Table 7.
Effect of consumption of different diets substituted with apple pomace (10% g/kg) by growing female rats on serum measurements of liver function enzymes, cholesterol, and bile acids following 8 weeks of feeding.
| Serum Measurements | AIN | AIN/AP | Western | Western/AP | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AST (U/L) | 129.48 ± 52.86 | 212.50 ± 37.86 | 283.63 ± 45.30 | 259.67 ± 48.96 | 0.69 |
| ALT (U/L) | 107.63 ± 19.59 | 118.71 ± 43.60 | 94.5 ± 12.58 | 133.5 ± 30.59 | 0.78 |
| AST:ALT ratio | 3.16 ± 0.45 | 2.79 ± 0.28 | 2.97 ± 0.26 | 2.84 ± 0.17 | 0.83 |
| VLDL/LDL-C (mg/dL) | 41.59 ± 4.17 | 41.74 ± 2.38 | 40.42 ± 6.44 | 41.29 ± 6.74 | 0.99 |
| HDL-C (mg/dL) | 17.29 ± 2.18 | 18.95 ± 1.97 | 18.21 ± 2.13 | 21.85 ± 1.82 | 0.43 |
| Total Cholesterol (mg/dL) | 58.89 ± 3.43 | 60.38 ± 3.38 | 59.80 ± 5.69 | 57.98 ± 7.85 | 0.99 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) | 55.81 ± 8.17 | 47.39 ± 9.04 | 58.64 ± 9.38 | 50.04 ± 8.81 | 0.84 |
| Total Bile Acids (µmol/L) | 30.00 ± 3.13 b | 28.80 ± 7.69 b | 54.13 ± 7.96 a | 31.52 ± 3.69 a,b | 0.02 |
1 Values expressed as mean ± SEM of n = 6–8 rats/group. Different superscript letters a and b within the same row indicate significant difference at p < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test. Abbreviations: AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; VLDL, very-low density lipoprotein, LDL-C, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol.