Table 1.
Total shepherd population (N), total number of questionnaires conducted (n), margin of error, date of sampling, number of questionnaires conducted according to each category of age (‘born’) and experience as a shepherd (‘experience’), and main socio-demographic and farming characteristics of the shepherds in each study area. Mean (SE) is shown. Total shepherd population (N) refers to farms with > 25 heads of sheep or goats, and > 10 head of cattle or horses
| Variable | Cantabrian Mountains | Baetic Mountains |
|---|---|---|
| N | 246 | 122 |
| n | 40 | 33 |
| Margin of error (%) | 14.2 | 14.6 |
| Date of sampling | 2016 | 2015 |
| Shepherds’ age (‘born’) | ||
| ≤ 1950 | 13 | 4 |
| 1960 | 10 | 18 |
| ≥ 1970 | 17 | 11 |
| Experience as a shepherd (‘experience’) | ||
| ≤ 20 | 15 | 6 |
| 21–40 | 16 | 12 |
| ≥ 41 | 9 | 15 |
| Socio-demographic characteristics | ||
| Average age of shepherds (in years) | 50.4 (2.2) | 47.2 (1.1) |
| Average experience of shepherds (in years) | 29.2 (2.8) | 35.6 (2.0) |
| Gender | ||
| Males (%) | 77.5 | 100 |
| Females (%) | 22.5 | 0 |
| Farming characteristics | ||
| Total number of livestock | 88.0 (11.8) | 695.2 (60.7) |
| Number of sheep | 2.6 (1.2) | 660.0 (58.8) |
| Number of goats | 18.1 (8.8) | 29.1 (8.8) |
| Number of cattle | 64.3 (10.4) | 5.8 (4.0) |
| Number of horses | 2.9 (1.0) | 0.4 (0.2) |
| Shepherds performing transhumance (%) | 20.0 | 63.6 |
| Shepherds leaving carcasses in field (%) | 95.0 | 100 |