as positive control in α-glucosidase inhibitory assay; d Used as positive control in lipase inhibitory assay; * p < 0.05 compared with the positive control group; ** p < 0.01 compared with the positive control group; *** p < 0.001 compared with the positive control group; ND: no detection within test concentration; The 50% inhibitory concentration is expressed as the mean ± SD (n = 3).