Table 2.
Main aroma components of “Starkrimson” apple during fruit maturation.
| Components Name | Relative Content % | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 95d | 100d | 105d | 110d | 115d | 120d | 125d | 130d | 135d | 140d | |
| Esters | ||||||||||
| Formic acid, pentyl ester | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.09 | – | – |
| n-Propyl acetate | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.42 | 0.59 |
| Acetic acid, hexyl ester | 1.74 | 3.51 | 4.26 | 5.30 | 5.71 | 5,55 | 5.44 | 5.36 | 5.04 | 4.86 |
| Propanoic acid, butyl ester | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.41 | 0.53 |
| Butanoic acid, butyl ester | – | – | – | – | 0.05 | 0.06 | 0.17 | 0.34 | 0.45 | 0.58 |
| Hexanoic acid, ethyl ester | – | – | – | – | 1.13 | 1.08 | 1.04 | 1.54 | 0.91 | 0.80 |
| Hexanoic acid, propyl ester | – | – | 0.20 | 0.31 | 0.32 | 0.43 | 0.57 | 0.65 | 0.68 | 0.56 |
| Hexanoic acid, butyl ester | – | – | – | – | 0.15 | 0.54 | 0.84 | 0.91 | 1.29 | 2.66 |
| Isopentyl hexanoate | – | – | – | – | 0.05 | 0.14 | 0.27 | 0.34 | 0.51 | 0.72 |
| Hexanoic acid, hexyl ester | – | – | – | – | 0.06 | 0.24 | 0.43 | 1.04 | 1.45 | 1.74 |
| 1-Butanol, 2-methyl-, acetate | – | 0.10 | 0.14 | 0.15 | 0.18 | 0.28 | 0.44 | 2.02 | 7.45 | 10.11 |
| 2-Hexen-1-ol, acetate | 5.57 | 8.67 | 9.19 | 9.65 | 9.85 | 10.48 | 9.39 | 8.14 | 5.67 | 4.35 |
| Butyl 2-methylbutanoate | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.41 | 0.54 | 0.67 | 1.56 |
| Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, hexyl ester | – | – | – | – | 0.11 | 0.49 | 0.84 | 1.02 | 2.16 | 3.01 |
| Butanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-methylbutyl ester | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.42 | 0.51 | 0.62 | 0.67 |
| Aldehydes | ||||||||||
| Hexanal | 5.58 | 6. 73 | 6.84 | 7.76 | 7.82 | 8.02 | 9.18 | 11.05 | 12.22 | 13.28 |
| 2-Hexenal, (E)- | 0.81 | 0.42 | 0.36 | 0.28 | 0.32 | 0.42 | 0.76 | 1.27 | 1.24 | 1.21 |
| 2-Hexenal,(Z)- | 69.61 | 53.34 | 46.11 | 39.75 | 35.06 | 33.06 | 32.64 | 32.04 | 26.53 | 23.24 |
| 3-Hexenal, (Z)- | 1.85 | 1.32 | 1.17 | 0.94 | 0.74 | 0.63 | 0.65 | 0.61 | 0.64 | 0.68 |
| 2,4-Hexadienal, (E,E)- | 0.66 | 1.09 | 1.30 | 1.54 | 1.17 | 0.88 | 0.81 | 0.68 | 0.60 | 0.53 |
| Benzeneacetaldehyde | 1.07 | 0.75 | 0.63 | 0.52 | 0.28 | 0.15 | 0.08 | 0.04 | – | – |
| Alcohols | ||||||||||
| Ethanol | 0.06 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 0.32 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.29 | 0.29 | 0.25 | 0.21 |
| 1-Propanol | – | – | – | – | – | – | 0.17 | 0.26 | 0.32 | 0.40 |
| 1-Butanol | – | 0.07 | 0.25 | 1.04 | 1.07 | 1.08 | 1.12 | 1.25 | 1.81 | 2.30 |
| 1-Hexanol | – | 0.47 | 0.86 | 1.22 | 1.38 | 3.22 | 4.07 | 5.14 | 7.15 | 8.11 |
| 1-Penten-3-ol | 0.38 | 0.75 | 0.86 | 1.03 | 1.09 | 1.01 | 0.83 | 0.48 | 0.48 | 0.47 |
| 2-Hexen-1-ol, (E)- | 11.77 | 21.57 | 26.85 | 29.15 | 30.72 | 29.23 | 24.68 | 19.14 | 14.96 | 11.62 |
| 2-Penten-1-ol, (Z)- | – | 0.31 | 0.70 | 1.12 | 1.08 | 0.81 | 0.87 | 0.96 | 0.64 | 0.33 |
| 3-Hexen-1-ol, (Z)- | 0.14 | 0.62 | 0.92 | 1.33 | 1.08 | 0.92 | 0.86 | 0.31 | 0.15 | – |
| 1-Butanol, 2-methyl- | – | 0.06 | 0.06 | 0.07 | 0.09 | 0.12 | 0.73 | 0.89 | 1.14 | 2.09 |
| Others | ||||||||||
| α-Farnesene | – | – | – | – | – | 0.19 | 0.42 | 0.65 | 0.58 | 0.34 |
| Butanoic acid, 2-methyl- | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2.14 | 2.42 | 2.49 | 2.21 |
| n-Hexadecanoic acid | – | – | – | – | 0.17 | 0.61 | 0.46 | – | – | – |
volatiles only listed relative content more than 0.5%.–: Not found or does not exist.