Table 3.

Estimating mother-reported father involvement at nine-year survey as a function of relationship history (measured between baseline and five-year surveys)

	Mother-Reported Contact With Child in Past 30 Days		Mother-Reported Shared Responsibility in Parenting		Mother-Reported Cooperation in Parenting
	Model 1 Unadjusted	Model 2 + Controls	Model 1 Unadjusted	Model 2 + Controls	Model 1 Unadjusted	Model 2 + Controls
Relationship History (ref. = chinning)
Stably together	1.605***	1.131***	1.097***	0.814***	0.842***	0.567***
	(0.202)	(0.230)	(0.041)	(0.048)	(0.046)	(0.053)
Stably broken up	−0.140	−0.289	−0.151**	−0.235***	−0.131*	−0.214***
	(0.184)	(0.195)	(0.051)	(0.051)	(0.058)	(0.058)
Repartnered	−0.083	−0.123	−0.413***	−0.405***	−0.402***	−0.353***
	(0.161)	(0.173)	(0.044)	(0.045)	(0.050)	(0.051)
Mother’s Race/Ethnicity (ref. = non-Hispanic white)
Non-Hispanic black		−0.479*		0.000		0.084†
		(0.208)		(0.041)		(0.046)
Hispanic		0.183		0.052		0.074
		(0.233)		(0.043)		(0.049)
Non-Hispanic other race		−0.183		0.081		0.152†
		(0.425)		(0.081)		(0.091)
Mother and Father Are Mixed-Race Couple		−0.239		−0.062		−0.060
		(0.193)		(0.042)		(0.048)
Mother’s Age		0.014		0.003		0.004
		(0.018)		(0.004)		(0.004)
Father’s Age		0.016		0.004		0.001
		(0.014)		(0.003)		(0.003)
Mother Lived With Both Biological Parents at Age 15		0.060		0.048		0.029
		(0.142)		(0.030)		(0.034)
Father Lived With Both Biological Parents at Age 15		−0.018		0.025		0.056
		(0.151)		(0.031)		(0.037)
Mother’s Educational Attainment (ref. = less than high school)
High school diploma or GED		0.238		−0.030		−0.047
		(0.155)		(0.037)		(0.041)
Some college		0.157		−0.064		−0.047
		(0.186)		(0.042)		(0.048)
College degree		0.403		−0.042		−0.020
		(0.395)		(0.066)		(0.074)
Father’s Educational Attainment (ref. = less than high school)
High school diploma or GED		0.061		0.012		0.022
		(0.151)		(0.036)		(0.041)
Some college		0.278		0.080†		0.075
		(0.206)		(0.044)		(0.050)
College degree		0.762†		0.098		0.079
		(0.461)		(0.066)		(0.075)
Parents’ Relationship Status at Baseline (ref. = married)
Cohabiting		0.079		−0.122*		−0.055
		(0.260)		(0.055)		(0.063)
Nonresidential romantic		−0.007		−0.246***		−0.164*
		(0.267)		(0.059)		(0.068)
Separated		0.105		−0.292***		−0.355***
		(0.303)		(0.071)		(0.084)
Father Provided Financial Support During Pregnancy		−0.052		0.181**		0.396***
		(0.223)		(0.057)		(0.070)
Father Provided Instrumental Support During Pregnancy		0.006		0.090†		0.121*
		(0.218)		(0.050)		(0.055)
Mother Material Hardship		−0.021		−0.017†		−0.021*
		(0.039)		(0.009)		(0.010)
Father Material Hardship		0.001		−0.003		0.006
		(0.056)		(0.015)		(0.017)
Mother Employed		−0.089		−0.018		0.004
		(0.133)		(0.029)		(0.032)
Father Employed		0.116		0.041		0.113*
		(0.163)		(0.015)		(0.047)
Mother Depression		−0.050		−0.096*		−0.114**
		(0.167)		(0.039)		(0.044)
Father Depression		−0.169		−0.169**		−0.197***
		(0.194)		(0.048)		(0.054)
Parents Have Only One Child Together		−0.023		−0.039		−0.002
		(0.140)		(0.030)		(0.034)
Child Is Boy		−0.145		0.014		−0.027
		(0.125)		(0.027)		(0.031)
Child Temperament		0.030		0.001		−0.013
		(0.083)		(0.019)		(0.021)
Intercept	1.688	1.116	−0.336	−0.477	−0.234	−0.626
N	2,832	2,832	2,832	2,832	2,832	2,832

Notes: Mother-reported contact with child in the past 30 days is estimated with a logistic regression model. The other outcomes are estimated with ordinary least squares (OLS) regression (and these outcomes are standardized, with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1).

^†p < .10;

^*p < .05;

^**p < .01;

^***p < .001