Abstract
From samples of the Middle to Late Triassic El Tranquilo Group (El Tranquilo anticline, Deseado Massif, Patagonia) petrographic (qualitative and modal) analyses and geochemical analyses (major, trace elements, and rare earth elements (REEs)) of 80 samples were carried out. The data presented here contain a broad overview of photomicrography, recalculated modal point-count data, geochemical raw data, and simple statistics of selected geochemical parameters. The data presented in this article are interpreted and discussed in the research article entitled “Petrography and geochemistry of the Triassic El Tranquilo Group, Deseado Massif, Patagonia, Argentina: Implications for provenance and tectonic setting” (Jenchen, 2018).
Specifications table
| Subject area | Earth Sciences |
| More specific subject area | Petrology, Geochemistry |
| Type of data | Microscopy images, tables, figures and graphs |
| How data was acquired | Major and trace element concentrations were determined on these sample tablets (Major elements as oxides in weight %, trace elements in ppm) using a sequentially operating, wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS) on a volatile-free base. Rare Earth Elements was conducted by atomic emission spectroscopy, using inductively coupled plasma excitation at an ICP-AES (Jobin YVON Model 38 plus;Table 10, Table 11, Table 12, Table 13, Table 14, Table 15). 35 samples were analyzed and pulverized and by ICP-ES (oxides, Ba, Ni, Sc), and ICP-MS (trace and rare-earth elements) at ACME Laboratories, Vancouver, Canada. |
| Data format | Raw (photos), Analyzed, processed and filtered |
| Experimental factors | Thin sections were prepared, point-counted and photographed. 34 samples were crushed, pulverized, LOI (loss on ignition, the pre-annealed material was mixed with lithium tetraborate (Li2B4O7) in the ratio 2:1, melted at 1,400 ° C in a graphite crucible and poured into platinum pouring bowls. |
| Experimental features | Petrological and geochemical analysis of the rocks of The El Tranquilo Anticline |
| Data source location | El Tranquilo Anticline, Deseado Massif, Patagonia, Argentina |
| Data accessibility | Data available within this article |
| Related research article | Jenchen, U (2018).Petrography and geochemistry of the Triassic El Tranquilo Group, Deseado Massif, Patagonia, Argentina: Implications for provenance and tectonic setting. Journal of South American Earth Sciences, 88: 530-550. –https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsames.2018.09.007[1] |
Value of the data
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Determine to the lithological and geochemical characteristics of the working area.
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Tectonic activity, weathering, and provenance of the El Tranquilo Group.
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Data collection available for researches working in the Western Margin of Gondwana, and adjacent areas.
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Data collection available for sedimentologists, working with geochemical data.
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A most complete geochemical dataset for El Tranquilo Group.
1. Data
This article provides photomicrographies from sedimentary and igneous rocks, recalculated petrographic modal, analyses and geochemical analyses (major, trace elements, and rare earth elements (REEs)) of 80 samples. The sample location is given with the geographical coordinates of each sample and with its position in the stratigraphic column. The geochemical are presented as raw data, and simple statistic of selected geochemical parameters. Additional contains CIA, Ti/Nb-ratios, SiO2/K2O-ratios values of geochemical standards used for comparison in Fig. 10, Fig. 16 (recalculated data from [8]).
Fig. 10.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: Na2O+CaO*/Al2O3/K2O after [11] modified by [1].
Fig. 16.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: SiO2/K2O–Ti/Nb after [1].
2. Experimental design, materials and methods
Field work was carried out from −January 21 to February 4, 1991. Cartographic basis for the field work comprised Servicio Geológico Nacional topographical maps at a scale of 1:100,000; in 2016, the sample sites were located in Google Earth Pro (2016) sample sites were located in Google Earth Pro (2016) with a precision of +10 m. A detailed description of sampling and sample processing is given in [1] (Fig. 1 and Table 1).
Fig. 1.
Position and simplified geological map with and sample location (right) displayed on a Google Earth image [2]; stratigraphic column and locations of the samples used for this data collection (modified after [1]; left).
Table 1.
Sample list and sample locations.
| Sample | Lithology | m | Formation | UTM-E | UTM-N | Latitude (°N) | Longitude (°E) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ET-19 | T | 2 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.994 | 4.677.721 | −48,05326 °N | −68,65118 °E |
| ET-20 | Cgl | 19 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.937 | 4.677.700 | −48,05342 °N | −68,65194 °E |
| ET-21 | T | 40 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.867 | 4.677.643 | −48,05397 °N | −68,65286 °E |
| ET-22 | U | 37 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.875 | 4.677.653 | −48,05388 °N | −68,65277 °E |
| ET-23 | U | 75 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.791 | 4.677.484 | −48,05540 °N | −68,65388 °E |
| ET-24 | S | 105.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.729 | 4.677.384 | −48,05000 °N | −69,20000 °E |
| ET-25 | U | 98 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.742 | 4.677.411 | −48,05606 °N | −68,65454 °E |
| ET-26 | tS | 109 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.709 | 4.677.339 | −48,65498 °N | −68,65498 °E |
| ET-27 | U | 111.3 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.698 | 4.677.323 | −48,05686 °N | −68,65512 °E |
| ET-28 | sT | 119 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.696 | 4.677.304 | −48,05703 °N | −68,65515 °E |
| ET-29 | S | 113.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.700 | 4.677.290 | −48,05715 °N | −68,65509 °E |
| ET-29 | T | 113.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.700 | 4.677.290 | −48,05715 °N | −68,65509 °E |
| ET-31 | U | 132,5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.722 | 4.677.260 | −48,05742 °N | −68,65480 °E |
| ET-32 | U | 145.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.724 | 4.677.200 | −48,05796 °N | −68,65477 °E |
| ET-33 | T | 156 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.700 | 4.677.183 | −48,05812 °N | −68,65509 °E |
| ET-34 | S-Carb | 160 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.688 | 4.677.170 | −48,05817 °N | −68,65525 °E |
| ET-35 | T | 180.3 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.649 | 4.677.136 | −48,05854 °N | −68,65577 °E |
| ET-38 | Tuf | Volcanics | 19-F-526.430 | 4.677.570 | −48,05460 °N | −68,64531 °E | |
| ET-41 | B | −12.5 | Cerro León | 19-F-526.543 | 4.677.734 | −48,05312 °N | −68,64381 °E |
| ET-42 | B | −10 | Cerro León | 19-F-526.527 | 4.677.696 | −48,05347 °N | −68,64402 °E |
| ET-43 | B | −7.5 | Cerro León | 19-F-526.496 | 4.677.647 | −48,05391 °N | −68,64443 °E |
| ET-44 | Br | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.278 | 4.677.634 | −48,05403 °N | −68,64736 °E | |
| ET-45 | U | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.320 | 4.677.610 | −48,05425 °N | −68,64679 °E | |
| ET-47 | GS | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.362 | 4.677.585 | −48,05447 °N | −68,64623 °E | |
| ET-53 | T | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.811 | 4.677.527 | −48,05502 °N | −68,65362 °E | |
| ET-57 | T | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.716 | 4.677.239 | −48,05761 °N | −68,65488 °E | |
| ET-59 | T | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.708 | 4.677.223 | −48,05775 °N | −68,65498 °E | |
| ET-60 | B | −5 | Cerro León | 19-F-526.290 | 4.677.757 | −48,05293 °N | −68,64721 °E |
| ET-62 | FS | 1.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.190 | 4.677.660 | −48,05380 °N | −68,64854 °E |
| ET-63 | T | 190.3 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.628 | 4.677.101 | −48,05886 °N | −68,65605 °E |
| ET-64 | V | 190.5 | Volcanics | 19-F-525.615 | 4.677.083 | −48,05902 °N | −68,65622 °E |
| ET-66 | U | 198 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.613 | 4.677.078 | −48,05906 °N | −68,65625 °E |
| ET-67 | V | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.613 | 4.677.070 | −48,05914 °N | −68,65625 °E | |
| ET-68 | U | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.346 | 4.675.969 | −48,06902 °N | −68,64634 °E | |
| ET-70 | U | 188 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.933 | 4.676.222 | −48,06671 °N | −68,63848 °E |
| ET-71 | S | 189 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.944 | 4.676.210 | −48,06678 °N | −68,63833 °E |
| ET-72 | S | 192.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.954 | 4.676.200 | −48,06691 °N | −68,63820 °E |
| ET-74 | T | 201.8 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.938 | 4.676.167 | −48,06720 °N | −68,63841 °E |
| ET-76 | FS | 218 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.852 | 4.676.162 | −48,06725 °N | −68,63956 °E |
| ET-78 | Mg | 231.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.820 | 4.676.164 | −48,06724 °N | −68,63999 °E |
| ET-79 | MS | 245 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.739 | 4.676.154 | −48,06733 °N | −68,64108 °E |
| ET-81 | T | 255.9 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.702 | 4.676.144 | −48,06742 °N | −68,64158 °E |
| ET-84 | FS | 264 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.674 | 4.676.144 | −48,06742 °N | −68,64195 °E |
| ET-88 | S | 301.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.536 | 4.676.121 | −48,06764 °N | −68,64380 °E |
| ET-91 | V | 190 | Roca Blanca | 19-F-526.963 | 4.676.190 | −48,06700 °N | −68,63808 °E |
| ET-92 | Cgl-cl | 205 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.928 | 4.676.160 | −48,06723 °N | −68,63854 °E |
| ET-93 | S-Carb | 210 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.868 | 4.676.160 | −48,06722 °N | −68,63935 °E |
| ET-94 | S | 259.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.653 | 4.676.140 | −48,06746 °N | −68,64223 °E |
| ET-96 | sT | 335.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.786 | 4.676.145 | −48,06741 °N | −68,64045 °E |
| ET-98 | FC | 352 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.720 | 4.676.151 | −48,06736 °N | −68,64133 °E |
| ET-99 | V | 355 | Roca Blanca | 19-F-526.710 | 4.676.152 | −48,06735 °N | −68,64147 °E |
| ET-101 | tS | 361.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.688 | 4.676.142 | −48,06744 °N | −68,64175 °E |
| ET-102 | T | 401 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.276 | 4.675.844 | −48,07014 °N | −68,64728 °E |
| ET-104 | U | 427.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.058 | 4.675.795 | −48,07059 °N | −68,65020 °E |
| ET-107 | T | 438.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.997 | 4.675.778 | −48,07074 °N | −68,65102 °E |
| ET-109 | B | 682 | Cerro León | 19-F-526.574 | 4.674.504 | −48,08218 °N | −68,64319 °E |
| ET-110 | T | 678 | Las Mercedes basalt | 19-F-526.573 | 4.674.495 | −48,08226 °N | −68,64320 °E |
| ET-111 | T | 678.5 | Las Mercedes basalt | 19-F-526.573 | 4.674.489 | −48,08232 °N | −68,64320 °E |
| ET-113 | B | 680 | Las Mercedes basalt | 19-F-526.762 | 4.675.039 | −48,07736 °N | −68,64070 °E |
| ET-115 | sT | 676.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.773 | 4.675.048 | −48,07728 °N | −68,64055 °E |
| ET-116 | MS | 665 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.765 | 4.675.048 | −48,07728 °N | −68,64066 °E |
| ET-117 | MS | 662.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.774 | 4.675.061 | −48,07716 °N | −68,64054 °E |
| ET-118 | S-Carb | 650 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.754 | 4.675.050 | −48,07718 °N | −68,64081 °E |
| ET-119 | FS | 646 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.752 | 4.675.071 | −48,07707 °N | −68,64084 °E |
| ET-121 | U | 580 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.245 | 4.674.951 | −48,07817 °N | −68,64764 °E |
| ET-122 | S-Cgl | 570 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.209 | 4.674.960 | −48,07801 °N | −68,64812 °E |
| ET-125 | sT | 554 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.190 | 4.674.973 | −48,07798 °N | −68,64838 °E |
| ET-126 | U | 555 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.196 | 4.674.980 | −48,07789 °N | −68,64830 °E |
| ET-127 | U | 542.8 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.184 | 4.674.990 | −48,07783 °N | −68,648458 °E |
| ET-132 | FS | Roca Blanca | 19-F-526.416 | 4.674.848 | −48,07909 °N | −68,64533 °E | |
| ET-134 | B | 404 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.844 | 4.675.784 | −48,07070 °N | −68,65307 °E |
| ET-135 | V | 405 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.836 | 4.675.782 | −48,07071 °N | −68,65318 °E |
| ET-140 | B | 417 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.780 | 4.675.775 | −48,07078 °N | −68,65393 °E |
| ET-141 | V | 417.5 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.773 | 4.675.769 | −48,07083 °N | −68,65402 °E |
| ET-143 | S | 458 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.584 | 4.675.420 | −48,07395 °N | −68,65654 °E |
| ET-145 | U | 465 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.627 | 4.675.357 | −48,07455 °N | −68,65596 °E |
| ET-147 | S | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-526.158 | 4.674.856 | −48,07903 °N | −68,64880 °E | |
| ET-149 | S-Tuf | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-526.022 | 4.678.410 | −48,07942 °N | −68,65062 °E | |
| ET-150 | tS | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-526.091 | 4.674.805 | −48,07949 °N | −68,64970 °E | |
| ET-151 | Tuf | Roca Blanca | 19-F-526.126 | 4.674.789 | −48,07964 °N | −68,64922 °E | |
| ET-153 | GS | 524 | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-525.807 | 4.675.135 | −48,07654 °N | −68,65353 °E |
| ET-157 | U | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-525.996 | 4.674.944 | −48,07825 °N | −68,65098 °E | |
| ET-160 | U | 750 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-530.885 | 4.677.103 | −48,05860 °N | −68,58550 °E |
| ET-161 | S | 780 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-530.929 | 4.677.052 | −48,05906 °N | −68,58490 °E |
| ET-163 | GS | 805 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-530.988 | 4.677.010 | −48,05936 °N | −68,58411 °E |
| ET-164 | MS | 816 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-531.053 | 4.676.988 | −48,05963 °N | −68,58323 °E |
| ET-167 | MS | 835 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-561.179 | 4.676.907 | −48,06035 °N | −68,58154 °E |
| ET-168 | U | 845 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-531.255 | 4.676.863 | −48,06075 °N | −68,58051 °E |
| ET-172 | GS | 881.2 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-531.213 | 4.677.154 | −48,05813 °N | −68,58110 °E |
| ET-174 | T | 856 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-531.276 | 4.677.148 | −44,05818 °N | −68,58025 °E |
| ET-175 | Later | 885 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-531.542 | 4.676.950 | −48,05991 °N | −68,57667 °E |
| ET-176 | Mg | 867.5 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-531.557 | 4.676.946 | −48,05998 °N | −68,57647 °E |
| ET-178 | T | 869 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-531.623 | 4.676.908 | −48,06032 °N | −68,57558 °E |
| ET-179 | S | 881.2 | Laguna Colorada | 19-F-531.642 | 4.676.888 | −48,06050 °N | −68,57532 °E |
| ET-180 | MS | 880 | Roca Blanca | 19-F-531.752 | 4.676.853 | −48,06081 °N | −68,57384 °E |
| ET-181 | FC | 885 | Roca Blanca | 19-F-532.852 | 4.675.913 | −48,06921 °N | −68,55901 °E |
| ET-183 | sT | Cañadón Largo | 19-F-529.766 | 4.674.053 | −48,08610 °N | −68,60030 °E | |
| ET-185 | Tuf | Roca Blanca | 19-F-523.512 | 4.670.728 | −48,11627 °N | −68,68410 °E |
Abbreviations: B=basalt, Br=breccia, Cgl=conglomerate, Cgl-cl=conglomerate clast, FC=fine grained conglomerate, FS=fine grained sandstone, GS=coarse grained sandstone, Later=laterite, Mg=marl, MS=medium grained sandstone, S=sandstone, S-Carb=carbonate sandstone, S-Cgl= conglomeratic sandstone, sT=sandy claystone, S-Tuf=tuffitic sandstone, T=claystone, tS=muddy sandstone, Tuf=tuff, U=Silt, V=volcanics.
Thin sections, documented in the Table 2, Table 3, Table 4, Table 5, Table 6, Table 7 are photographed using a LEICA DM2700P polarization microscope with a LEICA MC170HD Camera and a HC FL PLAN 2.5×0.07 Lens; each with parallel and crossed Nicols. Modal analyses were carried out on 37 samples, counting 300–500 points using the Gazzi–Dickinson technique to minimize the compositional dependence on grain size [17] (see Table 9, based on [3], [4], [5], [6]; see also Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6). The 95 confidence intervals for Student׳s t-test [18] were plotted in optically distinct shades (Table 8, Table 9).
Table 2.
Photmicrographies of thin sections from Section I (Cañadón Largo Formation).
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Table 3.
Photmicrographies of thin sections from Section II (Cañadón Largo Formation).
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Table 4.
Photmicrographies of thin sections from Section III (Cañadón Largo Formation).
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Table 5.
Photmicrographies of thin sections from Section IV (Laguna Colorada Formation).
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Table 6.
Photmicrographies of thin sections from Section V (Roca Blanca Formation).
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Table 7.
Photmicrographies of thin sections of acidic volcanic rocks.
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Table 9.
Recalculated modal point-count data for analyzed sandstones.
| Sample |
[3] |
[3] |
[4] |
[5], [6] |
[5] |
P/F | Lv/L | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q | F | L+Qc | Ls | Lv | Lm | Qm | P | K | Q | F | L | Qm | F | Lt | |||
| Lower Cañadón Largo Formation (Section I) | |||||||||||||||||
| ET-44 | 26 | 39 | 35 | 32 | 49 | 20 | 35 | 63 | 1 | 26 | 39 | 35 | 21 | 39 | 40 | 0.97 | 0.48 |
| ET-44 | 26 | 39 | 35 | 32 | 49 | 20 | 35 | 63 | 1 | 26 | 39 | 35 | 21 | 39 | 40 | 0.97 | 0.48 |
| ET-20 | 48 | 23 | 30 | 31 | 66 | 3 | 41 | 27 | 32 | 50 | 24 | 26 | 16 | 23 | 61 | 0.45 | 0.65 |
| ET-24 | 51 | 43 | 6 | 57 | 43 | 0 | 26 | 29 | 45 | 52 | 44 | 4 | 15 | 43 | 42 | 0.39 | 0.42 |
| ET-29 | 42 | 49 | 9 | 45 | 45 | 9 | 30 | 23 | 47 | 43 | 51 | 6 | 21 | 49 | 30 | 0.33 | 0.45 |
| ET-34 | 51 | 43 | 6 | 57 | 43 | 0 | 26 | 29 | 45 | 52 | 44 | 4 | 15 | 43 | 42 | 0.39 | 0.42 |
| ET-63 | 41 | 39 | 20 | 36 | 50 | 14 | 33 | 30 | 37 | 42 | 40 | 19 | 19 | 39 | 42 | 0.44 | 0.49 |
| Mean (AM) | 43.2 | 39.3 | 17.7 | 43.0 | 49.3 | 7.7 | 31.8 | 33.5 | 34.5 | 44.2 | 40.3 | 15.7 | 17.8 | 39.3 | 42.8 | 0.50 | 0.49 |
| Confidence (−95%) | 33.2 | 30.1 | 4.3 | 30.5 | 40.2 | −0.9 | 25.8 | 18.1 | 16.3 | 33.7 | 30.8 | 1.9 | 14.8 | 30.1 | 32.3 | 0.25 | 0.39 |
| Confidence (+95%) | 53.1 | 48.6 | 31.0 | 55.5 | 58.4 | 16.2 | 37.9 | 48.9 | 52.7 | 54.6 | 49.8 | 29.4 | 20.8 | 48.6 | 53.4 | 0.74 | 0.58 |
| Middle Cañadón Largo Formation (Section II) | |||||||||||||||||
| ET-68 | 15 | 41 | 44 | 37 | 59 | 4 | 26 | 73 | 2 | 15 | 41 | 44 | 14 | 41 | 45 | 0.97 | 0.58 |
| ET-71 | 30 | 43 | 27 | 50 | 49 | 1 | 39 | 60 | 0 | 31 | 43 | 26 | 28 | 43 | 30 | 0.99 | 0.48 |
| ET-70 | 48 | 36 | 16 | 41 | 59 | 0 | 38 | 17 | 45 | 48 | 36 | 16 | 22 | 36 | 42 | 0.27 | 0.58 |
| ET-72 | 22 | 49 | 29 | 22 | 68 | 10 | 18 | 34 | 48 | 22 | 51 | 27 | 11 | 49 | 40 | 0.4 | 0.68 |
| ET-79 | 53 | 40 | 7 | 33 | 67 | 0 | 42 | 28 | 30 | 56 | 42 | 2 | 28 | 40 | 32 | 0.48 | 0.65 |
| ET-88 | 70 | 25 | 5 | 20 | 40 | 40 | 66 | 12 | 22 | 71 | 25 | 4 | 48 | 25 | 27 | 0.36 | 0.39 |
| ET-92 | 11 | 32 | 58 | 18 | 80 | 1 | 16 | 38 | 46 | 11 | 33 | 56 | 6 | 32 | 62 | 0.45 | 0.8 |
| ET-93 | 28 | 33 | 39 | 17 | 79 | 4 | 25 | 42 | 33 | 29 | 35 | 35 | 11 | 33 | 56 | 0.55 | 0.78 |
| ET-94 | 57 | 33 | 10 | 14 | 79 | 7 | 50 | 29 | 21 | 59 | 33 | 8 | 32 | 33 | 35 | 0.57 | 0.78 |
| ET-98 | 32 | 27 | 41 | 3 | 94 | 3 | 49 | 7 | 43 | 32 | 28 | 40 | 27 | 27 | 46 | 0.14 | 0.94 |
| ET-104 | 54 | 35 | 12 | 60 | 40 | 0 | 45 | 10 | 44 | 56 | 36 | 8 | 29 | 35 | 36 | 0.18 | 0.39 |
| Mean (AM) | 38.2 | 35.8 | 26.2 | 28.6 | 64.9 | 6.4 | 37.6 | 31.8 | 30.4 | 39.1 | 36.6 | 24.2 | 23.3 | 35.8 | 41.0 | 0.49 | 0.64 |
| Confidence (−95%) | 25.3 | 31.1 | 14.3 | 17.2 | 53.2 | −1.4 | 27.4 | 17.8 | 18.7 | 25.7 | 31.7 | 12.0 | 15.1 | 31.1 | 33.7 | 0.30 | 0.52 |
| Confidence (+95%) | 51.1 | 40.5 | 38.0 | 40.1 | 76.6 | 14.2 | 47.8 | 45.9 | 42.0 | 52.4 | 41.5 | 36.3 | 31.4 | 40.5 | 48.3 | 0.68 | 0.76 |
| Upper Cañadón Largo formation (Section III) | |||||||||||||||||
| ET-118 | 31 | 36 | 32 | 50 | 47 | 3 | 44 | 55 | 0 | 31 | 36 | 32 | 29 | 36 | 35 | 0.99 | 0.46 |
| ET-122 | 26 | 32 | 42 | 43 | 53 | 4 | 43 | 56 | 1 | 26 | 33 | 41 | 25 | 32 | 43 | 0.98 | 0.53 |
| ET-143 | 50 | 23 | 26 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 56 | 10 | 33 | 53 | 24 | 23 | 29 | 23 | 47 | 0.23 | 0.99 |
| ET-116 | 40 | 34 | 26 | 32 | 68 | 0 | 34 | 14 | 52 | 42 | 35 | 24 | 17 | 34 | 49 | 0.21 | 0.68 |
| ET-117 | 44 | 40 | 16 | 71 | 29 | 0 | 33 | 25 | 42 | 44 | 40 | 16 | 20 | 40 | 40 | 0.37 | 0.28 |
| ET-121 | 46 | 38 | 16 | 4 | 96 | 0 | 37 | 13 | 49 | 46 | 38 | 16 | 22 | 38 | 39 | 0.21 | 0.95 |
| ET-153 | 47 | 43 | 11 | 6 | 87 | 6 | 37 | 12 | 51 | 47 | 43 | 10 | 25 | 43 | 32 | 0.18 | 0.87 |
| Mean (AM) | 40.6 | 35.1 | 24.1 | 29.4 | 68.6 | 1.9 | 40.6 | 26.4 | 32.6 | 41.3 | 35.6 | 23.1 | 23.9 | 35.1 | 40.7 | 0.45 | 0.68 |
| Confidence (−95%) | 32.3 | 29.1 | 14.2 | 4.4 | 43.7 | −0.4 | 33.2 | 7.5 | 11.4 | 32.5 | 29.9 | 13.3 | 19.7 | 29.1 | 35.0 | 0.11 | 0.43 |
| Confidence (+95%) | 48.8 | 41.1 | 34.1 | 54.5 | 93.5 | 4.1 | 47.9 | 45.3 | 53.7 | 50.1 | 41.2 | 32.9 | 28.0 | 41.1 | 46.4 | 0.79 | 0.93 |
| Laguna Colorada Fm. | |||||||||||||||||
| ET-163 | 43 | 11 | 46 | 0 | 95 | 5 | 60 | 16 | 24 | 49 | 13 | 38 | 17 | 11 | 72 | 0.39 | 0.94 |
| ET-172 | 51 | 27 | 22 | 11 | 89 | 0 | 41 | 11 | 48 | 52 | 27 | 21 | 18 | 27 | 55 | 0.18 | 0.88 |
| ET-179 | 39 | 22 | 39 | 0 | 0 | 100 | 40 | 18 | 42 | 41 | 23 | 36 | 14 | 22 | 64 | 0.3 | 0 |
| ET-160 | 35 | 30 | 35 | 31 | 61 | 7 | 35 | 11 | 55 | 36 | 30 | 34 | 16 | 30 | 55 | 0.16 | 0.61 |
| ET-167 | 27 | 25 | 49 | 38 | 37 | 26 | 48 | 49 | 3 | 28 | 26 | 46 | 22 | 25 | 53 | 0.93 | 0.36 |
| ET-174 | 57 | 36 | 7 | 0 | 100 | 0 | 45 | 12 | 43 | 57 | 36 | 6 | 30 | 36 | 34 | 0.21 | 0.99 |
| Mean (AM) | 42.0 | 25.2 | 33.0 | 13.3 | 63.7 | 23.0 | 44.8 | 19.5 | 35.8 | 43.8 | 25.8 | 30.2 | 19.5 | 25.2 | 55.5 | 0.36 | 0.63 |
| Confidence (−95%) | 30.6 | 16.3 | 16.3 | −4.6 | 22.4 | −17.8 | 35.7 | 4.0 | 15.8 | 32.5 | 17.8 | 15.1 | 13.4 | 16.3 | 42.1 | 0.06 | 0.22 |
| Confidence (+95%) | 53.4 | 34.0 | 49.7 | 31.3 | 104.9 | 63.8 | 53.9 | 35.0 | 55.9 | 55.2 | 33.9 | 45.2 | 25.6 | 34.0 | 68.9 | 0.67 | 1.04 |
| Rincón Blanco Fm. | |||||||||||||||||
| ET-149 | 32 | 21 | 47 | 28 | 69 | 3 | 41 | 18 | 41 | 35 | 23 | 42 | 15 | 21 | 65 | 0.3 | 0.68 |
| ET-132 | 49 | 29 | 21 | 14 | 86 | 0 | 51 | 16 | 33 | 50 | 30 | 21 | 31 | 29 | 39 | 0.31 | 0.85 |
| ET-147 | 28 | 19 | 53 | 27 | 69 | 4 | 49 | 14 | 38 | 33 | 23 | 43 | 18 | 19 | 62 | 0.26 | 0.68 |
| ET-180 | 52 | 38 | 9 | 5 | 81 | 14 | 34 | 28 | 38 | 53 | 38 | 9 | 20 | 38 | 42 | 0.42 | 0.8 |
| ET-185 | 32 | 23 | 45 | 88 | 6 | 6 | 53 | 43 | 4 | 32 | 23 | 45 | 26 | 23 | 52 | 0.91 | 0.06 |
| Mean (AM) | 38.6 | 26.0 | 35.0 | 32.4 | 62.2 | 5.4 | 45.6 | 23.8 | 30.8 | 40.6 | 27.4 | 32.0 | 22.0 | 26.0 | 52.0 | 0.44 | 0.61 |
| Confidence (−95%) | 24.9 | 16.5 | 11.4 | −8.0 | 22.1 | −1.1 | 35.8 | 8.9 | 11.9 | 28.1 | 19.1 | 12.0 | 14.0 | 16.5 | 37.6 | 0.11 | 0.22 |
| Confidence (+95%) | 52.3 | 35.5 | 58.6 | 72.8 | 102.3 | 11.9 | 55.4 | 38.7 | 49.7 | 53.1 | 35.7 | 52.0 | 30.0 | 35.5 | 66.4 | 0.77 | 1.01 |
Fig. 2.
Petrographic modal analysis of El Tranquilo Group sandstones: Q–F–L after [3].
Fig. 3.
Petrographic modal analysis of El Tranquilo Group sandstones: Qm–P–K after [4].
Fig. 4.
Petrographic modal analysis of El Tranquilo Group sandstones: Q–F–L after [6].
Fig. 5.
Petrographic modal analysis of El Tranquilo Group sandstones: Qm–F–Lt after [6].
Fig. 6.
Petrographic modal analysis of El Tranquilo Group sandstones: Q–F–L diagram after [6].
Table 8.
Photmicrographies of thin sections of basic igneous rocks.
 |
Sixty samples of El Tranquilo Group sedimentary rocks in four stratigraphic sections (Sections I: 24 samples, Section II: 18 samples, Section III: 10 samples, and section IV), eight samples, underwent geochemical analysis, along with 17 samples of co-occurring volcanic rocks and three samples of the overlying Roca Blanca Formation. A detailed description of geochemical processing and analytic methods is given in [1]. The raw and processed data are listed in the Table 10, Table 11, Table 12, Table 13, Table 14, Table 15. The distributions of the elements in the random samples were described using the arithmetic mean and confidence limits (95% and 99%, respectively) supplied by Student׳s t-test [18] (Table 16, Table 17) (Table 18).
Table 10.
Geochemical parameters of samples from Section I (CaO* = recalculated CaO free of CaO in Carbonates).
| Sample | ET-19 | ET-20* | ET-21 | ET-22 | ET-23 | ET-24* | ET-25 | ET-26 | ET-27 | ET-28 | ET-29* | ET-29* | ET-31 | ET-33 | ET-34* | ET-35 | ET-45 | ET-47 | ET-53 | ET-57 | ET-59 | ET-62 | ET-63* | ET-66 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 70.4 | 65.05 | 74.45 | 72.23 | 71.37 | 72.86 | 70.14 | 74.97 | 72.92 | 65.58 | 71.05 | 71.58 | 75.51 | 72.27 | 71.09 | 76.21 | 78.05 | 78.23 | 76.7 | 75.75 | 77.94 | 74.91 | 74.06 | 75.31 |
| TiO2 | 0.59 | 0.39 | 0.42 | 0.45 | 0.51 | 0.36 | 0.6 | 0.37 | 0.52 | 0.79 | 0.55 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.3 | 0.39 | 0.42 | 0.49 | 0.26 | 0.49 | 0.42 | 0.25 | 0.34 | 0.25 | 0.5 |
| Al2O3 | 13.9 | 12.09 | 12.45 | 14.12 | 13.78 | 13.25 | 13.99 | 12.55 | 13.2 | 16.56 | 14.63 | 13.49 | 12.16 | 13.67 | 12.53 | 11.9 | 11.23 | 11.3 | 11.16 | 12.04 | 10.3 | 13.37 | 11.3 | 11.4 |
| Fe2O3 | 5.38 | 2.22 | 2.72 | 3.01 | 3.89 | 1.54 | 2.65 | 2.09 | 3.3 | 5.31 | 2.17 | 3.31 | 2.67 | 4.83 | 2.57 | 1.7 | 1.11 | 1.76 | 2.95 | 2.64 | 2.3 | 1.53 | 1.72 | 2.18 |
| MnO | n.d.6 | 0.16 | n.d.3 | n.d.3 | n.d.2 | n.d.5 | n.d.7 | n.d.3 | n.d.2 | n.d.6 | n.d.3 | n.d.4 | n.d.5 | n.d.5 | n.d.6 | n.d.4 | n.d.2 | n.d.3 | n.d.4 | n.d.4 | n.d.2 | n.d.3 | n.d.4 | n.d.5 |
| MgO | 2.24 | 0.65 | 0.62 | 0.84 | 0.67 | 0.44 | 0.98 | 0.57 | 0.37 | 1.65 | 0.61 | 0.82 | 0.73 | 0.8 | 0.59 | 0.54 | 0.46 | 0.64 | 0.91 | 1.03 | 0.73 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.71 |
| CaO | 0.43 | 6.24 | 0.36 | 0.47 | 0.3 | 1.58 | 1.49 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.44 | 0.56 | 0.44 | 0.24 | 0.54 | 2.63 | 1 | 0.19 | 0.3 | 0.4 | 0.26 | 0.3 | 0.24 | 3.66 | 0.31 |
| CaO* | n.d.7 | 4.97 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.99 | 0.35 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d.6 | n.d.5 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.15 | 1.69 | 0.61 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d.4 | n.d. | 2.99 | n.d. |
| Na2O | 1.1 | 2.79 | 1.17 | 2.48 | 1.55 | 3.42 | 1.82 | 0.73 | 2.57 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 2.42 | 1.73 | 1.08 | 3.89 | 2.35 | 0.4 | 1.58 | 2.05 | 1.92 | 0.98 | 3.01 | 2.76 | 1.84 |
| K2O | 2.48 | 3.4 | 5.37 | 4.65 | 5.38 | 3.3 | 4.7 | 6.39 | 5.01 | 4.34 | 3.95 | 3.65 | 4.63 | 2.25 | 2.78 | 2.06 | 6 | 4.4 | 3.26 | 4.13 | 4.07 | 4.5 | 1.91 | 5.92 |
| P2O5 | n.d.6 | n.d.9 | n.d.7 | 0.12 | 0.11 | n.d.4 | 0.13 | n.d.3 | n.d.7 | 0.15 | 0.1 | n.d.8 | n.d.5 | n.d.4 | n.d.8 | n.d.6 | n.d.8 | n.d.5 | 0.13 | n.d.7 | n.d.4 | n.d.7 | n.d.5 | 0.13 |
| LOI | 3.44 | 6.7 | 2.38 | 1.62 | 2.43 | 3 | 3.5 | 2.09 | 1.79 | 3.26 | 2.7 | 3.5 | 1.89 | 4.29 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 1.98 | 1.47 | 1.92 | 1.7 | 3.12 | 1.39 | 3.6 | 1.61 |
| CO2 | 0.46 | 4.47 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.08 | 0.53 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.27 | n.d.9 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.35 | 1.74 | 0.84 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.13 | n.d. | 2.79 | n.d. |
| CaCO3* | 0.12 | 8.87 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.77 | 0.62 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.11 | n.d.9 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.27 | 3.02 | 1.09 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d.7 | n.d. | 5.34 | n.d. |
| Cr | 19 | 27 | 14 | 23 | 17 | 0 | 31 | 13 | 14 | 49 | 20 | 20 | 10 | 9 | 20 | 7 | 18 | 10 | 13 | 29 | 8 | 11 | 13 | 16 |
| Ni | 0 | 8 | 3 | 11 | 0 | 4 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 14 | 5 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 11 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 |
| Co | 7 | 4 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 2 | 16 | 9 | 14 | 12 | 3 | 5 | 8 | 7 | 5 | 3 | 11 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 7 | 19 | 4 | 14 |
| Sc | 15 | 6 | 11 | 6 | 8 | 4 | 11 | 6 | 12 | 17 | 5 | 8 | 9 | 9 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 4 | 6 | 10 | 7 | 5 | 4 | 7 |
| V | 58 | 48 | 46 | 49 | 51 | 23 | 47 | 46 | 81 | 89 | 30 | 56 | 37 | 31 | 79 | 31 | 45 | 32 | 40 | 58 | 26 | 38 | 26 | 45 |
| Pb | 42 | 12 | 45 | 30 | 48 | 13 | 68 | 56 | 83 | 52 | 15 | 28 | 52 | 39 | 15 | 37 | 46 | 14 | 36 | 38 | 31 | 49 | 13 | 55 |
| Zn | 77 | 31 | 73 | 70 | 61 | 47 | 71 | 23 | 45 | 111 | 82 | 97 | 61 | 24 | 61 | 27 | 22 | 34 | 57 | 42 | 15 | 29 | 24 | 58 |
| Rb | 144 | 111 | 209 | 185 | 213 | 119 | 180 | 257 | 199 | 198 | 144 | 145 | 186 | 145 | 89 | 118 | 290 | 187 | 143 | 173 | 194 | 136 | 77 | 214 |
| Ba | 420 | 1428 | 896 | 1056 | 1177 | 671 | 1265 | 1743 | 1275 | 997 | 1049 | 962 | 1264 | 746 | 10053 | 1517 | 878 | 925 | 1230 | 1115 | 1065 | 1083 | 370 | 2284 |
| Sr | 139 | 302 | 127 | 186 | 121 | 179 | 200 | 115 | 181 | 148 | 203 | 155 | 134 | 210 | 248 | 374 | 217 | 364 | 171 | 180 | 129 | 180 | 283 | 146 |
| Ga | 22 | 13 | 17 | 16 | 19 | 15 | 18 | 16 | 17 | 22 | 15 | 15 | 16 | 21 | 10 | 14 | 15 | 9 | 16 | 16 | 15 | 13 | 10 | 15 |
| Ta | 1.06 | 0.5 | 1.41 | 2.37 | 1.14 | 0.8 | 2.05 | 1.33 | 1.4 | 0.85 | 1 | 0.8 | 1.51 | 0.94 | 0.5 | 0.97 | 1.85 | 1.89 | 1.79 | 1.31 | 1.16 | 1.7 | 0.6 | 1.63 |
| Nb | 13.2 | 7.9 | 11.3 | 15.8 | 14.1 | 13.5 | 17.7 | 10.3 | 15.1 | 17.9 | 16.9 | 12.2 | 9.7 | 14.6 | 8.9 | 11.8 | 11.2 | 12.8 | 13.4 | 10.3 | 6.9 | 10.1 | 6.3 | 12.9 |
| Hf | 8.47 | 3.6 | 9.55 | 4.78 | 10.1 | 4.9 | 11.35 | 9.18 | 14.05 | 10.1 | 15.3 | 4.9 | 9 | 9.58 | 4.8 | 12.65 | 9.68 | 4.11 | 10.5 | 9.27 | 8.87 | 10.9 | 2.9 | 11.55 |
| Zr | 92 | 138 | 108 | 92 | 145 | 184 | 191 | 116 | 246 | 170 | 587 | 168 | 109 | 131 | 193 | 192 | 97 | 139 | 135 | 106 | 90 | 156 | 101 | 174 |
| Y | 19 | 14 | 21 | 29 | 33 | 21 | 40 | 21 | 23 | 35 | 30 | 21 | 21 | 25 | 15 | 25 | 33 | 17 | 28 | 18 | 17 | 20 | 16 | 28 |
| Th | 10.25 | 10.5 | 16.6 | 15.3 | 20.45 | 15.6 | 24.75 | 20.25 | 22.6 | 20.35 | 33.4 | 18.3 | 14.55 | 14.55 | 13.7 | 8.99 | 20.25 | 13.55 | 12.55 | 13.7 | 12.95 | 15.1 | 8 | 23 |
| U | 2.08 | 1.8 | 2.49 | 2.94 | 3.82 | 2.3 | 2.61 | 2.61 | 2.94 | 3.78 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 2.04 | 2.41 | 2.5 | 3.05 | 3.45 | 2.76 | 2.38 | 3.42 | 2.83 | 3.15 | 1.9 | 4.17 |
| La | n.d. | 37.4 | n.d. | 46.43 | n.d. | 60.8 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 87.3 | 35.1 | n.d. | n.d. | 43.3 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 32.6 | n.d. |
| Ce | n.d. | 76.2 | n.d. | 92.72 | n.d. | 121.3 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 175.9 | 64.9 | n.d. | n.d. | 82.7 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 58.9 | n.d. |
| Pr | n.d. | 8.29 | n.d. | 10.15 | n.d. | 12.74 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 18.78 | 7.38 | n.d. | n.d. | 8.62 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 6.59 | n.d. |
| Nd | n.d. | 29.9 | n.d. | 39.31 | n.d. | 44.1 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 71.9 | 24.7 | n.d. | n.d. | 31.1 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 23.3 | n.d. |
| Sm | n.d. | 4.76 | n.d. | 9.47 | n.d. | 7.7 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 11.28 | 4.81 | n.d. | n.d. | 4.96 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 3.76 | n.d. |
| Eu | n.d. | 0.81 | n.d. | 2.44 | n.d. | 1.3 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.81 | 1.04 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.98 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1 | n.d. |
| Gd | n.d. | 3.98 | n.d. | 10.64 | n.d. | 5.66 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 9.05 | 4.28 | n.d. | n.d. | 3.83 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 3.42 | n.d. |
| Tb | n.d. | 0.54 | n.d. | 1.41 | n.d. | 0.76 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.18 | 0.69 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.53 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.52 | n.d. |
| Dy | n.d. | 2.52 | n.d. | 8.35 | n.d. | 4.39 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 6.3 | 4.27 | n.d. | n.d. | 2.87 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 2.86 | n.d. |
| Ho | n.d. | 0.45 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.74 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.01 | 0.85 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.55 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.54 | n.d. |
| Er | n.d. | 1.36 | n.d. | 4.65 | n.d. | 1.79 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 2.97 | 2.4 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.67 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.66 | n.d. |
| Tm | n.d. | 0.24 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.28 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.44 | 0.38 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.26 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.19 | n.d. |
| Yb | n.d. | 1.43 | n.d. | 4.85 | n.d. | 1.6 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 2.73 | 2.49 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.75 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.59 | n.d. |
| Lu | n.d. | 0.2 | n.d. | 0.84 | n.d. | 0.29 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.44 | 0.38 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.27 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.21 | n.d. |
| Chem.Lit | Psam. | CaO++ | Psam. | Rest++ | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Pelite | Rest++ | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. |
| Zr/Ti | 155.93 | 355.38 | 257.14 | 204.44 | 284.31 | 513.05 | 318.33 | 313.51 | 473.07 | 215.18 | 1068.54 | 374.44 | 311.42 | 436.66 | 496.66 | 457.14 | 197.95 | 534.61 | 275.51 | 252.38 | 360 | 458.82 | 404 | 348 |
| Nb/Y | 0.69 | 0.56 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.42 | 0.63 | 0.44 | 0.49 | 0.65 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.46 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.47 | 0.33 | 0.75 | 0.47 | 0.57 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.39 | 0.46 |
| Th/Sc | 0.68 | 1.75 | 1.5 | 2.55 | 2.55 | 3.9 | 2.25 | 3.37 | 1.88 | 1.19 | 6.68 | 2.28 | 1.61 | 1.61 | 2.28 | 0.89 | 5.06 | 3.38 | 2.09 | 1.37 | 1.85 | 3.02 | 2 | 3.28 |
| Ti/Nb | 268 | 296 | 223 | 171 | 217 | 160 | 203 | 215 | 206 | 265 | 195 | 221 | 216 | 123 | 263 | 213 | 262 | 122 | 219 | 244 | 217 | 202 | 238 | 232 |
| CIA | 73.5 | 53.8 | 60.2 | 59.2 | 61.3 | 56.6 | 58.6 | 60. | 57.1 | 66.9 | 58.4 | 61.2 | 59.8 | 73.9 | 53.4 | 64.1 | 60.5 | 59.2 | 60.3 | 60.2 | 61.7 | 56.9 | 59.4 | 54 |
| PIA | 82.8 | 55.7 | 73.2 | 66 | 73.6 | 59.4 | 65 | 79.7 | 63.4 | 77.3 | 62.8 | 67.4 | 69.3 | 82.4 | 54.5 | 68.5 | 84.9 | 68.3 | 66.6 | 68.5 | 74.7 | 61.8 | 62 | 60.1 |
| CIW | 85.6 | 64.3 | 83.6 | 75.1 | 82.8 | 66.7 | 74.5 | 89.7 | 74.7 | 82.6 | 70.4 | 74.5 | 79.3 | 85.1 | 61.2 | 72.8 | 93 | 78.8 | 74.5 | 77.5 | 83.8 | 71.8 | 66.7 | 77.5 |
| Eu/Eu* | n.d. | 0.57 | n.d. | 0.74 | n.d. | 0.6 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.55 | 0.7 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.69 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.85 | n.d. |
| REE | n.d. | 17.67 | n.d. | 6.47 | n.d. | 25.68 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 21.61 | 9.53 | n.d. | n.d. | 16.72 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 13.85 | n.d. |
| LREE | n.d. | 4.95 | n.d. | 3.09 | n.d. | 4.97 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 4.87 | 4.59 | n.d. | n.d. | 5.49 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 5.46 | n.d. |
| HREE | n.d. | 2.26 | n.d. | 1.78 | n.d. | 2.87 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 2.69 | 1.39 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.77 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.74 | n.d. |
| S-REE | n.d. | 168.08 | n.d. | 231.26 | n.d. | 263.45 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 391.09 | 153.67 | n.d. | n.d. | 183.39 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 137.14 | n.d. |
Note: Oxides and LOI in %, other elements in ppm. X is mean value for each group of sandstones; SD is standard derivation for that mean. Abbreviations: n.d.: not detected; CaCO* = maximum CaO in Carbonates recalculated from CO2; Chem.Lit: Chemical lithology [7] (s. Fig. 7); CaO++: CaO enriched samples; Psam.: Psammite classified samples; Rest++: enriched in SiO2 and Al2O3; Rest--: impoverished in SiO2 and Al2O3;. Eu/Eu* = EuN/(SmNxGdN)0.5 Samples are not LOI-free recalculated. Samples marked with (*) analyzed by ACME Laboratories, Canada.
Table 11.
Geochemical parameters of samples from Section II (CaO* = recalculated CaO free of CaO in Carbonates).
| Sample | ET-70* | ET-72* | ET-74* | ET-76 | ET-78 | ET-79* | ET-81 | ET-84 | ET-88* | ET-92* | ET-93* | ET-94* | ET-96 | ET-98* | ET-101 | ET-102 | ET-104 | ET-107 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 73.18 | 48.3 | 54.56 | 71 | 74.78 | 60.9 | 75.34 | 70.44 | 52.33 | 64.07 | 47.97 | 68.94 | 79.38 | 71.61 | 74.9 | 68.04 | 64.56 | 67.99 |
| TiO2 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.41 | 0.55 | 0.53 | 1.01 | 0.47 | 0.58 | 0.31 | 0.6 | 0.46 | 0.51 | 0.37 | 0.54 | 0.53 | 0.41 | 0.62 | 0.33 |
| Al2O3 | 13.27 | 10.72 | 13.18 | 14.06 | 13.15 | 16.01 | 11.67 | 13.8 | 12.41 | 15 | 11.68 | 14.7 | 11.3 | 13.33 | 12.44 | 15.15 | 13 | 8.91 |
| Fe2O3 | 2.51 | 2.29 | 3.05 | 4.48 | 2.34 | 8.04 | 3.53 | 2.89 | 2.11 | 3.96 | 3.37 | 4.19 | 1.86 | 4.03 | 4.14 | 3.48 | 7.98 | 12.94 |
| MnO | 0.04 | 0.61 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.39 | 0.11 | 0.45 | 0.06 | 0.01 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.08 | 0.09 |
| MgO | 0.75 | 0.52 | 0.95 | 1.13 | 0.91 | 2.22 | 1.06 | 1.41 | 0.67 | 1.26 | 0.82 | 0.93 | 0.75 | 1.26 | 1.52 | 1.63 | 2.27 | 4.51 |
| CaO | 0.3 | 16.31 | 0.89 | 0.51 | 0.32 | 1 | 0.28 | 1.95 | 12.8 | 3.03 | 14.98 | 0.7 | 0.27 | 0.69 | 0.18 | 0.12 | 2.38 | 0.33 |
| CaO* | n.d. | 15.86 | n.d. | 0.08 | n.d. | 0.11 | n.d. | 0.56 | 12.69 | 1.65 | 13.9 | 0.08 | n.d. | 0.06 | n.d. | 0.05 | 0.7 | 0.11 |
| Na2O | 1.45 | 1.82 | 0.69 | 1.58 | 1.7 | 3.5 | 1.11 | 1.89 | 1.19 | 3.11 | 2.04 | 3.28 | 1.12 | 2.26 | 1.19 | 0.8 | 2.24 | 0.21 |
| K2O | 5.35 | 3.64 | 3 | 3.37 | 3.61 | 2.05 | 3.62 | 3.07 | 5.15 | 2.98 | 3.8 | 3.72 | 2.34 | 1.61 | 2.15 | 5.7 | 1.32 | 0.18 |
| P2O5 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.12 | 0.16 | 0.18 | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.09 | 0.13 | 0.1 | 0.09 | 0.1 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.11 |
| LOI | 2.6 | 15.1 | 23.1 | 3.24 | 2.52 | 4.7 | 2.72 | 3.84 | 12.3 | 5.5 | 14 | 2.7 | 2.54 | 4.2 | 2.93 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 4.63 |
| CO2 | n.d. | 13 | n.d. | 0.25 | n.d. | 0.35 | n.d. | 0.88 | 10.86 | 2.05 | 11.74 | 0.19 | n.d. | 0.16 | n.d. | 1.89 | 1.28 | 1.71 |
| CaCO3* | n.d. | 28.31 | n.d. | 0.14 | n.d. | 0.2 | n.d. | 1 | 22.65 | 2.94 | 24.81 | 0.14 | n.d. | 0.11 | n.d. | 0.09 | 1.25 | 0.2 |
| Cr | 13 | 20 | 27 | 29 | 26 | 54 | 19 | 22 | 0 | 34 | 27 | 34 | 11 | 34 | 16 | 9 | 47 | 32 |
| Ni | 11 | 8 | 3 | 17 | 14 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 11 | 9 | 13 | 3 | 15 | 1 | 5 | 22 | 3 |
| Co | 10 | 8 | 2 | 12 | 10 | 18 | 9 | 11 | 5 | 13 | 12 | 9 | 5 | 10 | 6 | 12 | 17 | 12 |
| Sc | 7 | 6 | 11 | 13 | 15 | 17 | 8 | 11 | 5 | 13 | 8 | 9 | 14 | 7 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| V | 40 | 57 | 78 | 72 | 72 | 197 | 48 | 55 | 30 | 108 | 82 | 147 | 62 | 86 | 50 | 39 | 82 | 73 |
| Pb | 18 | 8 | 22 | 54 | 36 | 6 | 53 | 40 | 10 | 14 | 8 | 14 | 32 | 17 | 33 | 52 | 13 | 15 |
| Zn | 56 | 35 | 38 | 86 | 46 | 87 | 45 | 47 | 34 | 52 | 46 | 88 | 18 | 67 | 54 | 97 | 74 | 71 |
| Rb | 229 | 126 | 139 | 159 | 159 | 79 | 163 | 136 | 181 | 119 | 126 | 128 | 129 | 76 | 103 | 153 | 51 | 9 |
| Ba | 1497 | 1765 | 510 | 904 | 1434 | 777 | 796 | 590 | 1110 | 898 | 1822 | 823 | 591 | 1079 | 393 | 512 | 806 | 134 |
| Sr | 135 | 348 | 139 | 136 | 134 | 225 | 86 | 352 | 206 | 301 | 372 | 187 | 92 | 325 | 88 | 79 | 400 | 65 |
| Ga | 17 | 12 | 13 | 21 | 16 | 21 | 22 | 21 | 13 | 18 | 13 | 17 | 18 | 15 | 19 | 20 | 15 | 18 |
| Ta | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 1.19 | 1.84 | 0.9 | 1.94 | 0.78 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 1 | 1.36 | 0.7 | 0.89 | 0.87 | 0.5 | 0.82 |
| Nb | 9.1 | 6 | 7 | 13.1 | 15.6 | 12.8 | 15 | 16.7 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 6.8 | 9.7 | 9.2 | 9.9 | 12 | 10.2 | 8.2 | 8.1 |
| Hf | 2.6 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 9.37 | 4.55 | 9.4 | 9.81 | 13.65 | 3.5 | 5 | 3.5 | 5.9 | 9.49 | 4.6 | 11.75 | 8.37 | 4.6 | 6.8 |
| Zr | 74 | 112 | 157 | 138 | 138 | 374 | 117 | 245 | 126 | 190 | 121 | 223 | 98 | 179 | 170 | 117 | 167 | 77 |
| Y | 12 | 17 | 29 | 24 | 20 | 28 | 25 | 31 | 12 | 16 | 20 | 18 | 20 | 22 | 22 | 26 | 18 | 14 |
| Th | 13.3 | 8.9 | 10.9 | 15.5 | 15.65 | 16.9 | 17 | 19.35 | 9.2 | 13.4 | 10.4 | 17.3 | 10.45 | 13.6 | 12.05 | 17.95 | 8.2 | 3.79 |
| U | 2.6 | 1.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 2.39 | 2.3 | 3.95 | 4.41 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 1.8 | 3 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 2.94 | 3.62 | 1.9 | 2.13 |
| La | 20.5 | 27.5 | 40.5 | n.d. | n.d. | 59.7 | n.d. | n.d. | 27 | 40.6 | 39 | 53.7 | n.d. | 65 | n.d. | n.d. | 32.7 | n.d. |
| Ce | 40.8 | 50.9 | 84.7 | n.d. | n.d. | 121.2 | n.d. | n.d. | 52.4 | 77.9 | 72.6 | 97.3 | n.d. | 128.9 | n.d. | n.d. | 65.4 | n.d. |
| Pr | 4.45 | 5.87 | 9.37 | n.d. | n.d. | 13.22 | n.d. | n.d. | 5.6 | 8.33 | 7.74 | 10.12 | n.d. | 13.24 | n.d. | n.d. | 7.13 | n.d. |
| Nd | 15.7 | 22.1 | 35.2 | n.d. | n.d. | 48.1 | n.d. | n.d. | 19.5 | 28.9 | 29.7 | 37.2 | n.d. | 47 | n.d. | n.d. | 27 | n.d. |
| Sm | 2.58 | 4.1 | 6.82 | n.d. | n.d. | 8.56 | n.d. | n.d. | 3.31 | 5.13 | 4.41 | 5.64 | n.d. | 7.74 | n.d. | n.d. | 5.07 | n.d. |
| Eu | 0.64 | 0.89 | 1.23 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.55 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.81 | 1.17 | 0.94 | 1.13 | n.d. | 1.54 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.06 | n.d. |
| Gd | 2.14 | 3.35 | 5.76 | n.d. | n.d. | 6.93 | n.d. | n.d. | 2.73 | 3.94 | 4.07 | 4.4 | n.d. | 6.14 | n.d. | n.d. | 4.14 | n.d. |
| Tb | 0.38 | 0.55 | 0.8 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.03 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.39 | 0.57 | 0.6 | 0.61 | n.d. | 0.88 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.61 | n.d. |
| Dy | 2.37 | 3.07 | 4.82 | n.d. | n.d. | 5.33 | n.d. | n.d. | 2.13 | 3.27 | 3.5 | 3.55 | n.d. | 4.68 | n.d. | n.d. | 3.39 | n.d. |
| Ho | 0.47 | 0.62 | 0.91 | n.d. | n.d. | 1 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.42 | 0.61 | 0.72 | 0.69 | n.d. | 0.82 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.67 | n.d. |
| Er | 1.52 | 1.71 | 2.85 | n.d. | n.d. | 2.69 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.2 | 1.89 | 1.93 | 1.82 | n.d. | 2.32 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.96 | n.d. |
| Tm | 0.24 | 0.26 | 0.44 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.41 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.18 | 0.3 | 0.3 | 0.29 | n.d. | 0.33 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.29 | n.d. |
| Yb | 1.52 | 1.65 | 2.82 | n.d. | n.d. | 2.52 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.14 | 2.13 | 2.16 | 1.91 | n.d. | 2.32 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.96 | n.d. |
| Lu | 0.25 | 0.24 | 0.46 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.38 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.17 | 0.32 | 0.32 | 0.27 | n.d. | 0.31 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.32 | n.d. |
| Chem.Lit | Psam. | CaO++ | Rest-- | Rest++ | Psam. | Pelite | Psam. | Psam. | CaO++ | Pelite | CaO++ | Rest++ | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | Rest++ | Rest-- | Rest-- |
| Zr/Ti | 224.84 | 329.7 | 384.87 | 250.9 | 260.37 | 370.69 | 248.93 | 422.41 | 407.74 | 317.66 | 264.56 | 438.43 | 264.86 | 332.4 | 320.75 | 285.36 | 269.51 | 233.33 |
| Nb/Y | 0.71 | 0.34 | 0.23 | 0.54 | 0.78 | 0.44 | 0.6 | 0.53 | 0.57 | 0.5 | 0.32 | 0.53 | 0.46 | 0.43 | 0.54 | 0.39 | 0.45 | 0.57 |
| Th/Sc | 1.9 | 1.48 | 0.99 | 1.19 | 1.04 | 0.99 | 2.12 | 1.75 | 1.84 | 1.03 | 1.3 | 1.92 | 0.74 | 1.94 | 1.09 | 1.79 | 0.82 | 0.37 |
| Ti/Nb | 217 | 340 | 351 | 252 | 204 | 473 | 188 | 208 | 251 | 423 | 406 | 315 | 241 | 327 | 265 | 241 | 453 | 244 |
| CIA | 60.4 | 58.5 | 68.8 | 67.5 | 65.5 | 63.5 | 66.3 | 61.7 | 62.2 | 58.6 | 55.9 | 58.7 | 70.9 | 68 | 73.5 | 66.9 | 62.1 | 92.7 |
| PIA | 72.1 | 64.9 | 78.5 | 76.9 | 75.3 | 66.4 | 79.3 | 66.6 | 77.7 | 61.6 | 59.7 | 62.8 | 80.6 | 71.9 | 82.4 | 87.2 | 64 | 94.5 |
| CIW | 82.1 | 74.5 | 82.9 | 81.8 | 81.3 | 69.6 | 85.2 | 72.4 | 86.4 | 67.1 | 69.6 | 69.9 | 84.2 | 74.6 | 85.2 | 92 | 66.7 | 94.6 |
| Eu/Eu* | 0.83 | 0.73 | 0.6 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.62 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.82 | 0.8 | 0.68 | 0.69 | n.d. | 0.68 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.71 | n.d. |
| REE | 9.11 | 11.26 | 9.7 | n.d. | n.d. | 16.01 | n.d. | n.d. | 16 | 12.88 | 12.2 | 19 | n.d. | 18.93 | n.d. | n.d. | 11.27 | n.d. |
| LREE | 5 | 4.22 | 3.74 | n.d. | n.d. | 4.39 | n.d. | n.d. | 5.13 | 4.98 | 5.57 | 5.99 | n.d. | 5.29 | n.d. | n.d. | 4.06 | n.d. |
| HREE | 1.14 | 1.65 | 1.66 | n.d. | n.d. | 2.23 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.94 | 1.5 | 1.53 | 1.87 | n.d. | 2.14 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.71 | n.d. |
| Σ REE | 93.56 | 122.81 | 196.68 | n.d. | n.d. | 272.62 | n.d. | n.d. | 116.98 | 175.06 | 167.99 | 218.63 | n.d. | 281.22 | n.d. | n.d. | 151.7 | n.d. |
Note: Oxides and LOI in %, other elements in ppm. X is mean value for each group of sandstones; SD is standard derivation for that mean. Abbreviations: n.d.: not detected; CaCO* = maximum CaO in Carbonates recalculated from CO2; Chem.Lit: Chemical lithology [7] (s. Fig. 7); CaO++: CaO enriched samples; Psam.: Psammite classified samples; Rest++: enriched in SiO2 and Al2O3; Rest--: impoverished in SiO2 and Al2O3;. Eu/Eu* = EuN/(SmNxGdN)0.5 Samples are not LOI-free recalculated. Samples marked with (*) analyzed by ACME Laboratories, Canada.
Table 12.
Geochemical parameters of samples from Section III (CaO* = recalculated CaO free of CaO in Carbonates).
| Sample | ET-115 | ET-116* | ET-117* | ET-119 | ET-121* | ET-125 | ET-126* | ET-127 | ET-145 | ET-153* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 67.5 | 45.72 | 66.56 | 70.71 | 78.21 | 68.01 | 67.55 | 71.39 | 66.14 | 68.8 |
| TiO2 | 0.61 | 0.29 | 0.74 | 0.57 | 0.19 | 0.63 | 0.55 | 0.48 | 0.78 | 1.3 |
| Al2O3 | 14.66 | 9.39 | 14.75 | 13.89 | 12.78 | 14.87 | 15.61 | 14.61 | 14.48 | 11.29 |
| Fe2O3 | 4.44 | 2.69 | 5.95 | 4.89 | 0.58 | 6.64 | 5.27 | 4.6 | 7.78 | 2.68 |
| MnO | 0.05 | 0.3 | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0 | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.09 | 0.08 |
| MgO | 1.12 | 0.5 | 0.93 | 1.2 | 0.43 | 1.25 | 1.26 | 1.1 | 1.75 | 1.16 |
| CaO | 1.78 | 19.1 | 0.87 | 0.52 | 0.34 | 0.44 | 0.38 | 0.25 | 0.93 | 3.58 |
| CaO* | 1.18 | 18.92 | 0.02 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.22 | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.17 | 2.11 |
| Na2O | 1.39 | 1.95 | 2.99 | 0.99 | 0.35 | 1.38 | 1.27 | 1.43 | 1.53 | 2.07 |
| K2O | 3.88 | 2.79 | 2.73 | 3.96 | 3.4 | 2.83 | 3.66 | 2.98 | 2.86 | 3.34 |
| P2O5 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.21 | 0.34 | 0.03 | 0.16 | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.27 | 0.2 |
| LOI | 4.65 | 17 | 3.9 | 2.88 | 3.6 | 3.82 | 4.2 | 3.12 | 3.46 | 5.2 |
| CO2 | 1.73 | 16.19 | 0.04 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.86 | 0.05 | 0.13 | 0.48 | 2.4 |
| CaCO3* | 2.11 | 33.77 | 0.04 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.39 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.3 | 3.77 |
| Cr | 29 | 20 | 41 | 23 | 0 | 23 | 34 | 16 | 46 | 41 |
| Ni | 1 | 7 | 14 | 3 | 0 | 4 | 13 | 0 | 17 | 10 |
| Co | 17 | 4 | 15 | 14 | 0 | 13 | 7 | 12 | 25 | 5 |
| Sc | 10 | 5 | 10 | 10 | 1 | 14 | 11 | 12 | 14 | 9 |
| V | 64 | 37 | 105 | 59 | 20 | 56 | 79 | 47 | 85 | 56 |
| Pb | 62 | 7 | 11 | 43 | 4 | 40 | 26 | 47 | 39 | 17 |
| Zn | 74 | 33 | 103 | 80 | 2 | 122 | 85 | 78 | 115 | 59 |
| Rb | 167 | 88 | 112 | 166 | 144 | 125 | 156 | 180 | 116 | 116 |
| Ba | 924 | 716 | 642 | 1011 | 540 | 476 | 987 | 536 | 800 | 1430 |
| Sr | 202 | 493 | 198 | 113 | 59 | 88 | 86 | 92 | 128 | 316 |
| Ga | 20 | 8 | 19 | 21 | 12 | 22 | 19 | 22 | 22 | 12 |
| Ta | 0.87 | 0.5 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.6 | 0.98 | 1 | 1.13 | 1.04 | 1.8 |
| Nb | 13.9 | 6.2 | 15.7 | 13.4 | 10.4 | 13.1 | 11.6 | 14.4 | 16.9 | 26.8 |
| Hf | 11.15 | 3.1 | 14.4 | 9.28 | 3.4 | 9.38 | 4.1 | 9.63 | 10.95 | 10.6 |
| Zr | 220 | 104 | 596 | 135 | 101 | 147 | 143 | 136 | 218 | 419 |
| Y | 26 | 10 | 27 | 27 | 7 | 25 | 22 | 28 | 30 | 22 |
| Th | 17.1 | 7.2 | 22.2 | 16.05 | 21.1 | 12.85 | 15.7 | 18.15 | 14.05 | 32.9 |
| U | 4.47 | 1.7 | 5 | 2.49 | 2.1 | 2.77 | 5.3 | 3.76 | 2.86 | 3.8 |
| La | n.d. | 23.6 | 72.5 | n.d. | 28.9 | n.d. | 42.5 | 7.15 | n.d. | 129.5 |
| Ce | n.d. | 46.6 | 150 | n.d. | 52 | n.d. | 85.9 | 11.74 | n.d. | 243.1 |
| Pr | n.d. | 5.08 | 16.03 | n.d. | 4.52 | n.d. | 9.64 | n.d. | n.d. | 24.01 |
| Nd | n.d. | 15.9 | 57.5 | n.d. | 13.6 | n.d. | 37.3 | 8.87 | n.d. | 79.1 |
| Sm | n.d. | 2.78 | 9.79 | n.d. | 1.71 | n.d. | 6.72 | 1.36 | n.d. | 11.28 |
| Eu | n.d. | 0.59 | 1.56 | n.d. | 0.37 | n.d. | 1.37 | 0.21 | n.d. | 1.67 |
| Gd | n.d. | 2.41 | 7.05 | n.d. | 1.5 | n.d. | 5.39 | 1.9 | n.d. | 7.69 |
| Tb | n.d. | 0.37 | 1.04 | n.d. | 0.25 | n.d. | 0.79 | 0.69 | n.d. | 0.98 |
| Dy | n.d. | 1.86 | 5.33 | n.d. | 1.27 | n.d. | 4.31 | 1.71 | n.d. | 4.8 |
| Ho | n.d. | 0.3 | 1 | n.d. | 0.3 | n.d. | 0.82 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.76 |
| Er | n.d. | 0.93 | 2.84 | n.d. | 0.88 | n.d. | 2.56 | 0.66 | n.d. | 2.35 |
| Tm | n.d. | 0.15 | 0.45 | n.d. | 0.17 | n.d. | 0.36 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.36 |
| Yb | n.d. | 1.03 | 3.03 | n.d. | 1.29 | n.d. | 2.5 | 1.04 | n.d. | 2.24 |
| Lu | n.d. | 0.17 | 0.47 | n.d. | 0.19 | n.d. | 0.38 | 0.14 | n.d. | 0.38 |
| Chem.Lit | Pelite | CaO++ | Pelite | Psam. | Psam. | Rest++ | Pelite | Rest++ | Pelite | Psam. |
| Zr/Ti | 360.65 | 360 | 806.08 | 236.84 | 532.1 | 233.33 | 260.54 | 283.33 | 279.48 | 322.46 |
| Nb/Y | 0.53 | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.49 | 1.36 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.56 | 1.19 |
| Th/Sc | 1.71 | 1.44 | 2.21 | 1.6 | 21.1 | 0.91 | 1.42 | 1.51 | 1 | 3.65 |
| Ti/Nb | 263 | 280 | 283 | 255 | 110 | 288 | 284 | 200 | 277 | 291 |
| CIA | 66.4 | 60.1 | 62.2 | 69.4 | 72.7 | 73.4 | 70.2 | 71.3 | 69.3 | 54.9 |
| PIA | 76.5 | 66.5 | 66.2 | 83.9 | 89 | 83.5 | 81.4 | 81.2 | 77.4 | 57.6 |
| CIW | 82 | 74.5 | 71.1 | 88.3 | 91.9 | 86.5 | 85.5 | 84.7 | 81.4 | 66.7 |
| Eu/Eu* | n.d. | 0.7 | 0.57 | n.d. | 0.71 | n.d. | 0.7 | 0.4 | n.d. | 0.55 |
| REE | n.d. | 15.48 | 16.17 | n.d. | 15.14 | n.d. | 11.49 | 4.65 | n.d. | 39.07 |
| LREE | n.d. | 5.34 | 4.66 | n.d. | 10.64 | n.d. | 3.98 | 3.31 | n.d. | 7.23 |
| HREE | n.d. | 1.9 | 1.89 | n.d. | 0.94 | n.d. | 1.75 | 1.48 | n.d. | 2.78 |
| Σ REE | n.d. | 101.77 | 328.59 | n.d. | 106.95 | n.d. | 200.54 | 35.47 | n.d. | 508.22 |
Note: Oxides and LOI in %, other elements in ppm. X is mean value for each group of sandstones; SD is standard derivation for that mean. Abbreviations: n.d.: not detected; CaCO* = maximum CaO in Carbonates recalculated from CO2; Chem.Lit: Chemical lithology [7] (s. Fig. 7); CaO++: CaO enriched samples; Psam.: Psammite classified samples; Rest++: enriched in SiO2 and Al2O3; Rest--: impoverished in SiO2 and Al2O3;. Eu/Eu* = EuN/(SmNxGdN)0.5 Samples are not LOI-free recalculated. Samples marked with (*) analyzed by ACME Laboratories, Canada.
Table 13.
Geochemical parameters of samples from Section IV (CaO* = recalculated CaO free of CaO in Carbonates).
| Sample | ET-160* | ET-161 | ET-164 | ET-167* | ET-168 | ET-174* | ET-176 | ET-178 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 75.23 | 75.46 | 73.09 | 45.08 | 50.01 | 73.36 | 15.82 | 70.72 |
| TiO2 | 0.37 | 0.48 | 0.57 | 0.27 | 0.22 | 0.36 | 0.11 | 0.55 |
| Al2O3 | 12.74 | 12.82 | 12.96 | 8.38 | 5.81 | 13.67 | 3.81 | 11.72 |
| Fe2O3 | 0.63 | 1.03 | 3.66 | 1.8 | 2.31 | 1.65 | 1.99 | 5.1 |
| MnO | n.d. | 0.02 | 0.06 | 0.46 | 0.61 | 0.02 | 0.61 | 0.06 |
| MgO | 0.23 | 0.34 | 1.14 | 0.6 | 2.71 | 0.8 | 0.35 | 2.61 |
| CaO | 0.15 | 0.16 | 0.82 | 21.06 | 21.02 | 0.85 | 49.88 | 1.11 |
| CaO* | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 18.94 | 17.74 | 0.08 | 41.59 | 0.39 |
| Na2O | 0.28 | 0.35 | 1.43 | 2.68 | 0.37 | 3.88 | n.d. | 0.68 |
| K2O | 8.34 | 8.04 | 3.9 | 0.94 | 0.64 | 2.06 | 1.1 | 3.01 |
| P2O5 | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.15 | 0.1 | 0.03 | 0.04 | n.d. | 0.15 |
| LOI | 1.8 | 1.22 | 2.23 | 18.5 | 18.68 | 3.1 | 34.47 | 4.24 |
| CO2 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 15.45 | 16.42 | 0.15 | 32.96 | 1.3 |
| CaCO3* | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 33.8 | 31.66 | 0.14 | 74.23 | 0.7 |
| Cr | n.d. | 22 | 16 | 13 | 12 | 20 | 12 | 38 |
| Ni | 1 | 11 | 0 | 7 | 8 | 10 | 14 | 13 |
| Co | 0 | 6 | 10 | 4 | 40 | 2 | 14 | 13 |
| Sc | 5 | 5 | 11 | 5 | 13 | 5 | 9 | 9 |
| V | 36 | 54 | 70 | 47 | 48 | 42 | 58 | 55 |
| Pb | 4 | 35 | 38 | 10 | 19 | 18 | 37 | 45 |
| Zn | 3 | 42 | 61 | 15 | 27 | 26 | 31 | 59 |
| Rb | 316 | 339 | 168 | 45 | 55 | 78 | 92 | 185 |
| Ba | 1473 | 1682 | 851 | 387 | 287 | 335 | 559 | 312 |
| Sr | 95 | 80 | 147 | 308 | 449 | 371 | 843 | 71 |
| Ga | 11 | 14 | 20 | 6 | 12 | 12 | 10 | 22 |
| Ta | 0.6 | 1.69 | 0.87 | 0.3 | 0.97 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 1.63 |
| Nb | 12.3 | 11.4 | 12.4 | 4.6 | 8.7 | 9.1 | 5.8 | 26.4 |
| Hf | 3.7 | 3.94 | 12.25 | 2.5 | 8.75 | 8.5 | 4.88 | 13.05 |
| Zr | 128 | 158 | 192 | 100 | 162 | 322 | 209 | 186 |
| Y | 19 | 30 | 25 | 31 | 56 | 18 | 93 | 39 |
| Th | 12.8 | 12.85 | 13.25 | 5.4 | 7.47 | 15.5 | 6.96 | 25.7 |
| U | 3.4 | 4.42 | 2.91 | 1.3 | 1.97 | 2.1 | 1.23 | 3.74 |
| La | 36.9 | n.d. | 31.9 | 31.5 | 52.46 | 48.9 | 51.73 | n.d. |
| Ce | 61.3 | n.d. | 66.18 | 46.9 | 78.59 | 88.9 | 129.2 | n.d. |
| Pr | 6.36 | n.d. | 9.25 | 6.89 | n.d. | 9.56 | 16.91 | n.d. |
| Nd | 21 | n.d. | 36.75 | 27.9 | 37.22 | 33.5 | 64.66 | n.d. |
| Sm | 3.63 | n.d. | 8.21 | 6.14 | 10.65 | 5.51 | 12.25 | n.d. |
| Eu | 0.61 | n.d. | 1.84 | 1.33 | 1.4 | 0.89 | 3.17 | n.d. |
| Gd | 3.31 | n.d. | 8.58 | 5.72 | 10.3 | 4.71 | 9.99 | n.d. |
| Tb | 0.48 | n.d. | 1.31 | 0.86 | 1.13 | 0.61 | 1.31 | n.d. |
| Dy | 2.89 | n.d. | 6.86 | 4.54 | 7.01 | 3.19 | 6.06 | n.d. |
| Ho | 0.67 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.91 | n.d. | 0.63 | n.d. | n.d. |
| Er | 1.88 | n.d. | 3.72 | 2.32 | 1.14 | 1.7 | 2.3 | n.d. |
| Tm | 0.34 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.33 | n.d. | 0.28 | n.d. | n.d. |
| Yb | 2.25 | n.d. | 3.81 | 2.2 | 3.03 | 1.9 | 2.42 | n.d. |
| Lu | 0.37 | n.d. | 0.48 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.3 | 0.32 | n.d. |
| Chem.Lit | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. | CaO++ | CaO++ | Psam. | CaO++ | Psam. |
| Zr/Ti | 346.48 | 329.16 | 336.84 | 372.59 | 736.36 | 895.27 | 1900 | 338.18 |
| Nb/Y | 0.64 | 0.38 | 0.49 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.48 | 0.06 | 0.67 |
| Th/Sc | 2.56 | 2.57 | 1.2 | 1.08 | 0.57 | 3.1 | 0.77 | 2.85 |
| Ti/Nb | 180 | 252 | 276 | 352 | 152 | 237 | 114 | 125 |
| CIA | 56.7 | 57.7 | 62.6 | 48 | 44.7 | 57.9 | 19 | 68.6 |
| PIA | 84.2 | 85.4 | 71.3 | 47.8 | 44 | 59.8 | 14.8 | 80.1 |
| CIW | 94.8 | 94.8 | 78.7 | 51 | 47.2 | 64 | 20.2 | 84.8 |
| Eu/Eu* | 0.54 | n.d. | 0.67 | 0.69 | 0.41 | 0.53 | 0.88 | n.d. |
| REE | 11.08 | n.d. | 5.66 | 9.68 | 11.7 | 17.39 | 14.44 | n.d. |
| LREE | 6.4 | n.d. | 2.45 | 3.23 | 3.1 | 5.59 | 2.66 | n.d. |
| HREE | 1.19 | n.d. | 1.83 | 2.11 | 2.76 | 2.01 | 3.35 | n.d. |
| Σ REE | 141.99 | n.d. | 178.89 | 137.85 | 203.28 | 200.58 | 300.32 | n.d. |
Note: Oxides and LOI in %, other elements in ppm. X is mean value for each group of sandstones; SD is standard derivation for that mean. Abbreviations: n.d.: not detected; CaCO* = maximum CaO in Carbonates recalculated from CO2; Chem.Lit: Chemical lithology [7] (s. Fig. 7); CaO++: CaO enriched samples; Psam.: Psammite classified samples; Rest++: enriched in SiO2 and Al2O3; Rest--: impoverished in SiO2 and Al2O3;. Eu/Eu* = EuN/(SmNxGdN)0.5 Samples are not LOI-free recalculated.
Table 14.
Geochemical parameters of samples from Section V (CaO* = recalculated CaO free of CaO in Carbonates).
| Sample | ET-180* | ET-181 | ET-185* |
|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 74.69 | 76.5 | 71.01 |
| TiO2 | 0.28 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| Al2O3 | 13.35 | 11.1 | 13.26 |
| Fe2O3 | 1.78 | 2.47 | 1.64 |
| MnO | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.05 |
| MgO | 0.25 | 0.34 | 0.53 |
| CaO | 0.18 | 0.23 | 1.86 |
| CaO* | 0.01 | n.d. | 1.06 |
| Na2O | 4.88 | 1.63 | 1.55 |
| K2O | 3.01 | 5.83 | 5.08 |
| P2O5 | 0.05 | 0.16 | 0.06 |
| LOI | 1.4 | 1.38 | 4.5 |
| CO2 | 0.02 | n.d. | 1.16 |
| CaCO3* | 0.02 | n.d. | 1.89 |
| Cr | 20 | 14 | 0 |
| Ni | 6 | 9 | 7 |
| Co | 8 | 11 | 2 |
| Sc | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| V | 35 | 105 | 27 |
| Pb | 12 | 123 | 21 |
| Zn | 30 | 13 | 26 |
| Rb | 88 | 230 | 153 |
| Ba | 775 | 1401 | 1113 |
| Sr | 200 | 104 | 153 |
| Ga | 12 | 11 | 14 |
| Ta | 0.4 | 2.33 | 1 |
| Nb | 8.5 | 15.2 | 12.8 |
| Hf | 4 | 5.47 | 5.1 |
| Zr | 141 | 200 | 197 |
| Y | 16 | 22 | 21 |
| Th | 9 | 15.25 | 13.6 |
| U | 2.3 | 4.95 | 2.3 |
| La | 30.2 | n.d. | 48.2 |
| Ce | 58.9 | n.d. | 89.8 |
| Pr | 6.48 | n.d. | 9.92 |
| Nd | 24.4 | n.d. | 35.1 |
| Sm | 4.27 | n.d. | 5.33 |
| Eu | 0.77 | n.d. | 0.97 |
| Gd | 3.56 | n.d. | 4.95 |
| Tb | 0.51 | n.d. | 0.65 |
| Dy | 3.28 | n.d. | 3.72 |
| Ho | 0.65 | n.d. | 0.72 |
| Er | 1.83 | n.d. | 2.03 |
| Tm | 0.26 | n.d. | 0.35 |
| Yb | 1.8 | n.d. | 2.31 |
| Lu | 0.28 | n.d. | 0.35 |
| Chem.Lit | Psam. | Psam. | Psam. |
| Zr/Ti | 506.78 | 666.66 | 659.33 |
| Nb/Y | 0.52 | 0.69 | 0.58 |
| Th/Sc | 2.25 | 3.81 | 3.4 |
| Ti/Nb | 197 | 118 | 141 |
| CIA | 53.8 | 55 | 58.6 |
| PIA | 55.1 | 63.5 | 66.7 |
| CIW | 61.9 | 80.1 | 77.4 |
| Eu/Eu* | 0.6 | n.d. | 0.58 |
| REE | 11.34 | n.d. | 14.1 |
| LREE | 4.45 | n.d. | 5.69 |
| HREE | 1.6 | n.d. | 1.74 |
| Σ REE | 137.19 | n.d. | 204.4 |
Note: Oxides and LOI in %, other elements in ppm. X is mean value for each group of sandstones; SD is standard derivation for that mean. Abbreviations: n.d.: not detected; CaCO* = maximum CaO in Carbonates recalculated from CO2; Chem.Lit: Chemical lithology [7] (s. Fig. 7); CaO++: CaO enriched samples; Psam.: Psammite classified samples; Rest++: enriched in SiO2 and Al2O3; Rest--: impoverished in SiO2 and Al2O3;. Eu/Eu* = EuN/(SmNxGdN)0.5 Samples are not LOI-free recalculated.
Table 15.
Geochemical parameters of samples from El Tranquilo igneous rocks (CaO* = recalculated CaO free of CaO in Carbonates).
| Sample | ET-38 | ET-41 | ET-42 | ET-43* | ET-60 | ET-64 | ET-67 | ET-91* | ET-99 | ET-109 | ET-113* | ET-134* | ET-135* | ET-140 | ET-141* | ET-151 | ET-175* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 80.92 | 51.8 | 57.11 | 52.19 | 50.48 | 69.74 | 72.82 | 69.22 | 73.91 | 51.01 | 52.75 | 50.12 | 48.21 | 52.72 | 45.79 | 74.89 | 15.99 |
| TiO2 | 0.25 | 1.25 | 1.89 | 1.46 | 1.45 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.34 | 0.48 | 1.01 | 0.75 | 0.7 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.79 | 0.34 | 0.27 |
| Al2O3 | 12.1 | 16.21 | 13.38 | 16.9 | 16.5 | 14.45 | 13.4 | 14.14 | 12.81 | 16.08 | 15.15 | 14.56 | 16.06 | 14.87 | 16.15 | 10.95 | 9.61 |
| Fe2O3 | 0.62 | 9.82 | 10.27 | 9.97 | 9.58 | 2.58 | 3.73 | 2.52 | 4.66 | 8.53 | 9.99 | 9.66 | 9.16 | 9.79 | 9.23 | 1.81 | 67.38 |
| MnO | 0.01 | 0.14 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.23 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.17 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.14 | 0.06 | 0.48 |
| MgO | 0.34 | 5.47 | 2.77 | 3.74 | 4.19 | 0.59 | 0.91 | 1.03 | 1.68 | 5.95 | 5.41 | 5.13 | 3.24 | 4.29 | 3.44 | 0.82 | 0.06 |
| CaO | 0.02 | 8.98 | 5.25 | 8.24 | 8.76 | 1.13 | 0.55 | 2.36 | 0.37 | 3.97 | 9.16 | 9.65 | 7.27 | 9.07 | 8.4 | 3.07 | 0.34 |
| CaO* | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.05 | 1.46 | 0.15 | n.d. | 1.15 | 0.02 | 1.78 | 1.18 | 2.97 | 4.66 | 2.7 | 5.13 | 0.96 | 0.02 |
| Na2O | n.d. | 2.56 | 3 | 3.19 | 2.09 | 3.84 | 2.05 | 2.59 | 1.17 | 3.51 | 1.66 | 1.2 | 2.65 | 0.9 | 2.36 | 2.21 | 0.11 |
| K2O | 2.77 | 1.77 | 2.91 | 1.77 | 1.53 | 3.81 | 3.4 | 2.25 | 1.76 | 2.69 | 1.43 | 1.23 | 1.96 | 1.33 | 2 | 1.89 | 0.52 |
| P2O5 | 0.05 | 0.42 | 1.03 | 0.39 | 0.52 | 0.12 | 0.15 | 0.06 | 0.11 | 0.38 | 0.1 | 0.08 | 0.11 | 0.1 | 0.11 | 0.1 | 0.15 |
| LOI | 3 | 1.59 | 2.25 | 1.7 | 4.82 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 5.3 | 3.12 | 7.12 | 3.1 | 7.2 | 10.2 | 6.35 | 11.3 | 3.98 | 4.8 |
| CO2 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.06 | 1.91 | 0.21 | n.d. | 1.45 | 0.13 | 4.32 | 1.69 | 4.05 | 5.92 | 3.51 | 6.32 | 1.03 | 0.02 |
| CaCO3* | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.09 | 2.61 | 0.27 | n.d. | 2.05 | 0.04 | 3.18 | 2.11 | 5.3 | 8.32 | 4.82 | 9.16 | 1.71 | 0.04 |
| Cr | 11 | 121 | 5 | 34 | 141 | 16 | 30 | 13 | 19 | 161 | 136 | 136 | 136 | 153 | 143 | 19 | 27 |
| Ni | 6 | 56 | 0 | 27 | 73 | 0 | 14 | 7 | 13 | 50 | 18 | 55 | 66 | 74 | 67 | 11 | 28 |
| Co | 9 | 42 | 35 | 23 | 45 | 16 | 18 | 5 | 19 | 32 | 38 | 35 | 36 | 50 | 41 | 19 | 24 |
| Sc | 10 | 30 | 26 | 29 | 28 | 10 | 9 | 7 | 11 | 23 | 36 | 34 | 38 | 43 | 38 | 7 | 25 |
| V | 24 | 220 | 198 | 312 | 250 | 67 | 91 | 43 | 67 | 179 | 198 | 192 | 210 | 225 | 207 | 46 | 786 |
| Pb | 37 | 10 | 55 | 6 | 47 | 68 | 56 | 20 | 26 | 42 | 4 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 9 | 32 | 76 |
| Zn | 13 | 85 | 122 | 45 | 98 | 59 | 50 | 45 | 49 | 58 | 47 | 58 | 80 | 76 | 81 | 55 | 55 |
| Rb | 154 | 43 | 67 | 44 | 34 | 100 | 128 | 100 | 75 | 90 | 42 | 41 | 68 | 46 | 73 | 84 | 24 |
| Ba | 246 | 683 | 982 | 664 | 658 | 671 | 1564 | 757 | 872 | 1105 | 753 | 1010 | 325 | 1290 | 282 | 407 | 218 |
| Sr | 41 | 572 | 424 | 606 | 573 | 247 | 411 | 209 | 188 | 451 | 175 | 269 | 318 | 264 | 394 | 250 | 85 |
| Ga | 14 | 19 | 20 | 19 | 20 | 16 | 16 | 14 | 14 | 17 | 18 | 14 | 19 | 16 | 19 | 12 | 14 |
| Ta | 1.79 | 1.15 | 1.51 | 0.3 | 1.64 | 1.49 | 1.3 | 0.4 | 1.22 | 1.25 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.17 | 0.6 | 1.44 | 0.2 |
| Nb | 16.6 | 13.2 | 24.4 | 10.4 | 14.8 | 10.4 | 14.7 | 9.1 | 12.2 | 15.5 | 6.3 | 5 | 5.9 | 7.6 | 6.2 | 12.9 | 6.2 |
| Hf | 8.34 | 4.77 | 14.5 | 5.3 | 6.43 | 10.6 | 5.15 | 4.4 | 6.03 | 6.88 | 4.3 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 5.24 | 3.4 |
| Zr | 240 | 211 | 376 | 221 | 253 | 172 | 206 | 145 | 176 | 127 | 155 | 138 | 154 | 152 | 162 | 160 | 185 |
| Y | 35 | 32 | 60 | 29 | 38 | 24 | 14 | 23 | 19 | 24 | 28 | 28 | 25 | 32 | 25 | 17 | 14 |
| Th | 15.45 | 5.32 | 6.28 | 3.4 | 4.22 | 10.58 | 14.9 | 12.4 | 12.3 | 6.11 | 5.5 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 8.68 | 6.8 | 13.95 | 7.6 |
| U | 1.88 | 1.26 | 1.76 | 0.8 | 1.45 | 3.59 | 3.89 | 2.5 | 2.36 | 2.29 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 2 | 1.04 | 1.9 | 1.51 | 12.9 |
| La | n.d. | n.d. | 79.31 | 30.4 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 41.1 | n.d. | 34.32 | 18.5 | 19.4 | 17.4 | n.d. | 20.6 | n.d. | 8.8 |
| Ce | n.d. | n.d. | 115.1 | 68.8 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 81.6 | n.d. | 42.37 | 42.8 | 38.6 | 39.7 | n.d. | 43.9 | n.d. | 78.5 |
| Pr | n.d. | n.d. | 15.46 | 8.52 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 8.57 | n.d. | 1.17 | 4.94 | 4.5 | 4.52 | n.d. | 5.18 | n.d. | 2.81 |
| Nd | n.d. | n.d. | 50.13 | 36.4 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 31.5 | n.d. | 64.01 | 20.5 | 19.2 | 19 | n.d. | 21 | n.d. | 12.5 |
| Sm | n.d. | n.d. | 8.22 | 7.11 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 5.49 | n.d. | 2.18 | 4.31 | 3.92 | 4.29 | n.d. | 4.68 | n.d. | 3.59 |
| Eu | n.d. | n.d. | 1.89 | 1.83 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.03 | n.d. | 1.24 | 1.18 | 1.09 | 1.13 | n.d. | 1.14 | n.d. | 0.88 |
| Gd | n.d. | n.d. | 6.09 | 6.66 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 4.88 | n.d. | 1.69 | 4.71 | 4.11 | 4.12 | n.d. | 4.8 | n.d. | 4.1 |
| Tb | n.d. | n.d. | 0.54 | 0.95 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.73 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.81 | 0.73 | 0.74 | n.d. | 0.8 | n.d. | 0.75 |
| Dy | n.d. | n.d. | 2.84 | 5.1 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 3.83 | n.d. | 0.01 | 5.39 | 4.71 | 5.1 | n.d. | 5.26 | n.d. | 4.06 |
| Ho | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.12 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.81 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.02 | 0.96 | 1.07 | n.d. | 1.07 | n.d. | 0.79 |
| Er | n.d. | n.d. | 0.99 | 3.05 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 2.3 | n.d. | 0.12 | 3.02 | 2.76 | 3.01 | n.d. | 3.13 | n.d. | 2.2 |
| Tm | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.44 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.33 | n.d. | n.d. | 0.49 | 0.43 | 0.46 | n.d. | 0.46 | n.d. | 0.37 |
| Yb | n.d. | n.d. | 0.91 | 2.95 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 2.25 | n.d. | n.d. | 3.18 | 2.81 | 3.18 | n.d. | 2.94 | n.d. | 2.53 |
| Lu | n.d. | n.d. | 0.12 | 0.5 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.37 | n.d. | 0.03 | 0.5 | 0.45 | 0.44 | n.d. | 0.43 | n.d. | 0.4 |
| Chem.Lit | Psam. | CaO++ | CaO++ | CaO++ | CaO++ | Rest++ | Psam. | Rest++ | Psam. | Pelite | CaO++ | CaO++ | CaO++ | CaO++ | CaO++ | Psam. | Rest-- |
| Zr/Ti | 960 | 168.8 | 198.94 | 151.5 | 174.48 | 307.14 | 355.17 | 426.76 | 366.66 | 125.74 | 207.33 | 197.14 | 195.94 | 200 | 206.07 | 470.58 | 686.29 |
| Nb/Y | 0.47 | 0.41 | 0.4 | 0.35 | 0.38 | 0.43 | 1.05 | 0.39 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 0.22 | 0.17 | 0.22 | 0.23 | 0.24 | 0.75 | 0.41 |
| Th/Sc | 1.54 | 0.17 | 0.24 | 0.11 | 0.15 | 1.05 | 1.65 | 1.77 | 1.11 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.19 | 0.17 | 0.2 | 0.17 | 1.99 | 0.3 |
| Ti/Nb | 90 | 568 | 464 | 842 | 587 | 323 | 237 | 224 | 236 | 391 | 714 | 839 | 803 | 600 | 764 | 158 | 261 |
| CIA | 80.1 | 42.9 | 46.5 | 44.3 | 48.9 | 54.7 | 63.4 | 61.7 | 75.2 | 57.6 | 44.9 | 48.8 | 59.4 | 51 | 57.9 | 54.1 | 90.6 |
| PIA | 100 | 42.1 | 45.5 | 43.7 | 48.8 | 56.8 | 70.6 | 64.9 | 82.4 | 59.6 | 44.4 | 48.7 | 61.1 | 51.1 | 59.3 | 55.1 | 95.4 |
| CIW | 100 | 45.2 | 52.2 | 46.7 | 51.4 | 64.8 | 76.8 | 69.1 | 84.6 | 64.3 | 47.1 | 51.1 | 64.4 | 53.7 | 62.7 | 60.2 | 95.7 |
| Eu/Eu* | n.d. | n.d. | 0.82 | 0.81 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 0.61 | n.d. | 1.97 | 0.8 | 0.83 | 0.82 | n.d. | 0.74 | n.d. | 0.7 |
| REE | n.d. | n.d. | 58.89 | 6.96 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 12.34 | n.d. | n.d. | 3.93 | 4.67 | 3.7 | n.d. | 4.73 | n.d. | 2.35 |
| LREE | n.d. | n.d. | 6.07 | 2.69 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 4.71 | n.d. | 9.91 | 2.7 | 3.12 | 2.55 | n.d. | 2.77 | n.d. | 1.54 |
| HREE | n.d. | n.d. | 5.42 | 1.83 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | 1.76 | n.d. | n.d. | 1.2 | 1.19 | 1.05 | n.d. | 1.32 | n.d. | 1.31 |
| Σ REE | n.d. | n.d | 281.6 | 173.83 | n.d. | n.d. | n.d | 184.79 | 0 | 147.14 | 111.35 | 103.67 | 104.16 | n.d. | 115.39 | n.d. | 122.28 |
Note: Oxides and LOI in %, other elements in ppm. X is mean value for each group of sandstones; SD is standard derivation for that mean. Abbreviations: n.d.: not detected; CaCO* = maximum CaO in Carbonates recalculated from CO2; Chem.Lit: Chemical lithology [7] (s. Fig. 7); CaO++: CaO enriched samples; Psam.: Psammite classified samples; Rest++: enriched in SiO2 and Al2O3; Rest--: impoverished in SiO2 and Al2O3;. Eu/Eu* = EuN/(SmNxGdN)0.5 Samples are not LOI-free recalculated.
Table 16.
Simple statistics of the selected geochemical parameters of the El Tranquilo Group, Cañadón Largo Formation, and Laguna Colorada Formation.
| SiO2/AL2O3 | K2O/Na2O | CIA | Ti/Nb | SiO2/K2O | Th/Sc | Zr/Sc | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| El Tranquilo group | Mean | 5.26 | 3.35 | 61 | 288 | 23.38 | 2.01 | 21.91 |
| −95% | 4.99 | 2.11 | 59 | 254 | 19.32 | 1.5 | 18.03 | |
| +95% | 5.53 | 4.59 | 63 | 322 | 25.44 | 2.52 | 25.8 | |
| −99% | 4.9 | 1.7 | 58 | 243 | 18.30 | 1.33 | 16.76 | |
| +99% | 5.62 | 5 | 64 | 333 | 26.45 | 2.68 | 27.06 | |
| Cañadón Largo Fm. | Mean | 5.43 | 2.7 | 63 | 252 | 21.25 | 2.31 | 22.87 |
| −95% | 5.16 | 1.99 | 62 | 232 | 18.87 | 1.5 | 17.22 | |
| +95% | 5.69 | 3.41 | 65 | 273 | 23.63 | 3.11 | 28.53 | |
| −99% | 5.07 | 1.76 | 61 | 225 | 18.05 | 1.23 | 15.33 | |
| +99% | 5.78 | 3.64 | 66 | 280 | 24.42 | 3.38 | 30.42 | |
| Laguna Colorada Fm. (Section IV) | Mean | 5.87 | 8.93 | 52 | 211 | 29.59 | 1.84 | 26.95 |
| -95% | 4.82 | -2.32 | 39 | 142 | 9.74 | 0.98 | 13.43 | |
| +95% | 6.91 | 20.17 | 65 | 280 | 49.45 | 2.7 | 40.47 | |
| −99% | 4.31 | -8.11 | 33 | 109 | 0.21 | 0.57 | 6.94 | |
| +99% | 7.42 | 25.96 | 71 | 313 | 58.98 | 3.11 | 46.96 |
Table 17.
Simple statistics of selected Trace and rare earth elements (REEs) of the El Tranquilo Group, Cañadón Largo Formation, and Laguna Colorada Formation.
| Rb (ppm) | Ba (ppm) | Sr (ppm) | La (ppm) | Ce (ppm) | Pr (ppm) | Nd (ppm) | Sm (ppm) | Eu (ppm) | Gd (ppm) | Tb (ppm) | Dy (ppm) | Ho (ppm) | Er (ppm) | Tm (ppm) | Yb (ppm) | Lu (ppm) | Eu/Eu* | LaN/YbN | LaN/SmN | GdN/YbN | Σ REE (ppm) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| El Tranquilo anticline | Mean | 134 | 1030 | 224 | 41.02 | 79.93 | 8.80 | 33.19 | 5.75 | 1.20 | 4.99 | 0.73 | 3.96 | 0.73 | 2.07 | 0.32 | 2.22 | 0.33 | 0.72 | 14.07 | 4.70 | 1.91 | 184.58 |
| −95% | 148 | 1261 | 255 | 47.98 | 92.95 | 10.27 | 38.23 | 6.60 | 1.37 | 5.70 | 0.82 | 4.47 | 0.81 | 2.34 | 0.36 | 2.47 | 0.37 | 0.79 | 17.17 | 5.26 | 2.16 | 211.82 | |
| +95% | 153 | 1336 | 265 | 50.33 | 97.35 | 10.76 | 39.93 | 6.88 | 1.42 | 5.94 | 0.85 | 4.64 | 0.84 | 2.43 | 0.37 | 2.56 | 0.39 | 0.81 | 18.22 | 5.45 | 2.24 | 221.01 | |
| −99% | 120 | 798 | 194 | 34.06 | 66.91 | 7.34 | 28.15 | 4.91 | 1.03 | 4.28 | 0.65 | 3.44 | 0.66 | 1.80 | 0.29 | 1.96 | 0.29 | 0.64 | 10.97 | 4.14 | 1.67 | 157.34 | |
| +99% | 115 | 723 | 184 | 31.71 | 62.51 | 6.85 | 26.45 | 4.62 | 0.98 | 4.04 | 0.62 | 3.27 | 0.63 | 1.70 | 0.28 | 1.88 | 0.27 | 0.62 | 9.92 | 3.95 | 1.59 | 148.14 | |
| Cañadón Largo Fm. | Mean | 147 | 1153 | 194 | 45.79 | 89.31 | 9.86 | 34.22 | 5.81 | 1.14 | 4.80 | 0.70 | 3.78 | 0.68 | 2.03 | 0.30 | 2.07 | 0.32 | 0.67 | 15.21 | 5.08 | 1.85 | 200.30 |
| −95% | 162 | 1522 | 222 | 56.91 | 111.06 | 12.02 | 41.89 | 7.06 | 1.35 | 5.80 | 0.83 | 4.49 | 0.78 | 2.40 | 0.34 | 2.44 | 0.39 | 0.72 | 18.28 | 5.74 | 2.06 | 246.05 | |
| +95% | 166 | 1645 | 232 | 60.91 | 118.88 | 12.80 | 44.64 | 7.50 | 1.43 | 6.16 | 0.87 | 4.74 | 0.81 | 2.53 | 0.36 | 2.57 | 0.41 | 0.74 | 19.38 | 5.97 | 2.13 | 262.48 | |
| −99% | 133 | 784 | 167 | 34.68 | 67.55 | 7.70 | 26.54 | 4.57 | 0.92 | 3.80 | 0.58 | 3.07 | 0.58 | 1.65 | 0.26 | 1.71 | 0.26 | 0.63 | 12.14 | 4.43 | 1.65 | 154.55 | |
| +99% | 129 | 661 | 157 | 30.68 | 59.74 | 6.92 | 23.79 | 4.13 | 0.84 | 3.44 | 0.54 | 2.82 | 0.54 | 1.52 | 0.24 | 1.58 | 0.23 | 0.61 | 11.04 | 4.20 | 1.57 | 138.12 | |
| Laguna Colorada Fm. (Section IV) | Mean | 159 | 736 | 295 | 42.23 | 78.51 | 9.79 | 36.84 | 7.73 | 1.54 | 7.10 | 0.95 | 5.09 | 0.74 | 2.18 | 0.32 | 2.60 | 0.36 | 0.62 | 11.66 | 3.91 | 2.21 | 193.82 |
| −95% | 255 | 1199 | 516 | 52.62 | 108.65 | 15.03 | 52.52 | 11.16 | 2.49 | 10.17 | 1.32 | 7.00 | 1.11 | 3.09 | 0.40 | 3.34 | 0.42 | 0.79 | 15.88 | 5.65 | 3.00 | 255.94 | |
| +95% | 302 | 1421 | 622 | 58.52 | 125.79 | 18.48 | 61.43 | 13.11 | 3.03 | 11.92 | 1.54 | 8.08 | 1.60 | 3.61 | 0.50 | 3.75 | 0.46 | 0.89 | 18.28 | 6.64 | 3.45 | 291.26 | |
| −99% | 63 | 273 | 74 | 31.85 | 48.37 | 4.55 | 21.16 | 4.30 | 0.59 | 4.03 | 0.58 | 3.18 | 0.36 | 1.26 | 0.24 | 1.87 | 0.29 | 0.45 | 7.44 | 2.16 | 1.42 | 131.70 | |
| +99% | 17 | 51 | -31 | 25.94 | 31.23 | 1.11 | 12.24 | 2.35 | 0.05 | 2.29 | 0.36 | 2.10 | -0.13 | 0.74 | 0.13 | 1.45 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 5.04 | 1.17 | 0.97 | 96.38 | |
| Roca Blanca Fm. (Section V) | Mean | 153 | 1123 | 158 | 36.58 | 70.15 | 7.66 | 27.95 | 4.40 | 0.90 | 3.84 | 0.54 | 3.08 | 0.59 | 1.63 | 0.27 | 1.71 | 0.27 | 0.68 | 14.87 | 5.25 | 1.87 | 159.56 |
| −95% | 206 | 1609 | 190 | 49.79 | 92.42 | 10.11 | 35.77 | 5.50 | 1.04 | 5.04 | 0.66 | 3.92 | 0.78 | 2.23 | 0.37 | 2.46 | 0.37 | 0.85 | 19.32 | 6.73 | 2.32 | 208.66 | |
| +95% | 230 | 1822 | 203 | 60.83 | 111.02 | 12.16 | 42.30 | 6.42 | 1.16 | 6.04 | 0.76 | 4.62 | 0.94 | 2.74 | 0.45 | 3.10 | 0.46 | 0.99 | 23.03 | 7.97 | 2.69 | 249.69 | |
| −99% | 99 | 637 | 127 | 23.36 | 47.88 | 5.21 | 20.13 | 3.30 | 0.76 | 2.65 | 0.42 | 2.24 | 0.40 | 1.03 | 0.17 | 0.95 | 0.16 | 0.51 | 10.43 | 3.76 | 1.43 | 110.45 | |
| +99% | 75 | 425 | 113 | 12.32 | 29.28 | 3.16 | 13.60 | 2.38 | 0.64 | 1.65 | 0.31 | 1.53 | 0.25 | 0.52 | 0.09 | 0.31 | 0.07 | 0.37 | 6.72 | 2.52 | 1.05 | 69.42 |
Table 18.
CIA, Ti/Nb ratios, and SiO2/K2O ratio values of geochemical standards [8] used for comparison in Fig. 10, Fig. 16.
| Standard | Rock type | CIA | Ti/Nb | SiO2/K2O | Standard | Rock type | CIA | Ti/Nb | SiO2/K2O |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SARM40 | Carbonatite | 0.5 | 30 | 102 | MK-1 | Granodiorite | 48.2 | 352 | 16 |
| JH-1 | Hornblendite | 16.1 | – | 93 | NIM-S | Syenite | 48.6 | 66 | 4 |
| WMG-1 | Gabbro | 23.7 | – | 410 | SKD-1 | Quartz-Diorite | 48.6 | 430 | 20 |
| WBG-1 | Gabbro | 24.6 | – | 54 | T-1 | Tonalite | 48.6 | – | 50 |
| MRG-1 | Gabbro | 24.8 | 1130 | 217 | JG-3 | Granodiorite | 48.8 | 514 | 25 |
| BE-N | Basalt | 25 | 149 | 27 | GS-N | Granite | 48.9 | 194 | 14 |
| BR | Basalt | 25.6 | 159 | 27 | MO-9 | Anorthosite-Gabbro | 48.9 | 839 | 107 |
| SARM48 | Granite | 30.1 | 3 | 15 | GOG-1 | Gabbro | 49 | – | 898 |
| MO-3 | Gabbro | 31.5 | – | 184 | JR-3 | Rhyolite | 49.1 | – | 16 |
| SY-3 | Syenite | 31.7 | 6 | 14 | MK-4 | Granite | 49.1 | 124 | 17 |
| SY-2 | Syenite | 32.3 | 31 | 13 | MO-13 | Olivine-Basalt | 49.2 | 766 | 52 |
| SDG-1a | Gabbro | 34.9 | 1281 | 15 | MK-2 | Granodiorite | 49.3 | 252 | 20 |
| SDG-2 | Gabbro | 35.4 | 1228 | 15 | G-B | Granite | 49.3 | – | 23 |
| BHVO-1 | Basalt | 35.6 | 855 | 96 | QLO-1 | Quartz-Latite | 49.4 | 363 | 18 |
| BIR-1 | Basalt | 36.3 | 9592 | 1769 | DVD | Hornblende Dacite | 49.4 | 420 | 26 |
| MO-7 | Orthoklase-Gabbro | 36.4 | 1694 | 54 | GR | Granite | 49.5 | – | 14 |
| GSR-3 | Basalt | 36.9 | 208 | 19 | BM | Basalt | 49.6 | – | 247 |
| JP-1 | Peridotite | 37 | – | 14130 | NIM-G | Granite | 49.9 | 10 | 15 |
| MY-3 | Hornblendite | 37.5 | – | 99 | JG-2 | Granite | 50 | 16 | 16 |
| TDB-1 | Diabase | 37.8 | – | 55 | GA | Granite | 50.2 | 190 | 17 |
| W-1 | Diabase | 38.4 | 648 | 82 | SG-1a | albitized Granite | 50.2 | 1 | 17 |
| GV | Gabbro | 38.4 | – | 190 | JR-1 | Rhyolite | 50.4 | 39 | 17 |
| JB-1 | Basalt | 38.7 | 233 | 36 | DVT | biotitic Trachyrhyolite | 50.5 | 7 | 16 |
| SARM50 | Dolerite | 38.8 | 516 | 84 | RGM-1 | Rhyolite | 50.6 | 180 | 17 |
| JB-1a | Basalt | 38.9 | 289 | 36 | JG-1 | Granodiorite | 50.6 | 124 | 18 |
| W-2 | Diabase | 39.2 | 804 | 83 | GSR-1 | Granite | 50.7 | 43 | 14 |
| NIM-N | Norite | 39.8 | 600 | 210 | G-2 | Granite | 50.7 | 240 | 15 |
| NBS688 | Basalt | 40.1 | 1228 | 254 | JG-1a | Granodiorite | 50.7 | 125 | 18 |
| JB-2 | Basalt | 40.3 | 8918 | 126 | PCC-1 | Peridotite | 50.7 | 60 | 5958 |
| MB-H | metabasic Rock | 40.8 | 928 | 18 | GH | Granite | 50.9 | 6 | 15 |
| BCR-1 | Basalt | 40.8 | 959 | 32 | G-1 | Granite | 51 | 72 | 13 |
| MO-12 | Andesite-Basalt | 41.7 | 689 | 44 | JR-2 | Rhyolite | 51.1 | 28 | 17 |
| MO-2 | Basalt | 41.8 | – | 50 | GSP-1 | Granodiorite | 51.7 | 140 | 12 |
| JB-3 | Basalt | 41.9 | 3779 | 65 | GM | Granite | 51.7 | 71 | 15 |
| GL-O | Glauconite | 42 | 113 | 6 | DVR | albitized Rhyodacite | 51.7 | 213 | 18 |
| JGb-1 | Gabbro | 42.3 | 3469 | 181 | MK-3 | Granite | 51.8 | 126 | 12 |
| MO-5 | Gabbro | 42.4 | 4411 | 47 | SG-2 | Alaskite Granite | 52 | 276 | 10 |
| MO-14 | Olivine-Basalt | 42.7 | 883 | 101 | DTS-1 | Dunite | 55.4 | 14 | 40409 |
| MO-1 | Diabase | 43.5 | 885 | 28 | MA-N | Granite | 56.1 | 0 | 20 |
| MO-8 | Gabbro | 43.5 | 1863 | 112 | 2B | Granitoid | 57.5 | 1 | 25 |
| MO-4 | Gabbro | 43.6 | – | 23 | DVG | greisenized Granit | 57.9 | 1 | 21 |
| DNC-1 | Dolerite | 43.6 | 959 | 205 | GSR-2 | Andesite | 62.2 | 458 | 32 |
| NIM-P | Pyroxenite | 43.8 | – | 567 | SDC-1 | Mica Shist | 63 | 336 | 20 |
| MB | Monzonite | 44.9 | – | 12 | M I | Chlorite-Muscovite-Shist | 65.1 | – | 28 |
| JA-2 | Andesite | 44.9 | 410 | 31 | JSl-1 | Slate | 65.4 | – | 20 |
| NS-1 | Nepheline Syenite | 45 | 32 | 8 | JSl-2 | Slate | 66.7 | – | 20 |
| DVB | bipyroxene basaltic Andesite | 45 | 605 | 27 | MY-1 | Peridotite | 66.9 | – | 1035 |
| SNS-2 | Nepheline Syenite | 45.2 | 22 | 9 | MO-15 | porphyric Andesite-Basalt | 68 | 775 | 26 |
| WPR-1 | Peridotite | 45.3 | – | 370 | ASK-2 | Shist | 69.1 | 917 | 10 |
| MDO-G | Trachyte | 45.7 | 112 | 13 | SBO-1 | Shist | 69.2 | 331 | 15 |
| ISH-G | Trachyte | 46 | 87 | 8 | MY-2 | Dunite | 75.1 | – | 1402 |
| JGb-2 | Gabbro | 46 | – | 778 | DZE-2 | ultrabasic Rock | 77.7 | – | 3775 |
| JA-1 | Andesite | 46.1 | 3068 | 82 | GnA | Greisen | 78.2 | 1 | 27 |
| JA-3 | Andesite | 46.2 | 1359 | 44 | SARM47 | Serpentinite | 79.2 | – | 1814 |
| SG-3 | Granite | 46.3 | 92 | 16 | NIM-D | Dunite | 79.7 | – | 3896 |
| STM-1 | Syenite | 46.4 | 3 | 13 | SSL-2 | Shist | 80.1 | 378 | 17 |
| DVA | Hornblende Hyaloandesite | 46.7 | 1049 | 68 | SDU-1 | Dunite | 93.4 | – | 3957 |
| AGV-1 | Andesite | 47.3 | 420 | 20 | DZE-1 | ultrabasic Rock | 96.1 | – | 3434 |
| DR-N | Diorite | 47.5 | 934 | 31 | SW | Serpentinite | 96.9 | – | – |
| AC-E | Granite | 47.8 | 6 | 15 | SARM44 | Sillimanite Schist | 99.1 | 114 | 193 |
For the analysis of 45 samples, the material was crushed and dried to a constant weight at 105 °C. The loss on ignition (LOI) was determined after annealing for 1.5 h at 1,050 °C, than, the material was mixed with one part lithium tetraborate (Li2B4O7) and melted at 1,400 °C in a graphite crucible and poured into platinum pouring bowls. Major and trace element concentrations were determined using a sequentially operating, wavelength-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (SIEMENS SRS 303 AS, in the 1990s at the Geological Institute of Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Germany) on a volatile-free base (major element concentrations as oxides in weight %, and trace element concentrations in ppm). In this method the measured values for Fe2O3 are total iron values. Rare earth elements (REEs) were analyzed using atomic emission spectroscopy, with inductively coupled plasma excitation on an ICP-AES (Jobin YVON Model 38 plus). Thirty-five samples were analyzed and pulverized by ICP-ES (for oxides of Ba, Ni, and Sc), and by ICP-MS (for trace elements and REEs) at ACME Laboratories, Vancouver, Canada. This samples are marked with an asterisk (*) in the Table 10, Table 11, Table 12, Table 13, Table 14, Table 15.
All the geochemical data were plotted separately for the different sections into the following diagrams SiO2/Al2O3 after [9] (Fig. 7); K2O/Na2O [10], modified by [1] (Fig. 8); K2O/Na2O–SiO2/Al2O3 [1] (Fig. 9); Na2O + CaO* vs. Al2O3 vs. K2O, after [11], [19] modified by [1] (Fig. 10); Na2O+K2O+CaO vs. FeO+MgO vs. Al2O3 [12] (Fig. 11); K/Th [13] (Fig. 12); Th/Sc–Zr/Sc ratio [14] (Fig. 13); Th/Sc–Cr [1] (Fig. 14); Ti/Nb [15] (Fig. 15); Ti/Nb–SiO2/K2O [1] (Fig. 16); Nb/Y–Zr/TiO2 [16] (Fig. 17).
Fig. 7.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: SiO2–Al2O3 after [9] (modified).
Fig. 8.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: K2O–Na2O after [10] (modified).
Fig. 9.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: K2O/Na2O–SiO2/Al2O3 after [1].
Fig. 11.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: FeO+MgO/Na2O+K2O+CaO*/Al2O3 after [12].
Fig. 12.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: K/Th after [13].
Fig. 13.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: Zr/Sc–Th/Sc diagram after [14] modified by [1].
Fig. 14.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: Th/Sc–Cr after [1].
Fig. 15.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: Ti–Nb after [15].
Fig. 17.
Geochemical sediment classification of El Tranquilo sediments and igneous rocks: Nb/Y–Zr/TiO2 after [16].
Acknowledgements
The author is indebted to many colleagues and institutions: to Hubert Miller, Werner Loske, Klaus Weber–Diefenbach, and the staff of the Institute of General and Applied Geology of the Munich University in Germany, who made this data compilation feasible and carried out the geochemical analyses. The grant from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (German Science Foundation: Az.IIC6-Ro179/12-1 and Az.IIC6-Ro179/16-1) are gratefully acknowledged. For the second part of the analyses did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Footnotes
Transparency data associated with this article can be found in the online version at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dib.2018.11.062.
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