Table 3.
Final analysis of biogenic amines from fermentations by Saccharomyces cerevisiae 88 alone (SC), sequential fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae 88 and Lachancea thermotolerans CONCERTO™ (LT…SC), sequential fermentation with Schizosaccharomyces pombe 4.5 and Lachancea thermotolerans CONCERTO™ (LT…SK), Schizosaccharomyces pombe 4.5 alone (SK), and fermentations after malolactic fermentation with Oenococcus oeni 217 (+MLF).
| Compounds | Must | SC | SC + MLF | LT···SC | LT···SC + MLF | LT···SK | SK |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Histamine (mg/L) | 0.13 ± 0.01 a | 0.12 ± 0.03 a | 0.56 ± 0.06 b | 0.16 ± 0.05 a | 0.51 ± 0.08 b | 0.13 ± 0.06 a | 0.18 ± 0.04 a |
| Tiramine (mg/L) | 0.09 ± 0.01 a | 0.08 ± 0.02 a | 0.12 ± 0.05 a | 0.10 ± 0.06 a | 0.14 ± 0.09 a | 0.11 ± 0.06 a | 0.09 ± 0.02 a |
| Phenylethylamine (g/L) | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. | n.d. |
| Putrescine (g/L) | 0.18 ± 0.02 a | 0.21 ± 0.03 a | 0.25 ± 0.09 a | 0.19 ± 0.06 a | 0.22 ± 0.08 a | 0.18 ± 0.07 a | 0.16 ± 0.03 a |
| Cadaverine (g/L) | 0.27 ± 0.02 a | 0.31 ± 0.03 a | 0.35 ± 0.07 a | 0.29 ± 0.07 a | 0.32 ± 0.09 a | 0.27 ± 0.06 a | 0.25 ± 0.03 a |
Results represent the mean ± SD for three replicates. Means in the same row with the same letter are not significantly different (p < 0.05), n.d. = not detected.