Growth phenotype and raffinose pathway gene expression in serotype 23F ST81 blood and ear isolates. (A) Growth of blood isolate 5076 and ear isolate 9725241 in CDM+Glc or CDM+Raf was monitored by OD600 for 12 h. Data are mean OD600 ± SD from triplicate assays. (B) The indicated strains were grown in CDM+Glc to an OD600 of 0.2, washed and resuspended in CDM+Raf, and then incubated at 37°C for a further 30 min. RNA was then extracted, and levels of aga, rafG, and rafK mRNA were analyzed by qRT-PCR using 16S rRNA as an internal control. The data presented are the means ± SD from three independent experiments. ***, P < 0.001 by unpaired t test.