Table 4.
Bivariate proportional odds ratio model to assess the association between circulating levels of TMAO and gender, lifestyle habits, cardio-metabolic indices, and MetS.
| Parameters | Circulating Levels of TMAO (µM) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | p-value | 95% IC | R2 | ||
| Gender | 1.15 | 0.015 | 1.029–1.295 | 0.047 | |
| Smoking | 1.26 | 0.001 | 1.110–1.423 | 0.108 | |
| Physical activity | 0.67 | <0.001 | 0.576–0.788 | 0.240 | |
| BMI categories | |||||
| Normal weight | 0.05 | 0.001 | 0.009–0.297 | 0.604 | |
| Overweight | 0.27 | <0.001 | 0.011–1.121 | 0.209 | |
| Grade I obesity | 0.18 | <0.001 | 0.010–0.099 | 0.237 | |
| Grade II obesity | 1.25 | <0.001 | 0.995–1.565 | 0.033 | |
| Grade III obesity | 9.59 | <0.001 | 3.946–23.344 | 0.561 | |
| HoMA-IR | 2.82 | <0.001 | 1.937–4.116 | 0.458 | |
| VAI | 1.58 | <0.001 | 1.308–1.912 | 0.248 | |
| FLI | 4.31 | <0.001 | 2.353–7.874 | 0.536 | |
| MetS (single parameters) | |||||
| WC | 1.88 | <0.001 | 1.490–2.375 | 0.378 | |
| SBP/DBP | 1.64 | <0.001 | 1.304–2.065 | 0.201 | |
| Fasting Glucose | 5.84 | <0.001 | 3.161–10.804 | 0.538 | |
| HDL cholesterol | 1.61 | <0.001 | 1.320–1.953 | 0.254 | |
| Triglycerides | 1.57 | 0.001 | 1.278–1.919 | 0.205 | |
| MetS (presence/absence) | 2.36 | <0.001 | 1.727–3.227 | 0.389 | |
A p-value in bold type denotes a significant difference (p < 0.05).