Table 1.
Preliminary antifungal activities of compounds at 50 μg/mL.
| Compd. | Values of Inhibition Rate (%) to Eight Pathogens | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Valsa mali | Botryosphaeria berengeriana | Sclerotinia fructigena | Glomerella cingulate | Alternaria alternate | Sclerotinia sclerotiorum | Alternaria solani | Cochliobolus sativum | |
| II-1 | 68.42 ± 1.99d * | 68.64 ± 0.65e | 72.20 ± 0.66e | 62.35 ± 0.99f | 65.52 ± 1.06de | 76.39 ± 0.92e | 61.10 ± 0.96e | 67.01 ± 0.59c |
| II-2 | 0.66 ± 0.06q | 1.27 ± 0.03qr | 0.53 ± 0.06qr | 5.38 ± 0.05tu | 9.66 ± 0.06no | 23.61 ± 0.06p | 1.52 ± 0.10u | 7.98 ± 0.06qr |
| II-3 | 18.42 ± 0.06mn | 11.02 ± 0.10l | 18.72 ± 0.06m | 6.99 ± 0.06st | 11.72 ± 0.06n | 20.17 ± 0.00q | 1.01 ± 0.06u | 10.11 ± 0.06pqr |
| II-4 | 74.99 ± 1.30c | 69.90 ± 1.17e | 76.48 ± 1.63d | 80.66 ± 1.18d | 70.34 ± 1.41c | 86.69 ± 0.85d | 76.77 ± 0.26c | 66.50 ± 0.30c |
| II-5 | 83.56 ± 1.05b | 87.70 ± 0.91c | 85.03 ± 1.79bc | 90.34 ± 2.64b | 84.82 ± 1.30a | 92.27 ± 0.06c | 83.35 ± 1.16b | 81.39 ± 0.38b |
| II-6 | 41.45 ± 0.47e | 39.39 ± 1.61f | 49.21 ± 1.37f | 55.40 ± 1.36g | 41.38 ± 2.14g | 46.34 ± 2.29f | 47.46 ± 1.21f | 51.59 ± 0.76e |
| II-7 | 34.21 ± 1.00f | 22.86 ± 1.85h | 45.47 ± 2.26g | 24.74 ± 0.83h | 38.62 ± 1.04g | 35.19 ± 1.78g | 30.29 ± 0.92g | 35.06 ± 1.80f |
| II-8 | 86.85 ± 1.00a | 91.54 ± 1.33b | 100.00 ± 0.00a | 92.96 ± 2.69a | 86.90 ± 2.32a | 100.00 ± 0.00a | 89.90 ± 0.79a | 91.50 ± 0.66a |
| II-9 | 32.88 ± 3.85f | 22.01 ± 2.89h | 28.36 ± 2.69h | 24.18 ± 1.08h | 30.34 ± 3.13h | 26.60 ± 2.79i | 28.27 ± 1.83hi | 17.53 ± 0.90j |
| II-10 | 25.01 ± 3.06g | 18.18 ± 3.79i | 23.00 ± 2.51i | 21.48 ± 1.28i | 23.44 ± 2.27i | 30.46 ± 3.04h | 18.17 ± 2.45j | 21.21 ± 2.53i |
| II-11 | 80.92 ± 1.26b | 81.77 ± 0.90d | 83.42 ± 2.49c | 84.97 ± 1.47c | 78.63 ± 2.28b | 96.13 ± 1.32b | 79.83 ± 1.81bc | 83.56 ± 1.80b |
| II-12 | 20.39 ± 1.04h | 15.24 ± 3.23i | 17.13 ± 2.59j | 18.25 ± 1.37j | 22.07 ± 3.14i | 20.59 ± 2.45j | 25.23 ± 1.87i | 13.78 ± 1.91k |
| II-13 | 15.14 ± 1.23i | 10.99 ± 2.47j | 22.46 ± 1.62i | 12.35 ± 0.59k | 17.22 ± 4.17j | 15.87 ± 1.37k | 16.16 ± 2.31j | 9.54 ± 1.22l |
| II-14 | 65.79 ± 1.00d | 66.51 ± 1.95e | 70.60 ± 2.19e | 60.77 ± 0.78f | 62.76 ± 2.13e | 73.80 ± 3.43e | 58.60 ± 1.33e | 63.86 ± 1.01d |
| II-15 | 3.29 ± 1.16j | −5.12 ± 3.86k | 1.07 ± 0.92k | 5.37 ± 0.86l | 3.44 ± 1.18k | 8.15 ± 1.43l | 11.10 ± 6.18k | −2.71 ± 1.98m |
| II-16 | 9.21 ± 0.10p | 0.85 ± 0.04pqr | 8.56 ± 0.06p | 9.14 ± 0.03rs | 10.34 ± 0.06no | 6.87 ± 0.06t | 2.02 ± 0.10u | 5.85 ± 0.10s |
| II-17 | 0.66 ± 0.06q | 0.42 ± 0.06qr | −0.53 ± 0.06r | 0.54 ± 0.06wx | 1.38 ± 0.06pq | 0.43 ± 0.08u | 7.58 ± 0.12s | 12.23 ± 0.10nopq |
| II-18 | 1.97 ± 0.06q | 6.36 ± 0.06mn | 0.00 ± 0.00qr | 0.00 ± 0.00x | 8.28 ± 0.06no | 0.00 ± 0.06u | 0.00 ± 0.00u | 0.00 ± 0.00t |
| II-19 | 0.66 ± 0.06q | 10.17 ± 0.06l | 2.67 ± 0.06qr | 11.83 ± 0.05pq | 15.86 ± 0.06m | 0.00 ± 0.06u | 2.53 ± 0.00u | 11.70 ± 0.06opq |
| II-20 | 0.66 ± 0.06q | 2.12 ± 0.10pqr | 0.53 ± 0.06qr | 0.00 ± 0.00x | 2.07 ± 0.06pq | 0.00 ± 0.06u | 0.00 ± 0.00u | 0.00 ± 0.00t |
| II-21 | 1.32 ± 0.10q | 10.59 ± 0.06l | 11.76 ± 0.10o | 15.59 ± 0.06o | 20.69 ± 0.06ijk | 13.30 ± 0.06s | 21.72 ± 0.06lm | 22.87 ± 0.06hi |
| II-22 | 24.34 ± 0.06k | 0.00 ± 0.066r | 8.02 ± 0.11p | 12.90 ± 0.05p | 17.93 ± 0.06jklm | 18.45 ± 0.06q | 22.73 ± 0.06kl | 12.23 ± 0.03nopq |
| II-23 | 19.74 ± 0.06m | 0.00 ± 0.00r | 9.09 ± 0.11p | 3.23 ± 0.03uv | 0.69 ± 0.10pq | 13.73 ± 0.10t | 2.53 ± 0.03u | 11.17 ± 0.06opq |
| II-24 | 25.00 ± 0.10q | 5.08 ± 0.06n | 18.18 ± 0.10m | 20.43 ± 0.06m | 28.28 ± 0.06h | 19.31 ± 0.06q | 7.07 ± 0.03st | 15.43 ± 0.10lm |
| II-25 | 23.03 ± 0.10kl | 2.54 ± 0.11pq | 12.30 ± 0.06o | 17.20 ± 0.05no | 21.38 ± 0.10ij | 7.73 ± 0.06u | 3.54 ± 0.03tu | 6.38 ± 0.11rs |
| II-26 | 32.89 ± 0.10j | 18.22 ± 0.06k | 48.13 ± 0.06g | 28.49 ± 0.06h | 35.86 ± 0.10g | 40.34 ± 0.06k | 33.33 ± 0.12op | 37.23 ± 0.06f |
| II-27 | 36.18 ± 0.06hi | 15.25 ± 0.06j | 39.57 ± 0.06i | 22.04 ± 0.06jkl | 20.69 ± 0.06ijk | 42.96 ± 0.06j | 29.80 ± 0.06ij | 14.89 ± 0.06lmn |
| II-28 | 8.55 ± 0.06p | 6.78 ± 0.06o | 39.04 ± 0.06i | 23.66 ± 0.06ijk | 38.62 ± 0.10fg | 42.06 ± 0.00jk | 16.67 ± 0.10nop | 12.77 ± 0.06mnop |
| II-29 | 30.26 ± 0.06j | 0.42 ± 0.06qr | 36.36 ± 0.06j | 21.51 ± 0.06kl | 40.00 ± 0.06f | 36.48 ± 0.06l | 20.20 ± 0.06lmn | 12.77 ± 0.10mnop |
| II-30 | 0.66 ± 0.06q | 0.00 ± 0.06r | 14.97 ± 0.10n | 4.30 ± 0.06tuv | 10.34 ± 0.16no | 26.18 ± 0.06no | 12.12 ± 0.10qr | 18.62 ± 0.10jk |
| II-31 | 15.13 ± 0.10o | 0.00 ± 0.06r | 17.11 ± 0.06m | 4.84 ± 0.00tuv | -1.38 ± 0.06q | 12.02 ± 0.06s | 7.07 ± 0.10st | 12.23 ± 0.11nopq |
| II-32 | 3.29 ± 0.10 q | 8.05 ± 0.06m | 6.42 ± 0.06p | 5.91 ± 0.06tu | 6.90 ± 0.06o | 7.30 ± 0.00t | 18.69 ± 0.06mno | 22.34 ± 0.06hi |
| II-33 | 0.66 ± 0.06q | 0.00 ± 0.11r | 28.88 ± 0.06k | 2.69 ± 0.06vw | -0.69 ± 0.05q | 23.61 ± 0.08p | 6.57 ± 0.06st | −1.60 ± 0.07t |
| II-34 | 36.84 ± 0.10h | 0.42 ± 0.06qr | 30.48 ± 0.06k | 0.54 ± 0.06x | 0.69 ± 0.06pq | 69.53 ± 0.06h | 13.13 ± 0.06pqr | 15.43 ± 0.10lm |
| II-35 | 30.26 ± 0.15g | 2.97 ± 0.06o | 21.39 ± 0.10l | 5.91 ± 0.06tu | 0.00 ± 0.03pq | 0.00 ± 0.00u | 0.51 ± 0.06u | 10.11 ± 0.03pqr |
| II-36 | 61.93 ± 0.10e | 72.88 ± 0.06e | 68.98 ± 0.15f | 62.37 ± 0.06e | 61.38 ± 0.03d | 77.25 ± 0.06f | 62.63 ± 0.06e | 65.43 ± 0.03cd |
| Norcantharidin | 88.17 ± 1.87a | 34.31 ± 1.69g | 86.64 ± 0.80b | 17.72 ± 1.21j | 20.00 ± 1.10ij | 24.46 ± 1.13i | 1.98 ± 2.24l | 29.75 ± 1.27g |
| Cantharidin | 88.16 ± 1.39a | 38.54 ± 2.68f | 100.00 ± 0.00a | 10.19 ± 1.61k | 67.59 ± 1.06cd | 84.54 ± 1.39d | 70.20 ± 0.84d | 68.05 ± 1.29c |
| Thiabendazole | 86.84 ± 1.22a | 100.00 ± 0.00a | 100.0 ± 0.00a | 66.67 ± 0.00e | 47.58 ± 1.60f | 100.00 ± 0.00a | 15.14 ± 1.18j | 24.99 ± 1.17h |
* The differences between data with different letters within a column are significant for the same tested fungus (p < 0.05) with respect to TBZ, cantharidin, norcantharidin and these synthetic compounds with a halogenated benzene moiety.