Table 1.
Interaction patterns between drug/small molecules and double stranded DNA.
| Drug | Mode of Binding | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covalent | Non covalent | |||
| Alkylating agents (irreversible and leads to complete inhibition of DNA processes and subsequent cell death) | Groove binders | Intercalators | ||
| Minor groove binders | Major groove binders | |||
| Cisplatin (DNA crosslinker) | √ | |||
| Doxorubicin (Stabilizes topoisomerase-II–DNA cleavable) | √ | |||
| Etoposide (Topoisomerase inhibitor) | √ | |||
| Methotrexate (Antimetabolite, a folic acid antagonist) | √ | |||
| (TFOs) Triplex-forming oligonucleotides (oligomers that bind in the major groove and form hydrogen bond with bases of the purine strand) | √ | |||
| (PNAs) peptide nucleic acids (with peptide-like backbone that invade the helix to form a triplex which results in the displacement of noncomplementary oligopyrimidine DNA strand) |
√ | |||
| (Daunomycin) combilexins | √ | |||
| Quinacrine | √ | |||
| Ethidium bromide | √ | |||
| Netropsin | √ | |||
| Distamycin | √ | |||
| DAPI | √ | |||