Table 1.
Comparison in baseline characteristics, clinical parameters, investigations and treatment between type 1 MI, type 2 MI and multifactorial myocardial injury
| Type 1 MI | Type 2 MI | Multifactorial myocardial injury | p T1 vs T2 | p T2 vs M | |
| Total number | 888 | 246 | 165 | ||
| Age, years, mean (SD) | 73.0 (12.9) | 79.5 (11.2) | 79.9 (10.8) | <0.001 | ns |
| Male sex, n (%) | 548 (61.7) | 124 (50.4) | 84 (50.9) | 0.001 | ns |
| Risk factors and medical history, n (%) | |||||
| Current smoking | 175 (19.7) | 26 (10.6) | 12 (7.3) | 0.001 | ns |
| Diabetes mellitus type 2 | 175 (19.7) | 63 (25.6) | 35 (21.2) | 0.044 | ns |
| Hypertension | 484 (54.5) | 148 (60.2) | 96 (58.2) | ns | ns |
| Hyperlipidaemia | 230 (25.9) | 40 (16.3) | 36 (21.8) | 0.002 | ns |
| Prior MI | 255 (28.7) | 97 (39.4) | 63 (38.2) | 0.001 | ns |
| Known heart failure | 103 (11.6) | 62 (25.2) | 48 (29.1) | <0.001 | ns |
| Chronic kidney disease | 56 (6.3) | 39 (15.9) | 28 (15.8) | <0.001 | ns |
| Symptoms at admission, n (%) | |||||
| Chest pain | 745 (83.9) | 133 (54.1) | 56 (33.9) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Clinical findings, mean/n tested (IQR) | |||||
| Oxygen saturation | 97/688 (95–98) | 95/199 (91–98) | 95/125 (91–97) | <0.001 | ns |
| Systolic blood pressure | 147/845 (130–165) | 140/237 (120–177) | 140/158 (120–164) | ns | ns |
| Heart rate | 78/846 (67–90) | 92/236 (78–120) | 88/157 (70–100) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Treating department, n (%) | |||||
| Cardiology department | 716 (80.6) | 132 (53.7) | 60 (36.4) | <0.001 | 0.001 |
| Laboratory results, median (IQR)* | |||||
| Tn maximum level, standarlised | 69.09 (15.0–310.0) | 28.15 (9.4–28.1) | 8.93 (3.8–38.3) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Tn dynamic, %, standarlised† | 412% (49%–240%) | 346% (80%–226%) | 60% (12%–273%) | ns | <0.001 |
| CRP maximum level, mg/L | 5.00 (2.5–27.0) | 29.50 (5.0–93.0) | 41.50 (5.0–142.5) | <0.001 | ns |
| Creatinine maximum level, μmol/L | 88.00 (73.0–114.0) | 104.00 (81.5–152.5) | 103.00 (77.0–154.7) | <0.001 | ns |
| Haemoglobin on admission, g/L | 138.00 (126.0–148.0) | 121.0 (107.7–137.0) | 128.0 (118.0–140.0) | <0.001 | 0.002 |
| Investigations in hospital, n (%) | |||||
| Coronary angiography performed | 649 (73.1) | 68 (27.6) | 32 (19.4) | <0.001 | 0.056 |
| CA stenosis >50% (% of investigated) | 624 (96.1) | 46 (67.6) | 15 (46.9) | <0.001 | 0.047 |
| PCI performed (% of investigated) | 547 (84.3) | 26 (38.2) | 13 (40.6) | <0.001 | ns |
| Medications on discharge, n (% of living) | |||||
| RAAS blockers | 613 (76.4) | 136 (62.1) | 88 (69.8) | <0.001 | ns |
| Acetylsalicylic acid | 772 (96.3) | 171 (78.1) | 100 (79.4) | <0.001 | ns |
| Other platelet inhibitors | 691 (86.2) | 96 (43.8) | 57 (45.2) | <0.001 | ns |
| Beta-blockers | 705 (87.9) | 183 (83.6) | 98 (77.8) | ns | ns |
| Statins | 664 (82.8) | 110 (50.2) | 67 (53.2) | <0.001 | ns |
| Anticoagulants | 53 (6.6) | 36 (16.4) | 22 (17.5) | <0.001 | ns |
*>95% tested in all subtypes.
†((cTn maximum level–cTn minimum level)/cTn minimum level)x100.
CRP, C reactive protein; cTn, cardiac troponin; M, multifactorial myocardial injury; MI, myocardial infarction; CA, coronary artery; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention; RAAS, renin angiotensin aldosterone system.