Table 1.
Hormone and metabolite summary for all studies
| Hormone or metabolite | Time | EU | HY | HY-NEFA | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C-peptide (nmol/l) | Basal | 0.4±0.06 | 0.5±0.1 | 0.3±0.1 | 0.19 |
| Last hour | 0.1±0.01 | 0.3±0.1 | 0.2±0.1 | 0.01 | |
| NEFA (μmol/l) | Basal | 428.0±37.7 | 379.0±46.9 | 291.4±51.4 | 0.12 |
| Last hour | 113.6±24.1 | 90.2±17.8 | 499.8±90.9 | <0.01 | |
| Glycerol (μmol/l) | Basal | 34.1±6.1 | 27.0±5.7 | 30.3±4.0 | 0.54 |
| Last hour | 16.4±2.8 | 12.6±1.8 | 77.3±8.4 | <0.01 | |
| Glucose (mmol/l) | Basal | 5.3±0.1 | 5.0±0.1 | 5.1±0.1 | 0.33 |
| Last hour | 5.3±0.2 | 10.3±0.2 | 10.4±0.1 | <0.01 | |
| Growth hormone (ng/ml) | Basal | 2.7±0.3 | 2.6±0.2 | 4.3±1.5 | 0.30 |
| Last hour | <2.5 | <2.5 | <2.5 | 1.00 | |
| Glucagon (ng/l) | Basal | 45.5±3.5 | 44.6±5.7 | 48.8±10.0 | 0.87 |
| Last hour | 62.0±5.0 | 60.1±7.6 | 56.3±9.6 | 0.48 | |
| Insulin (pmol/l) | Basal | 63.1±4.3 | 90.4±15.1 | 86.8±20.1 | 0.29 |
| Last hour | 208.1±25.1 | 221.7±30.8 | 186.5±37.3 | 0.75 |
Data are presented as mean±SEM
Basal, time 0 min; Last hour, time 180–240 min
p values were obtained by ANOVA comparing all three groups