Figure 7.

Effects of maltol on the CCl₄-induced expression of inflammatory mediators: photomicrographs of (A): iNOS (1:100), (B): NF-κB (1:100), (C): TNF-α (1:100) at 400×. From histopathological staining analysis, in normal livers, the serum levels of cytokines expression were negligible, with the CCl₄ group having a lot of positive staining. The livers of mice receiving CCl₄ + maltol were similar to controls. The brown spots showed positive. iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; TNF-α, Tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1β, interleukin-1β. Values are expressed as the mean ± S.D., n = 8. * p < 0.05 vs. normal group; ^# p < 0.05 vs. CCl₄ group.