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. 2019 Jan 18;11(1):194. doi: 10.3390/nu11010194

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© 2019 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Spirulina liquid extract reduces hydrophobic BA and enhances ursodeoxycholic acid content. Gallbladder (A) total BA, (B) cholesterol, (C) tauro-cholic acid (T-CA), (D) β-muricholic acid (MCA), (E) tauro-total-MCA and (F) ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) content. Gallbladder (G) soluble BA calculated as the sum of unconjugated-tauro-glyco-UDCA and MCA and (H) non soluble BA calculated as the sum of unconjugated-tauro-glyco-CA, deoxycholic acid (DCA), chenodeoxycholic acid and lithocholic acid. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. WD (n = 9–10/group), ANOVA.