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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Apr 24.
Published in final edited form as: Nature. 2018 Oct 24;563(7731):402–406. doi: 10.1038/s41586-018-0634-9

Fig. 2|. Xylose isomerase (Xi) from L. brevis alters host locomotion.

Fig. 2|

a – c, Average speed of Conv, Ax, L.b mono-associated, and Ax flies treated with either cell-free supernatant (CFS) from L.b, heat-killed (HK) L.b, His-tagged xylose isomerase from L.b (Xi*, 100 μg/mL), or His-tagged L-arabinose isomerase from L.b (Ai*,100 μg/mL). (a) Ax, n = 57; L.b, n = 42; L.b CFS, n = 36; L.b HK, n = 24. (b) Conv, n = 17; Ax, n = 45; Xi*, n = 29. (c) Ax, n = 31; L.b CFS, n = 12; Xi*, n = 28; Ai*, n = 13. d, Average speed of Ax and Ax flies treated with CFS from either WT L.b or xylA mutant L.b (L.b∆xylA) bacterial strains. Ax, n = 28; L.b CFS, n = 29; L.b∆xylA CFS, n = 18. e, Carbohydrate levels in Ax and Xi*-treated flies. Bars represent mean +/− S.E.M. n = 5 samples/condition. f, Average speed of Ax flies and Xi*-treated Ax flies either left untreated or supplemented with trehalose (10 mg/mL) for 3 days before testing. Ax, n = 16; Xi*, n = 18; Ax+Treh, n = 16; Xi*+Treh, n = 17. Box-and-whisker plots show median and IQR. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001, **** P < 0.0001. Specific P values are in the Supplementary Material. Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s (a – d and f) or Mann-Whitney U (e) post-hoc tests were used for statistical analysis. Gluc, glucose; Fruc, fructose; Ribo, ribose; Treh, trehalose.