Table 1.

List of characterized and hypothetical glycan-binding fungal defense proteins described in this review. See text for details.

Protein	Type	Producing Fungus	Target Organism		Target Polysaccharide/Glycoconjugate	Target Glycoepitope (in vitro/in vivo)	References
AFP	Non-classical defensin-like	Aspergillus giganteus	Filamentous fungi		Chitin Glucosylceramide	(GlcNAc-β1,4)n-GlcNAc Glc	[23]
PAF	Non-classical defensin-like	Penicillium chrysogenum	Filamentous fungi		Chitin? Glucosylceramide?	(GlcNAc-β1,4)n-GlcNAc? Glc?	[24]
BP	Non-classical defensin-like	Penicillium brevicompactum	Filamentous fungi		Chitin? Glucosylceramide?	(GlcNAc-β1,4)n-GlcNAc? Glc?	[25]
	LysM-effector	Various	Filamentous fungi Gram-positive bacteria?		Chitin Peptidoglycan?	(GlcNAc-β1,4)n-GlcNAc (MurNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc)n?	[33]
	Thaumatin-like	Various	Filamentous fungi		β1,3-glucans	(Glc-β1,3)n-Glc	[39]
AAL	Hololectin	Aleuria aurantia	Zygomycetes Insects Nematodes Amoeba		Fucose-containing polysaccharides Fucose-containing N- and/or O-glycans?	Fuc-α1,x-X	[44,47,48,49]
Plectasin	Csαβ defensin-like	Pseudoplectania nigrella	Gram-positive bacteria		Lipid II	?	[6]
Eurocin	Csαβ defensin-like	Eurotium amstelodami	Gram-positive bacteria		Lipid II	?	[50]
Micasin	Csαβ defensin-like	Microsporum canis	Gram-positive and -negative bacteria		Lipid II	?	[51]
Copsin	Csαβ defensin-like	Coprinopsis cinerea	Gram-positive bacteria		Lipid II	?	[52]
	GH24-lysozyme	Various	Gram-positive bacteria		Peptidoglycan	(MurNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc)n
	GH25-lysozyme	Chalaropsis sp.	Gram-positive bacteria		Peptidoglycan	(MurNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc)n	[53]
	Ceratoplatanin	Various	Filamentous fungi? Gram-positive bacteria?		Chitin? Peptidoglycan?	(GlcNAc-β1,4)n-GlcNAc? (MurNAc-β1,4-GlcNAc)n?	[54,55]
XCL	Hololectin	Xerocomus chrysenteron	Insects Nematodes		N- and/or O-glycans	Gal-β1,3-GalNAc and GlcNAc-β1,2-Man	[47,56,57]
TAP1	Hololectin	Sordaria macrospora	Insects Nematodes Amoeba	O-glycans?		Gal-β1,3-GalNAc	[47,57]
CCL2	Hololectin	Coprinopsis cinerea	Insects Nematodes	N-glycan core		GlcNAc-β1,4(Fuc-α1,3)-GlcNAc	[19,57]
CNL	Hololectin	Clitocybe nebularis	Mammalian cells Nematodes Amoeba	O-glycans?		GalNAc	[47,58]
MPL	Hololectin	Macrolepiota procera	Nematodes	N- and/or O-glycans?		Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc	[59]
SSA	Hololectin	Sclerotinia sclerotiorum	Insects Amoeba	N- and/or O-glycans?		GalNAc/Gal	[47,60]
RSA	Hololectin	Rhizoctonia solani	Insects	N- and/or O-glycans?		GalNAc/Gal	[61,62,63]
CGL1/2	Hololectin	Coprinopsis cinerea	Insects Nematodes Amoeba	N- and/or O-glycans? N-glycan core N- and/or O-glycans?		Gal-β1,4-Glc Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc Gal-β1,4-Fuc	[47,57]
Tectonin2	Hololectin	Laccaria bicolor	Nematodes	N-glycan antenna		2-O-Me-Fuc/3-O-Me-Man	[20]
MOA	Chimerolectin	Marasmius oreades	Nematodes	Glycosphingolipids		Gal-α1,3-GalNAc	[64,65,66]
LSL	Chimerolectin	Laetiporus sulphureus	Mammalian cells	?		Gal-β1,4-Glc Gal-β1,4-GlcNAc	[67,68]