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. 2018 Sep 26;23(10):2472. doi: 10.3390/molecules23102472

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Effects of Cotoneaster leaf extracts on human plasma exposed to oxidative stress: (a) free radical scavenging ability, DPPH; (b) influence on ferric reducing ability of plasma, FRAP; (c) effects on the nitration of tyrosine residues in plasma proteins and formation of 3-nitrotyrosine, 3-NT; (d,e) effects on the peroxidation of plasma lipids including (d), formation of lipid hydroperoxides, LOOH and (e), formation of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances, TBARS. Results are expressed as means ± SE (n = 5) for repeated measures: ### p < 0.001, for ONOO−-treated plasma (without the extracts) versus control (untreated) plasma, and * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.001, *** p < 0.001, for plasma treated with ONOO− in the presence of the investigated extracts (1–50 µg/mL) or the standards (5 µg/mL). Extracts: DEF, diethyl-ether fraction; EAF, ethyl acetate fraction; BF, n-butanol fraction. Standards: CHA, chlorogenic acid; ECA, (−)-epicatechin; TX, Trolox®.