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Cancer Management and Research logoLink to Cancer Management and Research
. 2018 Sep 24;10:3717–3732. doi: 10.2147/CMAR.S159563

An expression signature model to predict lung adenocarcinoma-specific survival

Xiaoshun Shi 1,2,*, Haoming Tan 3, Xiaobing Le 4,5,*, Haibing Xian 6,*, Xiaoxiang Li 1, Kailing Huang 4,5, Viola Yingjun Luo 4,5, Yanhui Liu 4,5, Zhuolin Wu 7, Haiyun Mo 8, Allen M Chen 4,5,*, Ying Liang 9,, Jiexia Zhang 1,
PMCID: PMC6161724  PMID: 30288103

Abstract

Background

The current TNM staging system plays a central role in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) prognosis. However, it may not adequately stratify the risk of tumor recurrence. With the aid of gene expression profiling, we identified 31 lncRNAs whose expressions in tumor tissues could be used as a risk indicator for the guidance of lung cancer therapy. This exploratory analysis may shed new light on identification of potential prognostic factors.

Materials and methods

A survival prediction scoring model was developed from the data that are publicly available in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) LUAD RNA Sequencing dataset. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and Kaplan–Meier analysis were performed on a cohort of 254 stage I lung carcinoma patients with survival records.

Results

Our model indicates that the panels comprising 31 lncRNAs are highly associated with overall survival (OS): 18.9% (95% CI: 10.4%–34.5%) and 89.5% (95% CI: 80.7%–99.2%) for the high- and low-risk group, respectively. The specificity and sensitivity of the model are verified, which show that the area under receiver operating characteristic curve yields 0.881, meaning our model has good accuracy and it is feasible for further applications.

Conclusion

The 31-lncRNA model might be able to predict OS in patients with LUAD with high accuracy. Its further applications in biomolecular experiments using clinical samples with independent cohorts of patients are needed to verify the results.

Keywords: lung adenocarcinoma, lncRNA, signature, survival analysis, prognosis, RNA-seq

Background

Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most commonly occurring histological type of lung cancer, which often has major driver oncogenes such as EGFR mutation1 and ALK fusion.2 Previous studies have shown that the genomic alterations in LUAD are different from those in other lung cancer subtypes.3,4 The current prediction systems for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) such as tumor, node, and metastases (TNM) staging5 and microarray-data-based prognostic modeling6 have not effectively distinguished lung cancer subtypes in terms of NSCLC patient survival. Moreover, the prognoses within the same TNM stage vary widely7 and the gene signature is yet limited in coding genes8 and microRNAs.6,9 Evidence provides the primary rationale to develop the lncRNA model for predicting lung cancer survival.

lncRNAs are a class of RNA molecules with more than 200 nucleotides in length and have no evident open reading frames.10 These long molecules play key roles in gene regulation and carcinogenesis including proliferation, adhesion, migration and apoptosis.11 Current non-coding RNA profiling research reveals that lncRNAs are dysregulated among cancers12 and some may serve as promising therapeutic targets.13 For instance, Gutschner et al reported that elevated MALAT1 expression was associated with metastasis in multiple tumor types.14 Previous meta-analysis showed that MALAT1 may have a role in cancer prognosis.15 It is believed that the clinical value of lncRNA is not confined to candidate biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. Also, lncRNA expression profiling by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) might be useful in the classification of various cancers such as lung cancer; it is important for prognostic determinations as well.12

A large number of lncRNAs have been investigated in cancer research.11,16 Some of these lncRNAs are associated with patient survival,17,18 but most of the reports are only supported by clinical survival data from samples within a single institute19 or pooled clinical data with some het-erogeneities.20 Given the heterogeneity of LUAD and the susceptibility of non-coding RNA decay, a panel of the lncRNA biomarkers should be more precisely stable for LUAD prognosis determinations. However, using only a single lncRNA would yield unreliable results in predicting cancer survivals. Previous studies have also observed that gene signatures and clinical characteristics among patients are associated with overall survival (OS)21,22 aiming to overcome the limitations of the current TNM staging for predicting clinical outcomes. Several studies have reported that lncRNA expression profiles can be obtained from publicly available microarray data to perform analysis for the development of cancer survival models.23,24 However, RNA-seq-based prognostic lncRNA expression signature for the prediction of LUAD patient survival has not yet been investigated. Though a number of prognostic lncRNA biomarkers for NSCLC have been proposed,2527 none of them have been successfully applied in real clinics. This is partially due to differences in the acquisition of samples and the usage of different systems for detection. In addition, the populations selected for lncRNA studies of cancer may vary and display inconsistencies. Moreover, the potential role of lncRNA as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis is better understood by the patterns of the lncRNA expression profile in the genome rather than as a single lncRNA expression abnormality. Notably, as we mentioned previously, the genomic characteristics of LUAD and squamous cancer distinguish greatly,4 and previous studies identifying the signature pattern of NSCLC may be modified further by separate analysis of each cancer subtype.

To construct a reliable prognostic lncRNA signature that could improve the current staging system for predicting LUAD survival, we identified lncRNAs that can stratify the risk of LUAD recurrence through survival outcomes. RNA-seq data and corresponding clinical data were analyzed to identify lncRNAs that associate with the risk of LUAD recurrence in patients. A panel of key lncRNAs was identified by next generation sequencing technology, which could diagnose one of the major histological subtypes of lung cancer with fairly high specificity and sensitivity. We developed a risk score formula for predicting the OS time of LUAD patients. In summary, the use of the lncRNA signature provided a deeper insight into the parameters associated with LUAD than what is used exclusively for LUAD prognosis.

Materials and methods

Lung adenocarcinoma RNA-seq data from TCGA

Level 3 RNA-seq data (HTSeq-FPKM-UQ) and the corresponding clinical data of 519 LUAD patients were obtained from the public The Cancer Genome Atlas data portal website (http://cancergenome.nih.gov). Clinicopathological parameters including age, gender, smoking history and TNM stage were also assessed. Patients with incomplete clinical data or OS of less than 1 month were excluded from the analysis. No correlations between patients’ gender as well as expression profile and OS were found; after data filtering and exclusions, a total of 462 LUAD samples comprising 250 females and 212 males were enrolled in the model.

Identification of differentially expressed lncRNAs in LUAD and normal lung tissue samples

To identify lncRNAs that are differentially expressed between LUAD and normal lung tissues, the raw counts of TCGA RNA-seq data (HTSeq-Counts) were downloaded for the analysis. Differential expression analysis was performed using the DESeq package in Bioconductor.28 The thresholds for screening the expression differences of lncRNAs were adjusted p-value <0.01 and |log2(fold change)|>2. The log2(fold change) indicates the fold change in the expression of each lncRNA between LUAD and normal lung tissue samples.

Cox regression analysis

First, the RNA-seq expression values of differentially expressed lncRNAs were normalized with log2 transformation. Afterward, the association between lncRNA expression and patient survival was determined by univariate Cox regression analysis. lncRNAs with a p-value less than 0.05 from the univariate Cox regression analysis were used for further mining potential lncRNAs that were associated with OS time, and they were fitted in a multivariate Cox regression analysis. The mathematical model was built based on the Akaike information criterion, which allows determination of the best trade-off between the complexity of model and its goodness of fit.29

Risk score and survival curve

Based on the multivariate Cox regression analysis, a formula (Equation 1) was built to predict the risk score for each patient. In Equation 1,Gi represents expression value of the ith lncRNA and Weighti is the coefficient of each lncRNA from the Cox analysis results (Table 1). According to this risk scoring system, patients were divided into low-risk (< median risk score) and high-risk (> median risk score) groups. Subsequently, the log-rank statistical test was used to determine the differences in survivals between the low-risk and high-risk groups. A Kaplan–Meier OS curve was plotted against the two groups and the hazard ratio was calculated. Cox multivariate analysis was employed to test whether the risk score was independent of potential clinical risk factors including age, gender, smoking history and disease stage. The prognostic performance was measured by calculating the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

Score=i=131Gi×Weighti (1)

Table 1.

31-lncRNA risk score model

Ensembl ID lncRNA Coefficients Univariate p-value Multivariate p-value References
ENSG00000249364 RP11-434D9.1 −0.2295 1.44E-06 6.48E-05 30
ENSG00000257654 RP11-497G19.2 −0.1381 3.35E-05 2.43E-05
ENSG00000183674 LINC00518 0.1604 4.41E-05 2.02E-05 31
ENSG00000247844 CCAT1 0.08780 5.37E-05 7.05E-03 3234
ENSG00000238078 LINC01352 −0.1599 5.83E-05 7.40E-04
ENSG00000235997 AC109642.1 0.2797 8.53E-05 5.92E-02
ENSG00000233760 AC004947.2 0.1026 6.57E-04 1.66E-01
ENSG00000267123 CTD-2357A8.3 0.3168 6.98E-04 1.62E04
ENSG00000253227 RP11-383J24.1 −0.06522 7.17E-04 5.18E-02
ENSG00000268388 FENDRR 0.4477 1.08E-03 3.77E-03 35
ENSG00000237803 LINC00211 −0.07637 1.37E-03 7.11E-02
ENSG00000271830 RP11-1C8.7 0.08541 2.23E-03 1.84E-03
ENSG00000245750 DRAIC 0.13567 2.33E-03 5.98E-02 36
ENSG00000227307 RP11-95I16.2 0.08732 2.62E-03 2.00E-02
ENSG00000257883 RP11-497G19.1 0.07132 6.07E-03 6.61E-02
ENSG00000248538 RP11-10A14.5 −0.09344 7.01E-03 6.07E-02
ENSG00000223414 LINC00473 0.06038 8.77E-03 5.45E-02 25
ENSG00000180861 LINC01559 −0.04718 9.98E-03 1.44E-01
ENSG00000253288 RP11-238K6.1 −0.08147 1.04E-02 5.15E-02
ENSG00000270977 AC015849.16 0.2414 1.13E-02 5.58E-03
ENSG00000236164 RP11-268F1.3 0.05735 1.42E-02 9.19E-02
ENSG00000260468 LINC01290 −0.1728 1.58E-02 2.33E-03
ENSG00000268754 RP11-514D23.2 −0.05619 1.62E-02 8.82E-02
ENSG00000258474 RP11-187E13.1 −0.09878 1.82E-02 2.81E-03
ENSG00000241544 RP11-6F2.5 0.1623 2.01E-02 4.25E-04
ENSG00000236452 AC123023.1 0.04442 2.09E-02 1.32E-01
ENSG00000244649 CTD-2377D24.6 −0.07878 2.41E-02 1.14E-01
ENSG00000249241 AC195454.1 −0.1214 3.37E-02 5.00E-03
ENSG00000280776 LINC01202 0.1015 3.37E-02 6.94E-03
ENSG00000274956 UG0898H09 0.05579 4.16E-02 1.32E-01
ENSG00000225546 RP11-328J2.1 LVCAT5 −0.09412 4.84E-02 7.87E-03

Notes: The panel comprised 31 lncRNAs: RP11-434D9.1, RP11-497G19.2, LINC00518, CCAT1, LINC01352, AC109642.1, AC004947.2, CTD-2357A8.3, RP11-383J24.1, FENDRR, LINC00211, RP11-1C8.7, DRAIC, RP11-95I16.2, RP11-497G19.1, RP11-10A14.5, LINC00473, LINC01559, RP11-238K6.1, AC015849.16, RP11-268F1.3, LINC01290, RP11-514D23.2, RP11-187E13.1, RP11-6F2.5, AC123023.1, CTD-2377D24.6, AC195454.1, LINC01202, UG0898H09 and RP11-328J2.1.

Results

Differentially expressed lncRNAs in LUAD patients

The analysis of the lncRNA expression profiles in both LUAD tissues and normal lung tissues identified a total of 346 differentially expressed lncRNAs, which were used for subsequent survival analyses (Table S1). Compared to normal samples, 249 lncRNAs were overexpressed and 97 lncRNAs were underexpressed in LUAD samples. A cluster dendrogram was generated to ensure that the differentially expressed lncRNAs were good characterizations of LUAD (Figure S1).

The association of lncRNA expressions and OS time

To identify the lncRNAs associated with patient survival in LUAD, univariate Cox regression analysis for the differentially expressed lncRNAs data was assessed. With the significance level threshold of 0.05, a set of 60 lncRNAs was selected (Table S2). These lncRNAs were used in stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis and 31 lncRNAs were chosen. A cluster dendrogram for these 31 lncRNAs is shown in Figure 1. We conducted a risk score analysis using Equation 1 on the 31 lncRNAs to calculate risk scores for patients. The coefficients of the 31-lncRNA model for determining risk scores are listed in Table 1.

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Hierarchical cluster dendrogram of selected 31 lncRNAs from TCGA LUAD RNA-seq dataset. The left vertical axis shows clusters of lncRNAs. The red rectangular strip in the upper portion of the picture represents normal tissue samples, and the light blue rectangular strip denotes LUAD samples. Red rectangles represent overexpressed genes, and green rectangles represent under-expressed lncRNAs. Black rectangles represent median-expressed lncRNAs.

Abbreviations: TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; RNA-seq, RNA sequencing.

Stage prognostic classifiers

Tumor stage classification was significantly associated with OS of LUAD patients. In order to test whether the 31-lncRNA model is applicable for the prediction of LUAD survival in all stages, we calculated the risk scores for patients in all stages and divided the patients into high-risk and low-risk groups according to the median risk score of patients in all stages (value=1.111). Kaplan–Meier survival curves are displayed in Figure 2, showing that the 31-lncRNA model performs well for LUAD in all stages (p-value=8.508e-11).

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Survival curves for LUAD patients in all stages using 31-lncRNA model. The differences between the high-risk (n=222) and low-risk (n=240) groups were determined by the log-rank test.

Abbreviation: LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma.

Survival times of low-risk and high-risk groups in stage I

Since tumor stage serves as an important factor that independently affects the survival of LUAD patients, we applied the 31-lncRNA model to stage I patients in order to test the effectiveness of the survival prediction. We divided the patients into high-risk and low-risk groups using the median risk score value 1.111, and found that the high-risk group correlated with poor prognoses for OS (log-rank test p-value 8.917e-13). Five-year OS was 18.9% (95% CI: 10.4%–34.5%) and 89.5% (95% CI: 80.7%–99.2%) for the high-risk and low-risk groups, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier OS curves as well as ROC curves (Figure 3) indicated that the AUC of the 31-lncRNA model was 0.881 (Figure 4), which demonstrated that the 31-lncRNA model has high specificity and sensitivity in predicting the OS time of LUAD patients.37

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Survival curves for stage I LUAD patients through the 31-lncRNA model. The differences between the high-risk (n=126) and low-risk (n=126) groups were determined by the log-rank test.

Abbreviation: LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma.

Figure 4.

Figure 4

ROC analysis of the 31-lncRNA model. AUC of the 31-lncRNA model was 0.881.

Abbreviations: ROC, receiver operating characteristic; AUC, area under the ROC curve.

Discussion

In present study, lncRNA expression data and clinical data were obtained from the public TCGA database (HTSeq-FPKM-UQ) of LUAD level 3 RNA-seq. A total of 254 stage I LUAD patients were included. lncRNAs associated with survival were identified by stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis. Subsequently, an expression pattern of 31 lncRNAs was found to be significantly associated with OS of LUAD patients. The 31-lncRNA panel accurately predicted OS and was applied to conduct a risk score analysis for further investigation of the specificity and sensitivity. ROC analysis results indicate that the statistical power of 31-lncRNA model for high-risk and low-risk patients is formidable. Therefore, the 31-lncRNA signature predicts OS fairly well based on TCGA data sets, which shows its good predictive performance. The AUC was 0.881, which is better than previously reported results.

Some of the lncRNAs that are predicted in our analysis were shown previously to function as potential biomarkers. LINC00473 has been found to correlate with poor NSCLC prognosis.25 Its overexpression is required for the growth and survival of LKB1-inactivated NSCLC cells through CREB-regulated transcription coactivator/CREB-mediated transcription.25 In addition, four lncRNAs including RP11-434D9.1 were found to be differentially expressed in microarray analyses.30 RP11-434D9.1 is correlated with TNBC occurrence, and is a potential biomarker for diagnosis for breast cancer treatment.30 Notably, one lncRNA, CCAT1, was reported to be associated with a variety of solid tumors. Abnormal expression of CCAT1 has been shown in a variety of tumors including lung cancers.34 Abnormally expressed CCAT1 can promote proliferation, migration and invasion in hepatocellular cells,32 gastric carcinoma cells38 and colon cancer cells.39 Currently, some evidences show that CCAT1 acts as a driver lncRNA of malignancy through miRNA sponging. CCAT1 also functions as a molecular sponge for let-7c in docetaxel-resistant LUAD cells,33 and miR-155 in acute myeloid leukemia HL-60 cells. Therefore, CCAT1 may hold an important role in the carcinogenesis of LUAD. Our lncRNA model includes cancer-associated lncRNAs that provide reference values for investigators and give eventuality of explorations in this perspective.

The risk score of the 31-lncRNA signature model was found to have an independent correlation with OS (p-value <0.001) (Table 1). Moreover, we found that one of the clinicopathological parameters of LUAD in the TCGA data, i.e., tumor staging, was significantly associated with OS,5 which was consistent in clinical practice. Furthermore, tumor staging does not efficiently stratify the risk of early stage (stage I and II) LUAD patients. Since this parameter may affect the predictive performance of the model for cancer survival, we further tested the model in stage I LUAD patients. We calculated the risk score for each early stage patient, and the results indicate that the 31-lncRNA signature model is potentially a prognostic classifier for early stage LUAD patients (p-value <0.001). This suggests that patients in stage I and II could be divided into high-risk and low-risk groups by their lncRNA signatures. The results imply that patients with LUAD may benefit from this prognostic signature model, which could determine timeline of adjuvant chemotherapy treatments. There is a speculation that further treatments such as adjuvant therapy will alter the effectiveness of the predictions; however, relevant modifications could be adapted accordingly under the proposed framework.

Using the updated TCGA data (June 2016 version), we were able to obtain 60,483 data points including both protein coding and non-coding genes. Many of these genes are known biomarkers and some are novel genes with survival records. This broadens our scope in gene signature modeling for cancer survival prediction. The prognostic power of the signature model in this study is applied for predicting OS of stage I patients. Moreover, since these lncRNAs might have a predicative role in the outcome of LUAD, further experimental studies to survey the biological roles of these lncRNAs in carcinogenesis are worthwhile to shed new light on specific investigations. Present results show that the current prognostic model is promising and further validations on independent datasets are still needed. In addition, co-regulatory relationship between these 31 lncRNAs will affect the model efficacy, which would be validated furthermore. Based on this work, further analysis such as expression network and co-expression analysis could be applied.

This model is not without limitations. First of all, the data that we could access and analyze are still limited. The TCGA data involved fresh frozen samples, which were collected from top-notch institutions with robust tissue collection systems in place. Thus, only samples that were found to be of very high quality were included. Data in an average setting are expected to be applied by the model to further verify its robustness. For instance, further available data could be applied to analyze the correlation between the lncRNA profile and etiology such as smoking by patients or air pollutant profile of the local area of Guangzhou as well as the expression pattern. With more relevant data, a complete co-expression network could be derived.

Conclusion

In this study, we developed a signature model (Table 1) that is associated with OS in LUAD patients. Patients with a high-risk score from the model have shorter survival time, and this lncRNA panel could help to serve as a prognostic classifier for LUAD. The results of this study suggest that these lncRNAs may play specific roles in the carcinogenesis of LUAD and be of potential prognostic values. Further experiments are needed to verify the connection of 31 lncRNAs to cell survival and apoptosis linking with DNA repair. This model is LUAD specific, and proper adjustments could be made for reference of other disease-associated models.

Availability of data and material

All data generated or analyzed during this study are enclosed in this article and the supplementary information files.

Supplementary materials

Figure S1

Hierarchical cluster dendrogram of all differentially expressed lncRNAs from TCGA LUAD RNA-seq dataset. The horizontal axis shows clusters of samples, and the left vertical axis shows clusters of lncRNAs. The red rectangular strip in the upper portion of the picture represents normal tissue samples, and the light blue rectangular strip denotes LUAD samples. Red rectangles represent overexpressed genes, and green rectangles represent underexpressed lncRNAs. Black rectangles represent median-expressed lncRNAs.

Abbreviations: TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; RNA-seq, RNA sequencing.

cmar-10-3717s1.tif (8.2MB, tif)

Table S1.

Differentially expressed lncRNAs

ID Normal mean LUAD mean Fold change log2 fold change pval padj
FENDRR 2981.044549 202.0454063 0.067776715 −3.88306647965706 2.06E-58 2.35E-55
C14orf132 4536.086751 729.8425231 0.16089695 −2.635791116862 1.26E-36 4.41E-34
LINC01272 2806.558749 499.3803316 0.177933326 −2.49059135320854 2.22E-26 4.10E-24
RP3-340N1.2 8.089904837 537.0428035 66.38431655 6.052770537 1.41E-22 1.94E-20
RP11-88I21.2 158.625216 5.082194866 0.03203901 −4.9640266246449 1.01E-21 1.29E-19
LINC00511 137.6315305 1157.582966 8.410739614 3.072232672 4.17E-18 3.69E-16
RP11-141J13.5 193.0115915 8.868227479 0.045946606 −4.44389790523802 1.19E-17 9.84E-16
PCAT19 1231.988315 230.5331646 0.18712285 −2.41794235527104 3.12E-16 2.18E-14
FAM83H-AS1 394.577306 1902.408947 4.8213846 2.269447517 7.75E-15 4.72E-13
LINC00968 385.9077811 33.72847692 0.087400355 −3.51621705611803 3.04E-14 1.72E-12
AP002856.5 115.0495223 6.647208622 0.057776934 −4.1133625494181 1.39E-13 7.17E-12
RP11-284F21.9 6.141918547 250.6772173 40.81415527 5.350997693 1.49E-13 7.64E-12
RP1-78O14.1 574.6491884 63.41331362 0.11035135 −3.17982381789557 1.96E-13 9.89E-12
RP11-287F9.2 34.98863524 1.424814783 0.040722217 −4.6180400967434 4.68E-13 2.24E-11
GS1-600G8.5 327.0135833 29.48115008 0.090152677 −3.4714858515193 5.48E-13 2.61E-11
RP11-805I24.3 77.73713493 4.591115755 0.059059493 −4.08168722493331 7.25E-13 3.42E-11
MIR3945HG 257.2013858 21.76416665 0.084619166 −3.56287173018701 8.24E-13 3.83E-11
PVT1 109.9042973 731.3404474 6.65433896 2.734295356 1.61E-12 7.22E-11
LINC01314 581.6797822 66.86203392 0.114946464 −3.12096601344235 3.42E-12 1.48E-10
CASC9 3.877102467 177.2081692 45.70634146 5.514322439 3.74E-12 1.61E-10
LINC00665 225.0598783 1100.560291 4.890077697 2.289857388 5.82E-12 2.46E-10
LINC01082 42.576707 2.270463438 0.053326422 −4.22900566210113 9.14E-12 3.78E-10
AC011286.1 18.26333348 0.75709458 0.041454348 −4.59233276424982 1.90E-11 7.58E-10
AC128709.2 35.80940814 1.7201411 0.04803601 −4.37973985796622 3.36E-11 1.28E-09
AC109642.1 701.5189391 129.6115514 0.184758449 −2.43628775194037 4.68E-11 1.73E-09
RP11-401P9.4 736.6771455 152.074051 0.206432427 −2.27625848393677 6.33E-11 2.32E-09
RP11-89K21.1 0.764187204 80.81937877 105.758613 6.724631351 9.96E-11 3.54E-09
RP5-839B4.8 302.5155357 37.5504844 0.124127458 −3.01010581056547 3.03E-10 1.00E-08
RP11-81H3.2 0.332099875 49.41633002 148.7996044 7.217226881 6.11E-10 1.93E-08
CH17-360D5.2 501.2718126 85.9882572 0.17154018 −2.54338155142695 2.02E-09 5.82E-08
CTD-2139B15.5 0.049962099 25.1743678 503.8692964 8.976905737 2.84E-09 7.97E-08
LINC00551 114.7444773 13.63409013 0.118821319 −3.07313438771013 6.51E-09 1.73E-07
LINC01552 42.82576179 4.110438691 0.095980515 −3.38111462894993 6.91E-09 1.83E-07
LINC00973 1.121767602 82.0215184 73.11810241 6.192156724 8.97E-09 2.31E-07
LINC00163 48.6214147 4.52837318 0.093135364 −3.42452711134183 1.79E-08 4.34E-07
CTD-2008P7.8 0.168789071 25.75784117 152.6037262 7.253646379 1.80E-08 4.35E-07
BARX1-AS1 0.200119691 30.13316326 150.5757033 7.234345187 2.10E-08 5.02E-07
AC004947.2 93.79515642 11.53895041 0.123022881 −3.02300142260912 2.19E-08 5.22E-07
LINC00656 38.02105037 3.322697759 0.087391004 −3.51637141549505 2.27E-08 5.39E-07
AC005256.1 0 11.56605236 Inf Inf 2.37E-08 5.59E-07
AC008268.1 1184.201055 267.415188 0.225819076 −2.14676073224154 2.67E-08 6.24E-07
RP11-400N13.2 3.932808365 107.6598253 27.37479563 4.774776289 3.36E-08 7.74E-07
RP11-211G23.2 0.471898471 38.7962056 82.21303525 6.361295253 3.56E-08 8.16E-07
RP11-2N1.3 10.6461869 0.661485902 0.062133598 −4.00848257999429 3.79E-08 8.62E-07
AC098973.2 0.403399821 36.80499464 91.23701284 6.511547308 3.82E-08 8.69E-07
CTD-2527I21.15 0.884522194 55.04714502 62.23376351 5.959625589 4.17E-08 9.39E-07
CTD-3010D24.3 2.061925908 82.6561445 40.08686452 5.325057673 4.24E-08 9.50E-07
LINC00961 259.0204699 39.36654436 0.151982368 −2.71802413451879 4.56E-08 1.02E-06
CTB-43E15.1 48.60921098 5.110697758 0.105138464 −3.24963753754913 7.42E-08 1.61E-06
MNX1-AS1 2.128585073 78.3672325 36.81658464 5.202283893 7.67E-08 1.66E-06
RP5-826L7.1 23.56576143 2.182986774 0.092633832 −3.43231700230942 9.18E-08 1.95E-06
MIR548XHG 0.05448994 13.88864612 254.8845912 7.993700349 1.35E-07 2.80E-06
CTD-2591A6.2 0.012979672 10.89487903 839.3801638 9.71318056 1.46E-07 3.00E-06
RP11-474D1.3 0.71763177 152.3136505 212.2448545 7.729585768 1.58E-07 3.20E-06
BLACAT1 32.50389347 250.1656204 7.696481673 2.944199091 1.66E-07 3.36E-06
RP11-253E3.3 516.4366306 115.9501852 0.224519676 -2.15508621 1.70E-07 3.43E-06
LINC01194 0.295282101 31.6709472 107.2565764 6.744922298 1.82E-07 3.65E-06
LINC00858 1.70453546 60.03463963 35.22052844 5.13834465 2.13E-07 4.23E-06
RP11-353N14.2 2.494260363 78.1005978 31.31212722 4.968649618 2.98E-07 5.76E-06
C11orf97 107.0602523 19.12608794 0.178647888 −2.48480923784006 3.06E-07 5.89E-06
AC011294.3 2.376383526 71.27641438 29.99364942 4.906585165 3.64E-07 6.86E-06
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DRAIC 36.17361801 498.1301911 13.77053827 3.783513048 1.68E-06 2.78E-05
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CTC-480C2.1 0.057369445 7.654388029 133.4227319 7.059860677 3.55E-06 5.41E-05
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LINC01611 0.010703432 6.26947593 585.7444548 9.194127581 4.99E-06 7.39E-05
LINC01447 19.44704841 2.442467278 0.125595783 −2.99314006562257 5.32E-06 7.85E-05
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LINC00682 0.047245583 6.04687883 127.9882349 6.999867389 1.56E-05 0.00020771
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AL163953.2 0.073783096 6.976727434 94.55726049 6.563116333 1.66E-05 0.000220138
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RP11-25H12.1 0.034045276 5.891818201 173.0583165 7.435114463 1.75E-05 0.00022979
LINC01270 21.75472655 160.6004658 7.38232519 2.884075289 1.90E-05 0.000247566
AC008271.1 0.312509597 12.36514654 39.5672538 5.306235032 1.95E-05 0.000254239
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C20orf197 15.56542845 133.8652638 8.6001657 3.104364457 2.54E-05 0.000320691
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RP11-203H2.2 7.481832381 0.93467043 0.124925337 −3.00086198809412 2.89E-05 0.000357659
RP1-35C21.1 24.5483517 3.848508029 0.156772564 −2.67325499584552 2.96E-05 0.000365915
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CMB9-22P13.1 46.26982154 225.8594278 4.881355068 2.287281697 3.05E-05 0.000375432
RP11-346D19.1 0.031404138 5.298279541 168.7127812 7.398425462 3.08E-05 0.000378422
GS1-120K12.4 0.023043796 4.363023917 189.3361653 7.564806198 3.10E-05 0.0003801
RP11-445O3.2 0.091370507 6.870784131 75.19695742 6.232602384 3.18E-05 0.000388637
RP11-60A8.1 0.530430449 23.10415171 43.55736321 5.444844716 3.39E-05 0.000412345
ERVMER61-1 0.028878152 6.191370585 214.3963558 7.744136574 3.50E-05 0.000424055
RP11-332J15.2 0.104232235 7.661905616 73.50802389 6.199829833 3.63E-05 0.000438331
CH17-360D5.3 157.8760522 33.98041144 0.215234743 −2.21601712293595 3.64E-05 0.000439182
LINC00355 1.08636071 24.63118901 22.67312209 4.502911159 3.71E-05 0.000446574
RP6-114E22.1 0.524347859 17.17604946 32.75697451 5.033730208 3.80E-05 0.000456597
RP11-93K22.13 2.933986413 45.05811971 15.35730347 3.940853016 3.83E-05 0.000459654
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LINC00844 9.717350157 1.302917952 0.13408161 −2.89881671915689 3.93E-05 0.000469451
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RP11-254I22.3 3.907381157 52.94771132 13.55069014 3.760294425 4.32E-05 0.000508006
RP11-474D1.4 0.024867022 6.448148137 259.3051987 8.01850732 4.34E-05 0.000510698
LINC01021 1.714172099 30.13699806 17.58108074 4.135951853 4.40E-05 0.000516859
LINC00342 268.0330582 1108.560676 4.135910262 2.048204884 4.44E-05 0.000520748
CTD-2292M14.1 0.500743025 15.89041309 31.73366833 4.987942397 4.54E-05 0.000531007
CTD-2337I7.1 1.130348765 22.54825258 19.94804903 4.318175749 5.13E-05 0.000593082
RP11-497G19.2 1.402718846 34.76559315 24.78443435 4.631362428 5.44E-05 0.000625012
RP11-95I16.2 42.54270799 7.629914892 0.179347184 −2.47917299926081 5.58E-05 0.000638325
LINC00473 21.70280685 277.1374737 12.76966043 3.674648256 6.10E-05 0.000692594
CTD-2377D24.6 3.504266369 53.82928401 15.36107086 3.941206888 6.22E-05 0.000704991
RP4-809F18.1 1.110138891 21.93340086 19.75734841 4.304317434 6.53E-05 0.000737233
AP000472.2 0 2.56134442 Inf Inf 6.56E-05 0.000741171
RP11-10A14.5 2.677067167 63.70372646 23.79608822 4.572652527 6.72E-05 0.000756534
RP11-445O3.1 0 2.805631092 Inf Inf 6.81E-05 0.000764257
LINC00668 2.608511281 41.40941132 15.87472963 3.988660116 6.86E-05 0.000769074
PTPRD-AS1 67.31896946 13.93071391 0.206935935 −2.27274389791362 6.89E-05 0.000770692
RP11-493L12.5 1.048265544 20.64451951 19.6939789 4.299682713 6.99E-05 0.000781026
CTA-280A3.2 0.030480874 3.650086047 119.7500441 6.903882378 7.15E-05 0.000796631
RP3-332B22.1 9.995435357 1.408349233 0.140899239 −2.82726427707433 7.25E-05 0.000805007
RP11-523L20.2 0.922996356 20.06486646 21.73883605 4.442202792 7.25E-05 0.000805007
LINC00891 55.47383928 10.10764693 0.18220565 −2.45636040110787 7.47E-05 0.000826613
RP11-734K21.5 3.644156467 50.53796856 13.86822136 3.793710865 7.64E-05 0.00084379
ELFN1-AS1 2.771164086 40.00344208 14.43560931 3.851560098 7.70E-05 0.000849695
RP11-1C8.7 0.176949315 8.41859726 47.57632019 5.572171785 7.74E-05 0.000853983
RP11-244M2.1 2.952550924 42.47322164 14.38526303 3.846519695 7.75E-05 0.000854371
AC007879.7 8.31855601 83.72841952 10.06525885 3.33131237 7.86E-05 0.000865437
RP11-98G7.1 1.028073563 21.48950318 20.90269019 4.385616725 8.14E-05 0.000893046
RP11-476K15.1 0.612377189 14.32080988 23.38560306 4.547548728 8.18E-05 0.000895623
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LINC01197 109.6483134 26.78646601 0.244294373 −2.03330745935022 0.000105 0.001118377
RP11-114H23.1 1.411808069 23.5925861 16.71090187 4.062717691 0.0001106 0.001170638
LINC00887 1.684211344 25.87489482 15.36321134 3.941407906 0.0001131 0.001195119
RP11-796E10.1 0.494277323 13.17681298 26.65874472 4.736536945 0.0001172 0.001232341
RP11-279F6.2 0.926647451 37.61226771 40.5896198 5.343038921 0.0001172 0.001232341
MIR137HG 0.329075044 14.12067983 42.9102118 5.423249117 0.0001229 0.001284286
DGCR9 10.86895454 88.0817823 8.10397927 3.018630484 0.0001265 0.001318527
RP11-424M24.5 47.20627508 11.60340161 0.245802101 −2.02443084626143 0.0001268 0.001320354
RP11-390F4.3 12.96510823 99.27440256 7.657043876 2.936787524 0.000127 0.00132143
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RP11-352B15.2 0.029861505 10.21504152 342.0806 8.418192479 0.0001376 0.001413585
RP11-211C9.1 1.813918817 26.77695521 14.76193695 3.883810128 0.0001393 0.001427657
RP11-555J4.3 0.008870375 3.062780751 345.2819938 8.43163129 0.0001403 0.00143714
AC124944.5 2.76265417 37.85365672 13.70191649 3.776305792 0.0001409 0.001441588
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LINC00165 20.62587252 3.409873835 0.165320223 −2.59666488401555 0.0001499 0.001519883
LVCAT1 1.990197299 34.17573512 17.17203371 4.101989005 0.0001499 0.001520056
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TUSC8 2.153333946 31.25383176 14.51415922 3.859389097 0.0001694 0.001687829
AC025016.1 0.073167259 4.085619145 55.83944489 5.803212694 0.0001712 0.001704804
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CTD-2118P12.1 0.211878907 7.633743531 36.02880361 5.171078841 0.0001756 0.001744244
KIF25-AS1 7.170910509 71.03404443 9.905861236 3.308282411 0.0001787 0.001772767
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RP11-794G24.1 3.262721056 38.50398412 11.80118786 3.560860178 0.0001986 0.001945935
CASC16 0.481008373 11.07725976 23.02924521 4.525395222 0.0002009 0.001965687
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C1orf140 11.43761516 1.969073421 0.172157691 −2.53819745810598 0.0002227 0.002149694
RP11-290F5.1 20.60088338 127.4973948 6.188928526 2.629689661 0.0002292 0.002200775
AC069277.2 0.624338061 13.93588671 22.32105903 4.480333573 0.0002375 0.002272036
RP11-21B23.2 0.016587775 6.980247321 420.8067254 8.717013952 0.0002375 0.002272036
LINC01559 1.471566858 134.0844688 91.11680391 6.509645238 0.0002397 0.002291856
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LINC00460 7.019257066 133.7094509 19.0489463 4.251639291 0.0002486 0.002363681
RP11-503C24.1 0.143290076 6.142187717 42.86540897 5.421742003 0.0002507 0.002378891
RP11-395E19.6 18.51417437 4.130031461 0.223074028 −2.16440553835265 0.0002647 0.002497087
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LINC00461 0.471335949 10.62833513 22.54938361 4.495016093 0.00028 0.002624991
CTD-2003C8.2 35.9359772 7.792845047 0.216853573 −2.2052068824473 0.0002844 0.002658539
AC195454.1 32.79937 8.181260027 0.24943345 −2.00327314401599 0.0002912 0.002711381
RP11-567N4.3 0.089845281 4.744798126 52.8107659 5.72276016 0.0002931 0.002725812
RP11-6N13.1 0.013946637 2.629130868 188.5136051 7.558524837 0.0002951 0.002740914
LINC00393 0.13859528 7.187028732 51.85623002 5.69644542 0.0002987 0.002765073
AC015849.16 2.032750829 26.49131832 13.03225066 3.704014352 0.0003044 0.002811206
LINC01529 0.741558903 13.50892082 18.21692217 4.187207325 0.0003159 0.002903022
LINC01348 17.07257455 108.3122373 6.344224004 2.665443711 0.0003297 0.003011971
CTD-2535I10.1 0.148792282 5.497095837 36.94476469 5.207298035 0.0003302 0.003014629
RP11-328K4.1 0.26936578 7.510002376 27.88031339 4.801174873 0.0003311 0.003020094
RP11-383J24.1 0.163289565 5.688594195 34.8374631 5.122567664 0.0003396 0.003084342
RP11-108K3.2 0.181846636 6.773460823 37.24820519 5.219099006 0.0003427 0.003108333
LINC00896 3.963317148 41.11871525 10.37482334 3.375014866 0.0003462 0.003134167
RP11-317N12.1 0.131796345 6.912860848 52.45108177 5.712900623 0.0003796 0.003400513
RP11-408B11.2 0.439728513 9.669203483 21.98903006 4.458712063 0.0003802 0.0034053
RP11-417E7.2 2.340636303 28.40210065 12.13435022 3.601024951 0.0003807 0.003407922
LINC01290 47.04868283 10.57795983 0.224830095 −2.15309293215505 0.0003867 0.003455511
RP11-54O7.1 1.913344914 22.53012401 11.77525487 3.557686381 0.0004096 0.003640254
RP11-400N13.3 1.045452457 16.36181282 15.65046092 3.968133241 0.000418 0.003705195
RP11-352D13.5 28.39297186 5.592133077 0.196954835 −2.34406326411207 0.0004208 0.0037264
AC116035.1 9.147585872 1.47738052 0.161504963 −2.63034959305152 0.0004295 0.003794076
CTC-548K16.1 2.189347226 24.70197994 11.28280596 3.496053996 0.0004344 0.003831131
RP11-400D2.2 0.020365435 2.275684159 111.7424769 6.804033895 0.0004451 0.003913426
LINC01624 20.75061641 4.180082234 0.201443762 −2.31155096360526 0.0004577 0.004011851
CECR7 21.77243384 125.8651887 5.780942527 2.531304729 0.0004646 0.004063224
RP11-1124B17.1 0.298591683 7.382889597 24.7257041 4.627939699 0.0004752 0.004145143
RP11-51B23.3 19.07844748 3.808167826 0.19960575 −2.32477481125643 0.0004797 0.004179796
CTD-2619J13.13 9.403609672 72.96560891 7.759319181 2.955930073 0.0004856 0.004227606
MIR2052HG 1.000671925 13.57924572 13.57012761 3.762362382 0.0004932 0.004285216
RP11-13K12.1 4.91254931 46.22640362 9.409860482 3.234173333 0.0005003 0.004340044
RP11-496D24.2 0.259206088 7.073858107 27.29047824 4.770325772 0.0005214 0.004506692
CTD-2319I12.5 7.185532593 1.159948584 0.161428338 −2.63103423604141 0.000528 0.004557892
RP11-108K3.1 0.347376506 7.633224561 21.9739229 4.457720545 0.000529 0.004563319
LINC00501 0.545846666 26.36442895 48.3000641 5.593953199 0.0005301 0.004571455
AC145343.2 6.888660987 57.91971477 8.407978689 3.071759013 0.0005336 0.004597971
LINC01297 0.027177225 3.503684652 128.9198825 7.010330969 0.0005377 0.0046262
AC005537.2 2.33852028 29.99912536 12.82825111 3.681252594 0.0005627 0.004812372
AC092415.1 0.093888098 4.074268566 43.39494217 5.439454996 0.0005638 0.004819731
RP5-907D15.4 0.935340979 14.82776773 15.85279386 3.986665215 0.0005675 0.004844316
RP11-53B5.1 1.670849423 20.07642753 12.01570127 3.586848945 0.0005847 0.004966619
CTD-2515H24.2 45.63838629 10.57623917 0.23173999 −2.10942107377229 0.0005875 0.00498714
CCAT1 1.572870578 73.35092847 46.63506936 5.543343358 0.0005892 0.004996469
RP11-1070N10.7 0.184249398 5.287016275 28.69489037 4.842721957 0.0006008 0.005081898
RP11-161I6.2 1.259049232 20.44028363 16.23469767 4.021008613 0.0006038 0.005106069
RP11-13E5.2 0 1.439087312 Inf Inf 0.0006096 0.005152781
LINC00032 17.36534103 3.740416473 0.215395509 −2.21493992414432 0.0006577 0.005502384
UG0898H09 1.365065545 34.28511993 25.11609794 4.650540438 0.0006577 0.005502384
RP11-114H21.2 0.024637655 2.190915573 88.92549205 6.474525147 0.0006604 0.005520144
RP11-6F2.5 0.392910987 7.818661649 19.89932047 4.314647261 0.0006674 0.005571454
RP11-57A19.2 4.448163806 39.38155881 8.853441674 3.146238395 0.000684 0.00568161
AF131215.8 25.38661152 5.40186529 0.212784021 −2.2325382760569 0.0007026 0.005814437
LINC00880 2.833116664 28.87371409 10.19150198 3.34929478 0.0007041 0.005824498
RP11-412P11.1 0.013077185 4.423395808 338.2528998 8.401958492 0.0007079 0.005852146
RP11-416I2.1 4.153941363 39.73619612 9.56590203 3.257901016 0.0007134 0.005890063
AC027119.1 0.08012286 2.92982626 36.56667113 5.192457391 0.0007356 0.006052435
CTD-2532K18.2 0.152314548 5.167119698 33.92400637 5.084234655 0.0007493 0.006147782
RP11-608O21.1 0.127340348 4.024944926 31.6077739 4.982207526 0.000751 0.0061573
LINC01208 0.159966171 5.498522965 34.37303597 5.103205377 0.0007512 0.006157921
LINC01385 0.024840181 5.014651394 201.8766007 7.657329889 0.0007582 0.006200559
RP11-335L23.5 19.40222931 3.87356707 0.199645464 −2.32448780242442 0.0007893 0.006420716
CTD-2066L21.3 0.326898931 7.468377697 22.84613679 4.513878325 0.0007941 0.006453602
RP11-527D7.1 0.34513589 7.524860534 21.80260224 4.446428432 0.0008017 0.006510187
CTD-2357A8.3 8.527054324 62.08208945 7.28060208 2.864057761 0.0008023 0.006512962
WASIR2 2.349195539 27.0198068 11.50172744 3.523778651 0.0008121 0.006572905
CTD-3224I3.3 5.761709005 1.085824557 0.188455293 −2.40770578180368 0.0008245 0.006656382
LINC00160 1.208490538 16.49896283 13.65253786 3.771097252 0.0008244 0.006656382
RP11-1070N10.5 0.379387194 8.075135874 21.28468225 4.411743648 0.0008288 0.006685208
RP11-431M3.1 0 1.27573314 Inf Inf 0.0008302 0.006693217
RP11-439L18.1 17.5153354 3.441407064 0.196479655 −2.34754815942662 0.0008572 0.006878542
CTD-2227E11.1 7.436698946 55.33302673 7.440536068 2.895406567 0.0008596 0.006894349
AC073316.2 0.803122018 12.88094016 16.03858427 4.003474895 0.0008636 0.006922829
AP000696.2 0.122308734 3.888455795 31.79213498 4.990597998 0.0008916 0.007112504
AC113617.1 0.034273478 2.532291752 73.88487836 6.20720722 0.0008927 0.007118458
CTD-3193K9.11 16.9276694 3.646499793 0.215416529 −2.21479913946623 0.0009094 0.007223302
LINC00221 0.775103091 29.93029643 38.6146008 5.271074552 0.0009462 0.007463356
AC009236.2 0 1.201393756 Inf Inf 0.0009577 0.00754877
RP1-15D23.2 7.518156156 1.349856565 0.179546226 −2.4775727659696 0.0009674 0.007613436
RP11-396O20.2 0.352826839 6.438018483 18.24696357 4.189584504 0.0009719 0.007642504
RP11-180I4.4 10.41379331 2.094411629 0.201118993 −2.31387876020148 0.0009838 0.007723993
RP11-44F21.5 33.20806617 153.8097204 4.6316976 2.211541064 0.0009939 0.007794766
RP11-1038A11.1 1.083883723 14.98103809 13.82162843 3.788855696 0.001023 0.007985538
CTD-2384A14.1 0.253655009 5.851179741 23.06747167 4.52778798 0.0010318 0.0080419
RP11-297L17.2 0.083741799 7.539747664 90.03565424 6.492424519 0.0010378 0.008074388
RP11-57A1.1 0.48785861 9.638518569 19.75678684 4.304276427 0.0010588 0.008208608
C2orf48 4.01442139 32.8755688 8.189366688 3.033751888 0.0010674 0.008269797
RP11-237N19.3 0.160542571 4.900646687 30.52552765 4.931944328 0.0010817 0.008358608
LINC00211 11.41344477 2.360440974 0.206812318 −2.27360597482263 0.0010823 0.008359735
LINC01224 14.4337681 83.98266477 5.818485111 2.540643585 0.0011596 0.00886389
LINC01166 10.83587471 2.029500302 0.187294552 −2.41661915813136 0.0011717 0.008935899
AE000662.93 0.339497407 6.717885015 19.78773588 4.306534643 0.0011933 0.009078381
RP11-542G1.1 0.137575742 4.005799728 29.11704973 4.863792278 0.0011958 0.009090409
RP4-712E4.1 0.164668015 4.761429414 28.91532656 4.85376249 0.0012048 0.009148073
AC123023.1 15.03746187 3.182678961 0.21165001 −2.24024753521389 0.0012052 0.009148937
LINC01169 26.07034603 5.909136381 0.226661218 −2.14139053041161 0.0012091 0.009161157
LINC01597 6.843536565 120.5297366 17.61220028 4.13850325 0.0012102 0.009165339
XX-C2158C6.3 0.19573641 4.63839754 23.69716269 4.566642427 0.0012379 0.009354967
AC012531.25 0.880731502 12.4013134 14.08069699 3.815646843 0.0012603 0.0094977
RP11-356N1.2 26.45955415 6.450364988 0.243782074 −2.03633605028418 0.0012828 0.009626315
CTA-384D8.34 6.67355633 48.20996772 7.224029488 2.852803782 0.0012911 0.009682676
RP11-815M8.1 28.95577384 129.7764163 4.481883891 2.164105274 0.0012971 0.009713388
LINC00470 3.498161861 31.80328976 9.091428876 3.184507057 0.0013214 0.009880132
RP11-414H23.3 0.120894388 5.0694786 41.93311784 5.390018197 0.0013224 0.009886058
LINC01168 8.184913316 1.497808714 0.182996283 −2.45011374980004 0.0013293 0.009929169
RP11-513G11.2 0.245711727 5.522181353 22.47422792 4.490199649 0.0013406 0.009996557

Abbreviations: LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; pval, p-value; padj, adjusted p-value; Inf, infinity.

Table S2.

Univariate Cox regression result

ID Coefficient HR 95% lower confidence limit 95% upper confidence limit z-score Pr(>|z-score|)
RP11-434D9.1 −0.0966741972375059 0.907851739 0.872852909 0.944253918 −4.81960124604818 1.44E-06
RP11-497G19.2 −0.0473439461021022 0.953759299 0.932661358 0.975334502 −4.14823078202511 3.35E-05
LINC00518 0.062426122 1.064415819 1.033004562 1.096782218 4.084624611 4.41E-05
CCAT1 0.061524925 1.063457002 1.032176397 1.095685582 4.039030045 5.37E-05
LINC01352 −0.0775259586521217 0.925403002 0.891074473 0.961054033 −4.01965107946729 5.83E-05
AC109642.1 −0.198604826848537 0.819873821 0.742542429 0.90525882 −3.92910649036593 8.53E-05
RP11-21B23.2 0.047448381 1.048592072 1.023032534 1.074790193 3.768560627 0.000164192
LINC00968 −0.112456959219412 0.893635809 0.84257779 0.947787811 −3.74643656176588 0.000179364
C20orf197 −0.100336612475274 0.90453289 0.855976172 0.955844071 −3.56415277554824 0.000365033
RP5-839B4.8 −0.0557950614001376 0.945732933 0.91625924 0.976154719 −3.45398842120303 0.000552361
AC004947.2 −0.0706775712013429 0.931762271 0.894635793 0.97042946 −3.40683866899199 0.0006572
RP11-89K21.1 0.059434635 1.061236391 1.025517262 1.098199629 3.402401772 0.000667964
CTD-2357A8.3 0.13369701 1.143046436 1.058023925 1.234901333 3.390186923 0.00069845
RP11-383J24.1 0.045436493 1.046484543 1.019296977 1.07439728 3.383076937 0.000716785
RP1-78O14.1 −0.115817984483236 0.890637318 0.831897408 0.953524828 −3.32705805740635 0.000877681
RP11-805I24.3 −0.0598564532269907 0.941899731 0.909016263 0.97597275 −3.30135693597998 0.000962184
RP11-284F21.9 0.084983399 1.088698993 1.035089542 1.145084988 3.298601424 0.000971678
FENDRR −0.135464297017085 0.873310342 0.80517459 0.9472119 −3.26848592198045 0.001081246
CTD-2515H24.2 −0.0655750561616684 0.936528752 0.900229633 0.974291526 −3.25129345987659 0.001148812
RP11-403A3.3 −0.0570717782629788 0.94452627 0.912376211 0.977809225 −3.23000664904904 0.001237873
LINC00211 −0.0561909155082247 0.945358635 0.913378013 0.978459012 −3.20016448786522 0.001373492
RP11-297L17.2 0.043563702 1.04452653 1.015786206 1.074080023 3.060244919 0.002211561
RP11-1C8.7 0.034638156 1.035245043 1.012514154 1.05848624 3.057859117 0.002229244
LINC00857 0.248979002 1.282715098 1.093148801 1.505154671 3.051526147 0.002276812
DRAIC −0.0800454062234564 0.923074432 0.876720986 0.971878649 −3.04508603164289 0.002326138
RP11-95I16.2 −0.0413777158115412 0.959466656 0.933951603 0.985678766 −3.00890457823107 0.002621915
RP11-290F5.1 −0.133421168696628 0.875096451 0.799664272 0.957644134 −2.90098183652288 0.003719954
AC018647.3 −0.0913680429835309 0.912681743 0.856456575 0.972598014 −2.8164183505713 0.004856238
RP11-414H23.3 0.038543325 1.039295755 1.01115299 1.068221799 2.75183347 0.005926265
RP11-497G19.1 −0.0348532420354657 0.965747137 0.942001824 0.990091005 −2.74398781440122 0.006069779
RP11-10A14.5 0.075959951 1.078919364 1.02096391 1.140164685 2.696455799 0.00700817
LINC00473 0.032940886 1.033489444 1.008340619 1.0592655 2.620796567 0.008772459
LINC01559 0.040581086 1.04141575 1.009758111 1.074065911 2.576506327 0.009980438
RP11-238K6.1 −0.0407567082381766 0.960062677 0.930609742 0.99044777 −2.56371519366881 0.010355848
RP11-244M2.1 0.088962784 1.093039977 1.020423104 1.17082452 2.536369928 0.011200834
AC015849.16 0.093847381 1.098392098 1.021472885 1.1811035 2.533511725 0.011292596
RP11-523L20.2 −0.0417082104798268 0.95914961 0.928042202 0.991299718 −2.47943393724725 0.01315911
RP11-268F1.3 −0.0325167502190428 0.968006235 0.943161443 0.99350549 −2.45111781159234 0.014241333
RP11-396O20.2 −0.0347610659147038 0.96583616 0.939171135 0.993258261 −2.43353421830656 0.014952222
RP11-384F7.2 −0.0318829689497701 0.968619934 0.943888271 0.993999613 −2.41603173576339 0.015690694
LINC01290 −0.0631607723769502 0.93879253 0.891844983 0.988211439 −2.41301346081164 0.015821235
CTA-384D8.35 −0.116005976007262 0.890469902 0.810200598 0.978691756 −2.40683509472374 0.016091434
RP11-514D23.2 −0.036318585473227 0.964333022 0.936214792 0.993295754 −2.40550437106566 0.016150159
RP11-187E13.1 0.035238067 1.035866285 1.006007816 1.066610959 2.361351517 0.018208462
CTD-2147F2.1 0.027880691 1.028272995 1.004587271 1.052517171 2.344891972 0.019032593
RP11-57A1.1 0.047463564 1.048607994 1.007554757 1.091333962 2.32932886 0.019841651
RP11-6F2.5 0.038928927 1.039696587 1.006131811 1.074381091 2.325075242 0.020067937
AC123023.1 −0.0318790237776102 0.968623755 0.942769369 0.995187169 −2.30947045647177 0.020917489
LINC01447 −0.0412205591656668 0.959617454 0.926335577 0.9940951 −2.28881105771681 0.022090333
CTD-2377D24.6 0.052951369 1.054378368 1.006961856 1.104027661 2.255478779 0.024103293
CTD-2118P12.1 0.031079456 1.031567465 1.003916904 1.059979596 2.241963905 0.024963705
RP11-203H2.2 −0.0384577340761104 0.962272375 0.929902199 0.995769367 −2.20280247703062 0.027608674
RP11-400N13.3 0.045409352 1.046456141 1.004263951 1.090420955 2.162601122 0.030571872
RP11-253E3.3 0.161337856 1.17508191 1.015145464 1.360216387 2.161336638 0.030669345
AC145343.2 −0.115899603699602 0.890564628 0.801619427 0.989378912 −2.15886103997589 0.030860949
AC195454.1 −0.0338647123718174 0.966702279 0.936959527 0.997389181 −2.12392312862389 0.033676572
LINC01202 0.031596135 1.032100592 1.00244083 1.062637914 2.12383203 0.033684192
UG0898H09 0.034234839 1.034827596 1.001301296 1.069476447 2.037355312 0.041614449
RP11-401P9.4 −0.0886701381246491 0.915147396 0.839321207 0.997823896 −2.00932981931533 0.044502168
RP11-328J2.1 −0.0328048474651287 0.967727396 0.936714123 0.999767473 −1.97395737292672 0.04838659

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; Pr, probability.

Acknowledgments

This work was supported by Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province, China (411234349027), Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou (201803010024) and the Open Project Program of the State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease (2014SKLRD-O09). Authors would like to extend their sincere gratitude to Mark Deiparine for editing the manuscript. They also appreciate reviewers’ comments, which helped to improve this presentation. The abstract of this paper and part of the work were presented as a poster in the American Thoracic Society 2017 International Conference in Washington, DC on May 19, 2017 – May 24, 2017.

Footnotes

Author contributions

XL, KH, VYL, YL and AMC analyzed the TCGA data and performed the bioinformatics analysis. XS, HT, HX, XL, YL and JZ analyzed and interpreted the patient data in the TCGA dataset and evaluated the clinical significance. JZ, YL, AMC and XS conceived and designed the study. XS, HT and HX were major contributors in writing the manuscript. All the authors read and approved the final manuscript. All authors contributed toward data analysis, drafting and revising the paper and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Disclosure

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

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Associated Data

This section collects any data citations, data availability statements, or supplementary materials included in this article.

Supplementary Materials

Figure S1

Hierarchical cluster dendrogram of all differentially expressed lncRNAs from TCGA LUAD RNA-seq dataset. The horizontal axis shows clusters of samples, and the left vertical axis shows clusters of lncRNAs. The red rectangular strip in the upper portion of the picture represents normal tissue samples, and the light blue rectangular strip denotes LUAD samples. Red rectangles represent overexpressed genes, and green rectangles represent underexpressed lncRNAs. Black rectangles represent median-expressed lncRNAs.

Abbreviations: TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas; LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; RNA-seq, RNA sequencing.

cmar-10-3717s1.tif (8.2MB, tif)

Table S1.

Differentially expressed lncRNAs

ID Normal mean LUAD mean Fold change log2 fold change pval padj
FENDRR 2981.044549 202.0454063 0.067776715 −3.88306647965706 2.06E-58 2.35E-55
C14orf132 4536.086751 729.8425231 0.16089695 −2.635791116862 1.26E-36 4.41E-34
LINC01272 2806.558749 499.3803316 0.177933326 −2.49059135320854 2.22E-26 4.10E-24
RP3-340N1.2 8.089904837 537.0428035 66.38431655 6.052770537 1.41E-22 1.94E-20
RP11-88I21.2 158.625216 5.082194866 0.03203901 −4.9640266246449 1.01E-21 1.29E-19
LINC00511 137.6315305 1157.582966 8.410739614 3.072232672 4.17E-18 3.69E-16
RP11-141J13.5 193.0115915 8.868227479 0.045946606 −4.44389790523802 1.19E-17 9.84E-16
PCAT19 1231.988315 230.5331646 0.18712285 −2.41794235527104 3.12E-16 2.18E-14
FAM83H-AS1 394.577306 1902.408947 4.8213846 2.269447517 7.75E-15 4.72E-13
LINC00968 385.9077811 33.72847692 0.087400355 −3.51621705611803 3.04E-14 1.72E-12
AP002856.5 115.0495223 6.647208622 0.057776934 −4.1133625494181 1.39E-13 7.17E-12
RP11-284F21.9 6.141918547 250.6772173 40.81415527 5.350997693 1.49E-13 7.64E-12
RP1-78O14.1 574.6491884 63.41331362 0.11035135 −3.17982381789557 1.96E-13 9.89E-12
RP11-287F9.2 34.98863524 1.424814783 0.040722217 −4.6180400967434 4.68E-13 2.24E-11
GS1-600G8.5 327.0135833 29.48115008 0.090152677 −3.4714858515193 5.48E-13 2.61E-11
RP11-805I24.3 77.73713493 4.591115755 0.059059493 −4.08168722493331 7.25E-13 3.42E-11
MIR3945HG 257.2013858 21.76416665 0.084619166 −3.56287173018701 8.24E-13 3.83E-11
PVT1 109.9042973 731.3404474 6.65433896 2.734295356 1.61E-12 7.22E-11
LINC01314 581.6797822 66.86203392 0.114946464 −3.12096601344235 3.42E-12 1.48E-10
CASC9 3.877102467 177.2081692 45.70634146 5.514322439 3.74E-12 1.61E-10
LINC00665 225.0598783 1100.560291 4.890077697 2.289857388 5.82E-12 2.46E-10
LINC01082 42.576707 2.270463438 0.053326422 −4.22900566210113 9.14E-12 3.78E-10
AC011286.1 18.26333348 0.75709458 0.041454348 −4.59233276424982 1.90E-11 7.58E-10
AC128709.2 35.80940814 1.7201411 0.04803601 −4.37973985796622 3.36E-11 1.28E-09
AC109642.1 701.5189391 129.6115514 0.184758449 −2.43628775194037 4.68E-11 1.73E-09
RP11-401P9.4 736.6771455 152.074051 0.206432427 −2.27625848393677 6.33E-11 2.32E-09
RP11-89K21.1 0.764187204 80.81937877 105.758613 6.724631351 9.96E-11 3.54E-09
RP5-839B4.8 302.5155357 37.5504844 0.124127458 −3.01010581056547 3.03E-10 1.00E-08
RP11-81H3.2 0.332099875 49.41633002 148.7996044 7.217226881 6.11E-10 1.93E-08
CH17-360D5.2 501.2718126 85.9882572 0.17154018 −2.54338155142695 2.02E-09 5.82E-08
CTD-2139B15.5 0.049962099 25.1743678 503.8692964 8.976905737 2.84E-09 7.97E-08
LINC00551 114.7444773 13.63409013 0.118821319 −3.07313438771013 6.51E-09 1.73E-07
LINC01552 42.82576179 4.110438691 0.095980515 −3.38111462894993 6.91E-09 1.83E-07
LINC00973 1.121767602 82.0215184 73.11810241 6.192156724 8.97E-09 2.31E-07
LINC00163 48.6214147 4.52837318 0.093135364 −3.42452711134183 1.79E-08 4.34E-07
CTD-2008P7.8 0.168789071 25.75784117 152.6037262 7.253646379 1.80E-08 4.35E-07
BARX1-AS1 0.200119691 30.13316326 150.5757033 7.234345187 2.10E-08 5.02E-07
AC004947.2 93.79515642 11.53895041 0.123022881 −3.02300142260912 2.19E-08 5.22E-07
LINC00656 38.02105037 3.322697759 0.087391004 −3.51637141549505 2.27E-08 5.39E-07
AC005256.1 0 11.56605236 Inf Inf 2.37E-08 5.59E-07
AC008268.1 1184.201055 267.415188 0.225819076 −2.14676073224154 2.67E-08 6.24E-07
RP11-400N13.2 3.932808365 107.6598253 27.37479563 4.774776289 3.36E-08 7.74E-07
RP11-211G23.2 0.471898471 38.7962056 82.21303525 6.361295253 3.56E-08 8.16E-07
RP11-2N1.3 10.6461869 0.661485902 0.062133598 −4.00848257999429 3.79E-08 8.62E-07
AC098973.2 0.403399821 36.80499464 91.23701284 6.511547308 3.82E-08 8.69E-07
CTD-2527I21.15 0.884522194 55.04714502 62.23376351 5.959625589 4.17E-08 9.39E-07
CTD-3010D24.3 2.061925908 82.6561445 40.08686452 5.325057673 4.24E-08 9.50E-07
LINC00961 259.0204699 39.36654436 0.151982368 −2.71802413451879 4.56E-08 1.02E-06
CTB-43E15.1 48.60921098 5.110697758 0.105138464 −3.24963753754913 7.42E-08 1.61E-06
MNX1-AS1 2.128585073 78.3672325 36.81658464 5.202283893 7.67E-08 1.66E-06
RP5-826L7.1 23.56576143 2.182986774 0.092633832 −3.43231700230942 9.18E-08 1.95E-06
MIR548XHG 0.05448994 13.88864612 254.8845912 7.993700349 1.35E-07 2.80E-06
CTD-2591A6.2 0.012979672 10.89487903 839.3801638 9.71318056 1.46E-07 3.00E-06
RP11-474D1.3 0.71763177 152.3136505 212.2448545 7.729585768 1.58E-07 3.20E-06
BLACAT1 32.50389347 250.1656204 7.696481673 2.944199091 1.66E-07 3.36E-06
RP11-253E3.3 516.4366306 115.9501852 0.224519676 -2.15508621 1.70E-07 3.43E-06
LINC01194 0.295282101 31.6709472 107.2565764 6.744922298 1.82E-07 3.65E-06
LINC00858 1.70453546 60.03463963 35.22052844 5.13834465 2.13E-07 4.23E-06
RP11-353N14.2 2.494260363 78.1005978 31.31212722 4.968649618 2.98E-07 5.76E-06
C11orf97 107.0602523 19.12608794 0.178647888 −2.48480923784006 3.06E-07 5.89E-06
AC011294.3 2.376383526 71.27641438 29.99364942 4.906585165 3.64E-07 6.86E-06
LUCAT1 27.88216156 254.2714042 9.119501142 3.188954908 3.68E-07 6.94E-06
LINC00942 4.510955617 430.1562509 95.35812084 6.575283901 4.14E-07 7.73E-06
LINC00491 0.434791703 26.12257311 60.08066147 5.908828791 4.25E-07 7.92E-06
RP11-209K10.2 0.053751389 11.90773641 221.5335573 7.791381441 4.73E-07 8.73E-06
RP4-594A5.1 0.09756434 13.18263545 135.1173537 7.078069168 5.00E-07 9.19E-06
XXbac-BPG27H4.8 22.54955728 1.992359195 0.088354692 −3.50054943497547 5.30E-07 9.70E-06
RP11-138J23.1 0.112415044 12.96443455 115.3265088 6.849580356 5.52E-07 1.01E-05
LINC01070 6.672623055 0.554651466 0.083123453 −3.58860061236554 8.47E-07 1.48E-05
LINC01616 11.54492084 1.208269474 0.1046581 −3.25624412826157 9.59E-07 1.66E-05
LINC01234 1.359754799 61.61418661 45.31271862 5.501844145 1.07E-06 1.84E-05
RP11-434D9.1 145.7082364 23.01730556 0.157968459 −2.66229156582695 1.24E-06 2.11E-05
LINC01518 0.049708101 10.1784877 204.7651705 7.677826531 1.25E-06 2.12E-05
RP4-666F24.3 74.67252141 13.76506789 0.184339133 −2.43956572078585 1.26E-06 2.13E-05
CTD-2021H9.3 1.267804955 45.05470345 35.53756693 5.151273006 1.49E-06 2.48E-05
RP1-27K12.2 6.617323279 334.2507059 50.51146691 5.658539035 1.63E-06 2.70E-05
DRAIC 36.17361801 498.1301911 13.77053827 3.783513048 1.68E-06 2.78E-05
RP11-776H12.1 1.356231037 42.96637185 31.68071714 4.985533088 1.82E-06 2.99E-05
CTD-2501M5.1 16.15320361 1.516648211 0.093891481 −3.41286192440999 1.83E-06 3.00E-05
RP11-109J4.1 5.028913459 92.74081613 18.44152159 4.204885791 1.89E-06 3.08E-05
AC018647.3 76.34095893 11.85510137 0.155291491 −2.68694930938768 1.92E-06 3.12E-05
AP003900.6 0 7.202839535 Inf Inf 1.92E-06 3.12E-05
RP11-384F7.2 34.50519824 4.332125663 0.125549943 −2.99366672455614 1.96E-06 3.17E-05
LINC01214 0.231155395 18.14310901 78.48879745 6.294414851 2.01E-06 3.25E-05
LINC00702 287.9654299 60.49801789 0.21008778 −2.25093584624731 2.10E-06 3.37E-05
RP11-191L9.4 0.069368496 9.142962949 131.8028144 7.042237367 2.47E-06 3.91E-05
RP6-65G23.3 26.86213882 201.2764942 7.49294371 2.905532613 2.49E-06 3.93E-05
RP11-616M22.7 0.199187348 14.24034381 71.4922106 6.159714157 2.51E-06 3.96E-05
RP11-328J2.1 0.112184875 10.80243372 96.29135618 6.589334392 2.70E-06 4.23E-05
RP11-357H14.17 3.059063084 64.1588526 20.97336695 4.390486577 2.77E-06 4.33E-05
RP11-613D13.8 97.20655085 15.17948049 0.15615697 −2.67893112580812 2.78E-06 4.35E-05
RP11-403A3.3 50.55829101 6.715575788 0.132828378 −2.912364692197 3.08E-06 4.78E-05
CTD-2147F2.1 0.766586206 27.80855058 36.27582958 5.180936702 3.33E-06 5.13E-05
RP11-462G2.1 26.58592256 247.9575207 9.326647217 3.221358548 3.38E-06 5.19E-05
RP13-463N16.6 0.644364941 25.8662827 40.1422875 5.327050926 3.52E-06 5.37E-05
CTC-480C2.1 0.057369445 7.654388029 133.4227319 7.059860677 3.55E-06 5.41E-05
RP11-314N14.1 0 5.78493447 Inf Inf 3.71E-06 5.62E-05
RP11-548L20.1 0 6.597337826 Inf Inf 3.84E-06 5.81E-05
LINC01436 47.01255575 421.1647072 8.958557994 3.163266529 4.27E-06 6.41E-05
RP11-672A2.4 112.7122574 19.87316708 0.17631771 −2.50375070521421 4.59E-06 6.85E-05
LINC01611 0.010703432 6.26947593 585.7444548 9.194127581 4.99E-06 7.39E-05
LINC01447 19.44704841 2.442467278 0.125595783 −2.99314006562257 5.32E-06 7.85E-05
RP11-190J1.3 0.161473794 11.96958847 74.12712711 6.211929694 5.72E-06 8.39E-05
RP11-635O16.2 173.0908787 31.60001715 0.182563156 −2.45353245505645 5.93E-06 8.69E-05
RP11-312J18.6 30.12159062 3.850999272 0.12784847 −2.96749320067448 6.25E-06 9.10E-05
RP11-145G20.1 0.072000605 7.755862881 107.7194131 6.751134464 6.95E-06 0.000100215
LINC01207 39.6904527 256.7541244 6.468913983 2.693523529 7.75E-06 0.000110177
RP11-246K15.1 29.71218764 4.232615373 0.142453845 −2.81143353222706 7.79E-06 0.000110722
CTA-384D8.35 25.39251605 183.7524747 7.236481582 2.855288421 7.83E-06 0.000111175
RP11-380D23.2 0.016070831 6.540677129 406.9906047 8.66885168 7.89E-06 0.000111904
RP11-519M16.1 0 4.356779332 Inf Inf 9.05E-06 0.000126918
RP11-497G19.1 2.853226446 81.15961497 28.44485585 4.830095865 9.55E-06 0.000133265
RP11-514D23.2 7.878561897 0.814823936 0.103422928 −3.27337204714722 9.61E-06 0.000133946
RP11-238K6.1 237.2053266 45.66999002 0.192533577 −2.3768180271936 9.99E-06 0.000138736
LINC01614 7.463214228 93.11699158 12.47679468 3.641175445 1.00E-05 0.000138953
RP11-554I8.2 3.176521931 59.72673175 18.80255608 4.232856895 1.05E-05 0.000145777
LINC00648 4.173005026 67.20016188 16.10354204 4.009306145 1.15E-05 0.000157747
RP11-962G15.1 0.020365435 5.794031604 284.5032076 8.152301108 1.38E-05 0.000186199
LINC01395 0.369343975 16.89247758 45.73643735 5.515272086 1.46E-05 0.00019587
LINC00682 0.047245583 6.04687883 127.9882349 6.999867389 1.56E-05 0.00020771
RP11-565A3.2 0.029148016 6.111575617 209.6738121 7.712002872 1.62E-05 0.000215541
RP11-78L16.1 0.017457501 4.793562405 274.5846813 8.101107332 1.63E-05 0.00021632
LINC01446 1.360809215 30.40864731 22.34600337 4.48194492 1.65E-05 0.000219192
AL163953.2 0.073783096 6.976727434 94.55726049 6.563116333 1.66E-05 0.000220138
LINC01460 3.964654475 61.87062149 15.60555198 3.963987482 1.71E-05 0.000225355
RP11-485F13.1 0.053612235 5.761779972 107.4713627 6.747808473 1.73E-05 0.000228314
RP11-25H12.1 0.034045276 5.891818201 173.0583165 7.435114463 1.75E-05 0.00022979
LINC01270 21.75472655 160.6004658 7.38232519 2.884075289 1.90E-05 0.000247566
AC008271.1 0.312509597 12.36514654 39.5672538 5.306235032 1.95E-05 0.000254239
RP11-3B12.5 0.423367868 15.97002947 37.72140184 5.237311387 2.09E-05 0.000270535
RP11-445O3.3 0.300095709 15.06287671 50.19357571 5.64943082 2.11E-05 0.000273184
AC009410.1 0.221082883 10.5770381 47.84195836 5.580204541 2.15E-05 0.000277557
RP11-308B16.2 0.090579819 8.965107915 98.9746722 6.628987479 2.20E-05 0.000283527
AC006273.4 44.09572557 7.239540695 0.164177834 −2.60666873951989 2.52E-05 0.000318512
C20orf197 15.56542845 133.8652638 8.6001657 3.104364457 2.54E-05 0.000320691
RP11-30P6.6 1.372108612 29.76532497 21.69312598 4.439166055 2.56E-05 0.00032236
RP11-100L22.1 17.15551669 2.329620109 0.135794226 −2.88050595873858 2.60E-05 0.000327024
LINC01202 0 3.184922251 Inf Inf 2.62E-05 0.000328334
RP11-434I12.3 2.922179561 64.61721503 22.11267778 4.466801836 2.73E-05 0.000340554
RP11-203H2.2 7.481832381 0.93467043 0.124925337 −3.00086198809412 2.89E-05 0.000357659
RP1-35C21.1 24.5483517 3.848508029 0.156772564 −2.67325499584552 2.96E-05 0.000365915
AC079630.2 179.8709899 38.15962284 0.212149957 −2.23684370616534 2.99E-05 0.000368367
RP11-268F1.3 43.41104542 8.934326745 0.205807685 −2.28063124321683 3.04E-05 0.000374178
CMB9-22P13.1 46.26982154 225.8594278 4.881355068 2.287281697 3.05E-05 0.000375432
RP11-346D19.1 0.031404138 5.298279541 168.7127812 7.398425462 3.08E-05 0.000378422
GS1-120K12.4 0.023043796 4.363023917 189.3361653 7.564806198 3.10E-05 0.0003801
RP11-445O3.2 0.091370507 6.870784131 75.19695742 6.232602384 3.18E-05 0.000388637
RP11-60A8.1 0.530430449 23.10415171 43.55736321 5.444844716 3.39E-05 0.000412345
ERVMER61-1 0.028878152 6.191370585 214.3963558 7.744136574 3.50E-05 0.000424055
RP11-332J15.2 0.104232235 7.661905616 73.50802389 6.199829833 3.63E-05 0.000438331
CH17-360D5.3 157.8760522 33.98041144 0.215234743 −2.21601712293595 3.64E-05 0.000439182
LINC00355 1.08636071 24.63118901 22.67312209 4.502911159 3.71E-05 0.000446574
RP6-114E22.1 0.524347859 17.17604946 32.75697451 5.033730208 3.80E-05 0.000456597
RP11-93K22.13 2.933986413 45.05811971 15.35730347 3.940853016 3.83E-05 0.000459654
RP11-209E8.1 0.030480874 4.184671595 137.288437 7.10106631 3.89E-05 0.000465207
LINC00844 9.717350157 1.302917952 0.13408161 −2.89881671915689 3.93E-05 0.000469451
RP11-336A10.5 0.945968126 21.9097486 23.16119117 4.533637547 4.06E-05 0.000482105
RP11-254I22.3 3.907381157 52.94771132 13.55069014 3.760294425 4.32E-05 0.000508006
RP11-474D1.4 0.024867022 6.448148137 259.3051987 8.01850732 4.34E-05 0.000510698
LINC01021 1.714172099 30.13699806 17.58108074 4.135951853 4.40E-05 0.000516859
LINC00342 268.0330582 1108.560676 4.135910262 2.048204884 4.44E-05 0.000520748
CTD-2292M14.1 0.500743025 15.89041309 31.73366833 4.987942397 4.54E-05 0.000531007
CTD-2337I7.1 1.130348765 22.54825258 19.94804903 4.318175749 5.13E-05 0.000593082
RP11-497G19.2 1.402718846 34.76559315 24.78443435 4.631362428 5.44E-05 0.000625012
RP11-95I16.2 42.54270799 7.629914892 0.179347184 −2.47917299926081 5.58E-05 0.000638325
LINC00473 21.70280685 277.1374737 12.76966043 3.674648256 6.10E-05 0.000692594
CTD-2377D24.6 3.504266369 53.82928401 15.36107086 3.941206888 6.22E-05 0.000704991
RP4-809F18.1 1.110138891 21.93340086 19.75734841 4.304317434 6.53E-05 0.000737233
AP000472.2 0 2.56134442 Inf Inf 6.56E-05 0.000741171
RP11-10A14.5 2.677067167 63.70372646 23.79608822 4.572652527 6.72E-05 0.000756534
RP11-445O3.1 0 2.805631092 Inf Inf 6.81E-05 0.000764257
LINC00668 2.608511281 41.40941132 15.87472963 3.988660116 6.86E-05 0.000769074
PTPRD-AS1 67.31896946 13.93071391 0.206935935 −2.27274389791362 6.89E-05 0.000770692
RP11-493L12.5 1.048265544 20.64451951 19.6939789 4.299682713 6.99E-05 0.000781026
CTA-280A3.2 0.030480874 3.650086047 119.7500441 6.903882378 7.15E-05 0.000796631
RP3-332B22.1 9.995435357 1.408349233 0.140899239 −2.82726427707433 7.25E-05 0.000805007
RP11-523L20.2 0.922996356 20.06486646 21.73883605 4.442202792 7.25E-05 0.000805007
LINC00891 55.47383928 10.10764693 0.18220565 −2.45636040110787 7.47E-05 0.000826613
RP11-734K21.5 3.644156467 50.53796856 13.86822136 3.793710865 7.64E-05 0.00084379
ELFN1-AS1 2.771164086 40.00344208 14.43560931 3.851560098 7.70E-05 0.000849695
RP11-1C8.7 0.176949315 8.41859726 47.57632019 5.572171785 7.74E-05 0.000853983
RP11-244M2.1 2.952550924 42.47322164 14.38526303 3.846519695 7.75E-05 0.000854371
AC007879.7 8.31855601 83.72841952 10.06525885 3.33131237 7.86E-05 0.000865437
RP11-98G7.1 1.028073563 21.48950318 20.90269019 4.385616725 8.14E-05 0.000893046
RP11-476K15.1 0.612377189 14.32080988 23.38560306 4.547548728 8.18E-05 0.000895623
RP11-359E19.2 4.808325503 114.6118531 23.83612612 4.575077881 8.18E-05 0.000895623
LINC01197 109.6483134 26.78646601 0.244294373 −2.03330745935022 0.000105 0.001118377
RP11-114H23.1 1.411808069 23.5925861 16.71090187 4.062717691 0.0001106 0.001170638
LINC00887 1.684211344 25.87489482 15.36321134 3.941407906 0.0001131 0.001195119
RP11-796E10.1 0.494277323 13.17681298 26.65874472 4.736536945 0.0001172 0.001232341
RP11-279F6.2 0.926647451 37.61226771 40.5896198 5.343038921 0.0001172 0.001232341
MIR137HG 0.329075044 14.12067983 42.9102118 5.423249117 0.0001229 0.001284286
DGCR9 10.86895454 88.0817823 8.10397927 3.018630484 0.0001265 0.001318527
RP11-424M24.5 47.20627508 11.60340161 0.245802101 −2.02443084626143 0.0001268 0.001320354
RP11-390F4.3 12.96510823 99.27440256 7.657043876 2.936787524 0.000127 0.00132143
RP11-146N18.1 0.088973047 5.196771966 58.40838453 5.868103578 0.0001298 0.001344908
RP11-672A2.1 0.659655685 15.55565357 23.58147428 4.559582011 0.000133 0.001371961
RP11-284G10.1 0.011023084 4.099597012 371.9101707 8.538810392 0.0001341 0.001380538
RP11-187E13.1 0.500161793 13.33398821 26.65934983 4.736569691 0.0001361 0.001399941
RP11-352B15.2 0.029861505 10.21504152 342.0806 8.418192479 0.0001376 0.001413585
RP11-211C9.1 1.813918817 26.77695521 14.76193695 3.883810128 0.0001393 0.001427657
RP11-555J4.3 0.008870375 3.062780751 345.2819938 8.43163129 0.0001403 0.00143714
AC124944.5 2.76265417 37.85365672 13.70191649 3.776305792 0.0001409 0.001441588
RP11-54O7.18 1.238909912 20.57030942 16.60355546 4.053420306 0.0001416 0.001448367
RP11-180C1.1 0.024637655 6.425248209 260.7897655 8.026743443 0.0001487 0.001509641
LINC00165 20.62587252 3.409873835 0.165320223 −2.59666488401555 0.0001499 0.001519883
LVCAT1 1.990197299 34.17573512 17.17203371 4.101989005 0.0001499 0.001520056
RP11-471M2.3 0.038584292 5.614654357 145.5165836 7.185039767 0.0001503 0.00152234
LINC01352 40.51600262 8.173994017 0.201747297 −2.30937874976962 0.0001523 0.001539551
RP11-863P13.4 23.30925725 4.13816717 0.177533206 −2.49383920130296 0.000153 0.001544631
LINC00857 41.88112963 202.0652172 4.824731782 2.270448742 0.0001535 0.001548835
LINC00862 2.32519339 35.15251725 15.11810476 3.918205386 0.0001567 0.00157769
TUSC8 2.153333946 31.25383176 14.51415922 3.859389097 0.0001694 0.001687829
AC025016.1 0.073167259 4.085619145 55.83944489 5.803212694 0.0001712 0.001704804
LINC00251 0 2.133431796 Inf Inf 0.0001741 0.001731351
CTD-2118P12.1 0.211878907 7.633743531 36.02880361 5.171078841 0.0001756 0.001744244
KIF25-AS1 7.170910509 71.03404443 9.905861236 3.308282411 0.0001787 0.001772767
LINC00898 0.105176884 5.350901966 50.87526593 5.668892525 0.0001798 0.001783054
RP11-143E21.3 0.400620918 37.32182905 93.15996099 6.54163813 0.0001812 0.00179376
LINC01506 25.79441323 4.64264937 0.179986625 −2.47403839577747 0.0001826 0.001805964
RP11-794G24.1 3.262721056 38.50398412 11.80118786 3.560860178 0.0001986 0.001945935
CASC16 0.481008373 11.07725976 23.02924521 4.525395222 0.0002009 0.001965687
RP11-626P14.2 0.259369972 9.127963895 35.19283218 5.137209716 0.0002016 0.001972043
RP11-295M18.6 24.06065069 4.644559058 0.193035472 −2.37306211641369 0.0002033 0.001985625
AC009262.2 0.024840181 2.95774541 119.0710066 6.895678354 0.0002069 0.002017711
LINC00518 0.025413895 2.744409572 107.9885475 6.754734508 0.0002168 0.002099251
RP11-144A16.8 15.30588883 3.300302346 0.215623044 −2.21341672297669 0.0002182 0.002110689
LINC01456 0.073071088 4.507000233 61.67966475 5.946723019 0.0002197 0.002124018
LINC00383 0 2.926598654 Inf Inf 0.00022 0.002125633
RP11-95M15.1 0.46144417 10.23855666 22.18807244 4.471712436 0.0002207 0.002131873
C1orf140 11.43761516 1.969073421 0.172157691 −2.53819745810598 0.0002227 0.002149694
RP11-290F5.1 20.60088338 127.4973948 6.188928526 2.629689661 0.0002292 0.002200775
AC069277.2 0.624338061 13.93588671 22.32105903 4.480333573 0.0002375 0.002272036
RP11-21B23.2 0.016587775 6.980247321 420.8067254 8.717013952 0.0002375 0.002272036
LINC01559 1.471566858 134.0844688 91.11680391 6.509645238 0.0002397 0.002291856
RP11-101E5.1 11.07495543 2.310214527 0.208598088 −2.26120216065066 0.0002429 0.002316427
LINC00460 7.019257066 133.7094509 19.0489463 4.251639291 0.0002486 0.002363681
RP11-503C24.1 0.143290076 6.142187717 42.86540897 5.421742003 0.0002507 0.002378891
RP11-395E19.6 18.51417437 4.130031461 0.223074028 −2.16440553835265 0.0002647 0.002497087
RP4-712E4.2 0 1.832404658 Inf Inf 0.0002712 0.002553337
RP11-148B3.2 2.742117984 36.94069515 13.47159216 3.751848463 0.0002715 0.002555377
LINC00461 0.471335949 10.62833513 22.54938361 4.495016093 0.00028 0.002624991
CTD-2003C8.2 35.9359772 7.792845047 0.216853573 −2.2052068824473 0.0002844 0.002658539
AC195454.1 32.79937 8.181260027 0.24943345 −2.00327314401599 0.0002912 0.002711381
RP11-567N4.3 0.089845281 4.744798126 52.8107659 5.72276016 0.0002931 0.002725812
RP11-6N13.1 0.013946637 2.629130868 188.5136051 7.558524837 0.0002951 0.002740914
LINC00393 0.13859528 7.187028732 51.85623002 5.69644542 0.0002987 0.002765073
AC015849.16 2.032750829 26.49131832 13.03225066 3.704014352 0.0003044 0.002811206
LINC01529 0.741558903 13.50892082 18.21692217 4.187207325 0.0003159 0.002903022
LINC01348 17.07257455 108.3122373 6.344224004 2.665443711 0.0003297 0.003011971
CTD-2535I10.1 0.148792282 5.497095837 36.94476469 5.207298035 0.0003302 0.003014629
RP11-328K4.1 0.26936578 7.510002376 27.88031339 4.801174873 0.0003311 0.003020094
RP11-383J24.1 0.163289565 5.688594195 34.8374631 5.122567664 0.0003396 0.003084342
RP11-108K3.2 0.181846636 6.773460823 37.24820519 5.219099006 0.0003427 0.003108333
LINC00896 3.963317148 41.11871525 10.37482334 3.375014866 0.0003462 0.003134167
RP11-317N12.1 0.131796345 6.912860848 52.45108177 5.712900623 0.0003796 0.003400513
RP11-408B11.2 0.439728513 9.669203483 21.98903006 4.458712063 0.0003802 0.0034053
RP11-417E7.2 2.340636303 28.40210065 12.13435022 3.601024951 0.0003807 0.003407922
LINC01290 47.04868283 10.57795983 0.224830095 −2.15309293215505 0.0003867 0.003455511
RP11-54O7.1 1.913344914 22.53012401 11.77525487 3.557686381 0.0004096 0.003640254
RP11-400N13.3 1.045452457 16.36181282 15.65046092 3.968133241 0.000418 0.003705195
RP11-352D13.5 28.39297186 5.592133077 0.196954835 −2.34406326411207 0.0004208 0.0037264
AC116035.1 9.147585872 1.47738052 0.161504963 −2.63034959305152 0.0004295 0.003794076
CTC-548K16.1 2.189347226 24.70197994 11.28280596 3.496053996 0.0004344 0.003831131
RP11-400D2.2 0.020365435 2.275684159 111.7424769 6.804033895 0.0004451 0.003913426
LINC01624 20.75061641 4.180082234 0.201443762 −2.31155096360526 0.0004577 0.004011851
CECR7 21.77243384 125.8651887 5.780942527 2.531304729 0.0004646 0.004063224
RP11-1124B17.1 0.298591683 7.382889597 24.7257041 4.627939699 0.0004752 0.004145143
RP11-51B23.3 19.07844748 3.808167826 0.19960575 −2.32477481125643 0.0004797 0.004179796
CTD-2619J13.13 9.403609672 72.96560891 7.759319181 2.955930073 0.0004856 0.004227606
MIR2052HG 1.000671925 13.57924572 13.57012761 3.762362382 0.0004932 0.004285216
RP11-13K12.1 4.91254931 46.22640362 9.409860482 3.234173333 0.0005003 0.004340044
RP11-496D24.2 0.259206088 7.073858107 27.29047824 4.770325772 0.0005214 0.004506692
CTD-2319I12.5 7.185532593 1.159948584 0.161428338 −2.63103423604141 0.000528 0.004557892
RP11-108K3.1 0.347376506 7.633224561 21.9739229 4.457720545 0.000529 0.004563319
LINC00501 0.545846666 26.36442895 48.3000641 5.593953199 0.0005301 0.004571455
AC145343.2 6.888660987 57.91971477 8.407978689 3.071759013 0.0005336 0.004597971
LINC01297 0.027177225 3.503684652 128.9198825 7.010330969 0.0005377 0.0046262
AC005537.2 2.33852028 29.99912536 12.82825111 3.681252594 0.0005627 0.004812372
AC092415.1 0.093888098 4.074268566 43.39494217 5.439454996 0.0005638 0.004819731
RP5-907D15.4 0.935340979 14.82776773 15.85279386 3.986665215 0.0005675 0.004844316
RP11-53B5.1 1.670849423 20.07642753 12.01570127 3.586848945 0.0005847 0.004966619
CTD-2515H24.2 45.63838629 10.57623917 0.23173999 −2.10942107377229 0.0005875 0.00498714
CCAT1 1.572870578 73.35092847 46.63506936 5.543343358 0.0005892 0.004996469
RP11-1070N10.7 0.184249398 5.287016275 28.69489037 4.842721957 0.0006008 0.005081898
RP11-161I6.2 1.259049232 20.44028363 16.23469767 4.021008613 0.0006038 0.005106069
RP11-13E5.2 0 1.439087312 Inf Inf 0.0006096 0.005152781
LINC00032 17.36534103 3.740416473 0.215395509 −2.21493992414432 0.0006577 0.005502384
UG0898H09 1.365065545 34.28511993 25.11609794 4.650540438 0.0006577 0.005502384
RP11-114H21.2 0.024637655 2.190915573 88.92549205 6.474525147 0.0006604 0.005520144
RP11-6F2.5 0.392910987 7.818661649 19.89932047 4.314647261 0.0006674 0.005571454
RP11-57A19.2 4.448163806 39.38155881 8.853441674 3.146238395 0.000684 0.00568161
AF131215.8 25.38661152 5.40186529 0.212784021 −2.2325382760569 0.0007026 0.005814437
LINC00880 2.833116664 28.87371409 10.19150198 3.34929478 0.0007041 0.005824498
RP11-412P11.1 0.013077185 4.423395808 338.2528998 8.401958492 0.0007079 0.005852146
RP11-416I2.1 4.153941363 39.73619612 9.56590203 3.257901016 0.0007134 0.005890063
AC027119.1 0.08012286 2.92982626 36.56667113 5.192457391 0.0007356 0.006052435
CTD-2532K18.2 0.152314548 5.167119698 33.92400637 5.084234655 0.0007493 0.006147782
RP11-608O21.1 0.127340348 4.024944926 31.6077739 4.982207526 0.000751 0.0061573
LINC01208 0.159966171 5.498522965 34.37303597 5.103205377 0.0007512 0.006157921
LINC01385 0.024840181 5.014651394 201.8766007 7.657329889 0.0007582 0.006200559
RP11-335L23.5 19.40222931 3.87356707 0.199645464 −2.32448780242442 0.0007893 0.006420716
CTD-2066L21.3 0.326898931 7.468377697 22.84613679 4.513878325 0.0007941 0.006453602
RP11-527D7.1 0.34513589 7.524860534 21.80260224 4.446428432 0.0008017 0.006510187
CTD-2357A8.3 8.527054324 62.08208945 7.28060208 2.864057761 0.0008023 0.006512962
WASIR2 2.349195539 27.0198068 11.50172744 3.523778651 0.0008121 0.006572905
CTD-3224I3.3 5.761709005 1.085824557 0.188455293 −2.40770578180368 0.0008245 0.006656382
LINC00160 1.208490538 16.49896283 13.65253786 3.771097252 0.0008244 0.006656382
RP11-1070N10.5 0.379387194 8.075135874 21.28468225 4.411743648 0.0008288 0.006685208
RP11-431M3.1 0 1.27573314 Inf Inf 0.0008302 0.006693217
RP11-439L18.1 17.5153354 3.441407064 0.196479655 −2.34754815942662 0.0008572 0.006878542
CTD-2227E11.1 7.436698946 55.33302673 7.440536068 2.895406567 0.0008596 0.006894349
AC073316.2 0.803122018 12.88094016 16.03858427 4.003474895 0.0008636 0.006922829
AP000696.2 0.122308734 3.888455795 31.79213498 4.990597998 0.0008916 0.007112504
AC113617.1 0.034273478 2.532291752 73.88487836 6.20720722 0.0008927 0.007118458
CTD-3193K9.11 16.9276694 3.646499793 0.215416529 −2.21479913946623 0.0009094 0.007223302
LINC00221 0.775103091 29.93029643 38.6146008 5.271074552 0.0009462 0.007463356
AC009236.2 0 1.201393756 Inf Inf 0.0009577 0.00754877
RP1-15D23.2 7.518156156 1.349856565 0.179546226 −2.4775727659696 0.0009674 0.007613436
RP11-396O20.2 0.352826839 6.438018483 18.24696357 4.189584504 0.0009719 0.007642504
RP11-180I4.4 10.41379331 2.094411629 0.201118993 −2.31387876020148 0.0009838 0.007723993
RP11-44F21.5 33.20806617 153.8097204 4.6316976 2.211541064 0.0009939 0.007794766
RP11-1038A11.1 1.083883723 14.98103809 13.82162843 3.788855696 0.001023 0.007985538
CTD-2384A14.1 0.253655009 5.851179741 23.06747167 4.52778798 0.0010318 0.0080419
RP11-297L17.2 0.083741799 7.539747664 90.03565424 6.492424519 0.0010378 0.008074388
RP11-57A1.1 0.48785861 9.638518569 19.75678684 4.304276427 0.0010588 0.008208608
C2orf48 4.01442139 32.8755688 8.189366688 3.033751888 0.0010674 0.008269797
RP11-237N19.3 0.160542571 4.900646687 30.52552765 4.931944328 0.0010817 0.008358608
LINC00211 11.41344477 2.360440974 0.206812318 −2.27360597482263 0.0010823 0.008359735
LINC01224 14.4337681 83.98266477 5.818485111 2.540643585 0.0011596 0.00886389
LINC01166 10.83587471 2.029500302 0.187294552 −2.41661915813136 0.0011717 0.008935899
AE000662.93 0.339497407 6.717885015 19.78773588 4.306534643 0.0011933 0.009078381
RP11-542G1.1 0.137575742 4.005799728 29.11704973 4.863792278 0.0011958 0.009090409
RP4-712E4.1 0.164668015 4.761429414 28.91532656 4.85376249 0.0012048 0.009148073
AC123023.1 15.03746187 3.182678961 0.21165001 −2.24024753521389 0.0012052 0.009148937
LINC01169 26.07034603 5.909136381 0.226661218 −2.14139053041161 0.0012091 0.009161157
LINC01597 6.843536565 120.5297366 17.61220028 4.13850325 0.0012102 0.009165339
XX-C2158C6.3 0.19573641 4.63839754 23.69716269 4.566642427 0.0012379 0.009354967
AC012531.25 0.880731502 12.4013134 14.08069699 3.815646843 0.0012603 0.0094977
RP11-356N1.2 26.45955415 6.450364988 0.243782074 −2.03633605028418 0.0012828 0.009626315
CTA-384D8.34 6.67355633 48.20996772 7.224029488 2.852803782 0.0012911 0.009682676
RP11-815M8.1 28.95577384 129.7764163 4.481883891 2.164105274 0.0012971 0.009713388
LINC00470 3.498161861 31.80328976 9.091428876 3.184507057 0.0013214 0.009880132
RP11-414H23.3 0.120894388 5.0694786 41.93311784 5.390018197 0.0013224 0.009886058
LINC01168 8.184913316 1.497808714 0.182996283 −2.45011374980004 0.0013293 0.009929169
RP11-513G11.2 0.245711727 5.522181353 22.47422792 4.490199649 0.0013406 0.009996557

Abbreviations: LUAD, lung adenocarcinoma; pval, p-value; padj, adjusted p-value; Inf, infinity.

Table S2.

Univariate Cox regression result

ID Coefficient HR 95% lower confidence limit 95% upper confidence limit z-score Pr(>|z-score|)
RP11-434D9.1 −0.0966741972375059 0.907851739 0.872852909 0.944253918 −4.81960124604818 1.44E-06
RP11-497G19.2 −0.0473439461021022 0.953759299 0.932661358 0.975334502 −4.14823078202511 3.35E-05
LINC00518 0.062426122 1.064415819 1.033004562 1.096782218 4.084624611 4.41E-05
CCAT1 0.061524925 1.063457002 1.032176397 1.095685582 4.039030045 5.37E-05
LINC01352 −0.0775259586521217 0.925403002 0.891074473 0.961054033 −4.01965107946729 5.83E-05
AC109642.1 −0.198604826848537 0.819873821 0.742542429 0.90525882 −3.92910649036593 8.53E-05
RP11-21B23.2 0.047448381 1.048592072 1.023032534 1.074790193 3.768560627 0.000164192
LINC00968 −0.112456959219412 0.893635809 0.84257779 0.947787811 −3.74643656176588 0.000179364
C20orf197 −0.100336612475274 0.90453289 0.855976172 0.955844071 −3.56415277554824 0.000365033
RP5-839B4.8 −0.0557950614001376 0.945732933 0.91625924 0.976154719 −3.45398842120303 0.000552361
AC004947.2 −0.0706775712013429 0.931762271 0.894635793 0.97042946 −3.40683866899199 0.0006572
RP11-89K21.1 0.059434635 1.061236391 1.025517262 1.098199629 3.402401772 0.000667964
CTD-2357A8.3 0.13369701 1.143046436 1.058023925 1.234901333 3.390186923 0.00069845
RP11-383J24.1 0.045436493 1.046484543 1.019296977 1.07439728 3.383076937 0.000716785
RP1-78O14.1 −0.115817984483236 0.890637318 0.831897408 0.953524828 −3.32705805740635 0.000877681
RP11-805I24.3 −0.0598564532269907 0.941899731 0.909016263 0.97597275 −3.30135693597998 0.000962184
RP11-284F21.9 0.084983399 1.088698993 1.035089542 1.145084988 3.298601424 0.000971678
FENDRR −0.135464297017085 0.873310342 0.80517459 0.9472119 −3.26848592198045 0.001081246
CTD-2515H24.2 −0.0655750561616684 0.936528752 0.900229633 0.974291526 −3.25129345987659 0.001148812
RP11-403A3.3 −0.0570717782629788 0.94452627 0.912376211 0.977809225 −3.23000664904904 0.001237873
LINC00211 −0.0561909155082247 0.945358635 0.913378013 0.978459012 −3.20016448786522 0.001373492
RP11-297L17.2 0.043563702 1.04452653 1.015786206 1.074080023 3.060244919 0.002211561
RP11-1C8.7 0.034638156 1.035245043 1.012514154 1.05848624 3.057859117 0.002229244
LINC00857 0.248979002 1.282715098 1.093148801 1.505154671 3.051526147 0.002276812
DRAIC −0.0800454062234564 0.923074432 0.876720986 0.971878649 −3.04508603164289 0.002326138
RP11-95I16.2 −0.0413777158115412 0.959466656 0.933951603 0.985678766 −3.00890457823107 0.002621915
RP11-290F5.1 −0.133421168696628 0.875096451 0.799664272 0.957644134 −2.90098183652288 0.003719954
AC018647.3 −0.0913680429835309 0.912681743 0.856456575 0.972598014 −2.8164183505713 0.004856238
RP11-414H23.3 0.038543325 1.039295755 1.01115299 1.068221799 2.75183347 0.005926265
RP11-497G19.1 −0.0348532420354657 0.965747137 0.942001824 0.990091005 −2.74398781440122 0.006069779
RP11-10A14.5 0.075959951 1.078919364 1.02096391 1.140164685 2.696455799 0.00700817
LINC00473 0.032940886 1.033489444 1.008340619 1.0592655 2.620796567 0.008772459
LINC01559 0.040581086 1.04141575 1.009758111 1.074065911 2.576506327 0.009980438
RP11-238K6.1 −0.0407567082381766 0.960062677 0.930609742 0.99044777 −2.56371519366881 0.010355848
RP11-244M2.1 0.088962784 1.093039977 1.020423104 1.17082452 2.536369928 0.011200834
AC015849.16 0.093847381 1.098392098 1.021472885 1.1811035 2.533511725 0.011292596
RP11-523L20.2 −0.0417082104798268 0.95914961 0.928042202 0.991299718 −2.47943393724725 0.01315911
RP11-268F1.3 −0.0325167502190428 0.968006235 0.943161443 0.99350549 −2.45111781159234 0.014241333
RP11-396O20.2 −0.0347610659147038 0.96583616 0.939171135 0.993258261 −2.43353421830656 0.014952222
RP11-384F7.2 −0.0318829689497701 0.968619934 0.943888271 0.993999613 −2.41603173576339 0.015690694
LINC01290 −0.0631607723769502 0.93879253 0.891844983 0.988211439 −2.41301346081164 0.015821235
CTA-384D8.35 −0.116005976007262 0.890469902 0.810200598 0.978691756 −2.40683509472374 0.016091434
RP11-514D23.2 −0.036318585473227 0.964333022 0.936214792 0.993295754 −2.40550437106566 0.016150159
RP11-187E13.1 0.035238067 1.035866285 1.006007816 1.066610959 2.361351517 0.018208462
CTD-2147F2.1 0.027880691 1.028272995 1.004587271 1.052517171 2.344891972 0.019032593
RP11-57A1.1 0.047463564 1.048607994 1.007554757 1.091333962 2.32932886 0.019841651
RP11-6F2.5 0.038928927 1.039696587 1.006131811 1.074381091 2.325075242 0.020067937
AC123023.1 −0.0318790237776102 0.968623755 0.942769369 0.995187169 −2.30947045647177 0.020917489
LINC01447 −0.0412205591656668 0.959617454 0.926335577 0.9940951 −2.28881105771681 0.022090333
CTD-2377D24.6 0.052951369 1.054378368 1.006961856 1.104027661 2.255478779 0.024103293
CTD-2118P12.1 0.031079456 1.031567465 1.003916904 1.059979596 2.241963905 0.024963705
RP11-203H2.2 −0.0384577340761104 0.962272375 0.929902199 0.995769367 −2.20280247703062 0.027608674
RP11-400N13.3 0.045409352 1.046456141 1.004263951 1.090420955 2.162601122 0.030571872
RP11-253E3.3 0.161337856 1.17508191 1.015145464 1.360216387 2.161336638 0.030669345
AC145343.2 −0.115899603699602 0.890564628 0.801619427 0.989378912 −2.15886103997589 0.030860949
AC195454.1 −0.0338647123718174 0.966702279 0.936959527 0.997389181 −2.12392312862389 0.033676572
LINC01202 0.031596135 1.032100592 1.00244083 1.062637914 2.12383203 0.033684192
UG0898H09 0.034234839 1.034827596 1.001301296 1.069476447 2.037355312 0.041614449
RP11-401P9.4 −0.0886701381246491 0.915147396 0.839321207 0.997823896 −2.00932981931533 0.044502168
RP11-328J2.1 −0.0328048474651287 0.967727396 0.936714123 0.999767473 −1.97395737292672 0.04838659

Abbreviations: HR, hazard ratio; Pr, probability.


Articles from Cancer Management and Research are provided here courtesy of Dove Press

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