Classification of pituitary hormone-dependent sex-biased genes. RT-qPCR analysis of total liver RNA using gene-specific mRNA primers for the indicated class I and class II sex-biased genes, defined based on the effects of hypophysectomy on gene expression (see text). (a) Cyp7b1, a class I male-biased gene, is dependent on the male pituitary hormone profile, as indicated by its decreased expression in male liver after hypophysectomy. (b) Nox4, a class II male-biased gene, is repressed by the female pituitary profile, and is thus strongly de-repressed (i.e., upregulated) in female liver following hypophysectomy. (c) A1bg, a class I female-biased gene, shows decreased expression in female liver after hypophysectomy. (d) Cyp2b9, a class II female-biased gene, is repressed by the male pituitary profile, and thus is strongly de-repressed in male liver following hypophysectomy. Data shown are mean ± SEM values based on n = 9 livers per group. The relative expression level was set to 1 for the female liver samples (a and b) or for the male liver samples (c and d). Significance values (ANOVA) are marked as described in the Fig. 2 legend.