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. 2018 Aug 21;23(9):2103. doi: 10.3390/molecules23092103

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© 2018 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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mRNA expression of selected biomarkers in hepatocytes (HB-8965^®) after exposure (3 h) to plasma collected from Wistar rats fed with a high-fat diet. TLR4, toll-like receptor 4; COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2; oxLDL, oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor; ANGPTL4, angiopoietin-like 4; NOD2 nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2; STAT1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1; CD44, cluster of differentiation 44. Samples from Wistar rats were mixed with: (1) the raspberry extract (HF + PP); (2) serine-type protease inhibitors obtained from Triticum durum (TD); and (3) joint addition of combination of the HF, TD, and PP (HF + TD + PP). Values are the mean ± SD (n = 3). Values with a different superscript letter (a, b, c, d) were significantly different by Duncan’s post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05).