Table 3.
Regression Coefficients for Sleep Outcomes by Hispanic/Latino Heritage, Sueño Study (N = 2087).
| Central American, beta (SE) | Cuban, beta (SE) | Dominican, beta (SE) | Mexican, beta (SE) | Puerto Rican, beta (SE) | South American, beta (SE) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sleep duration, minutes | −13.2 (5.2)a | −5.2 (4.9) | −10.5 (5.1)a | 0.0 (0.0)b,c,d | −12.4 (6.7) | −19.3 (6.7)a | .02 |
| Sleep fragmentation index, % | 2.1 (0.7)a | 2.5 (0.7)a | 2.5 (0.6)a | 0.0 (0.0)c,d,e,f | 3.4 (0.7)a | 1.7 (0.9) | <.01 |
| Sleep maintenance efficiency, % | −1.0 (0.4)a | −0.7 (0.4)e | −1.2 (0.4)a | 0.0 (0.0)b,c,d,e | −2.0 (0.5)a,f | −1.3 (0.6)a | <.01 |
| Inter-daily stability, %* | −0.01 (0.01) | 0.01 (0.01)d,e | −0.02 (0.01)f | 0.0 (0.0)e | −0.03 (0.01)a,b,f | 0.00 (0.01)e | .048 |
Regression coefficients are taken from a multivariable model with Mexicans serving as the reference group, including age, sex, education, employment, income, body mass index, apnea–hypopnea index, depressive symptoms, tobacco use, alcohol use, caffeine intake, sleep medication usage, and season as covariates and accounting for sampling methods. p Value is for testing the null hypothesis of a common mean across groups. Subscript letters a–e indicate significant differences in means, by Tukey–Kramer pairwise comparison (p < .05).
Significantly different from Mexican.
Significantly different from South American.
Significantly different from Central American.
Significantly different from Dominican.
Significantly different from Puerto Rican.
Significantly different from Cuban.
N = 1694 for inter-daily stability analyses.